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THE HISTORY 

OF THE 

FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS 



IN THE WAR FOR THE 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION 



1861-1865. 




SHELDON B. THORPE, 



SERGEANT COMPANY K. 



THE PRICE, LEE & ADKINS CO., 

NEW HAVEN, CONN. 

1893. 



9901 



'898 



TO THE MEMORY 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS, 

LIVING AND KALLEN, 

As a record of loyal service to the nation, 
this volume is dedicated, 




THE ALTHOR 



f Charles D. Barnes. 



AND BY COMMITTEE 

OF PUBLICATION, 



( William S. Beech ek. 



[ James A. Church. 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Col. D. R. Wright, 
Capt. Julius Bassett, 

Theodore Davis, 
Col. Samuel Tolles, . 
Camp Chase, 
Casej^'s Pet, 
Soldier of 1862, 
Fredericksburg, Va., 
Ninth Corps Badge, r . 
Discipline, 
Maj. E. W. Osborne, 
Surg. H. V. C. Hclcombe, 
Seventh Corps Badge, 
Surg. E. O. Cowles. 
Chaplain D. H. Miller. 
Capt. Reuben Waterman, 

" M. A. Butricks, 
Chaplain J. B. Doolittle, 
Capt. A. W. Harvey, 

" H. H. Stiles, 
Col. C. L. Upham, . 



PAGE 




F.\GE 


front 


Lieut. J. B Bissell. . 


92 


8 


" C. S. Gray, 


96 


10 


Capt. George M. White, 


102 


iS 


M. D. Munson, . 


104 


20 


Adj. P. C. Rand, 


loS 


23 


Battlefield of Kinston, 


112 


26 


Lieut. E. W. Bishop, 


116 


32 


Capt. R. 0. Bradley, . 


122 


32 


Lieut. William Goodrich, 


130 


40 


Quar. M. C. Augur, 


136 


44 


Lieut. A. Rodriquez, 


154 


. 50 


" W'illiam Thompson, 


174 


■ 51 


" Heber S. Ives, 


180 


54 


" A. P. Day, 


190 


60 


" John Hall, 


198 


04 


S. F. Linsley. . 


212 


. 68 


Log Houses, 


222 


74 


Capt. W. C. Burgess, . 


232 


. 7(> 


Lieut. C. F. Bowman, 


236 


S2 


New Berne Monument, 


332 



PREFACE. 

THIS volume does not deal with the War of the Rebellion, 
except so far as the 15th Conn, was concerned, nor does 
it treat to any extent of the other armed bodies with which 
the regiment was brigaded. Its intent is to furnish in plain 
language an accurate, comprehensive account of the formation, 
membership and service of " The Lyon Regiment " in the defense 
of the Union. 

The credit of first urging the preparation of a regimental his- 
tory belongs to Lieut. -Col. Samuel Tolles. This was in 1S71, 
when nearly all mustered out of the army six years before were 
alive, and memories of men and events had suffered little or no 
relapse. To emphasize this officer's belief, he prejaared an original 
paper, mentioning in general terms the record of his regiment, 
which was read at the reunion that year (published in The Lever, 
Sept. 2, 1S71). Frequent allusions by him and others to the import- 
ance of such a work were made at succeeding reunions, but 
nothing was done until 1S82, when Capt. George M. White was 
ap]>ointed regimental historian. Like Col. Tolles, he believed 
that the deeds of this great body of loj-al men should find wider 
mention than at a reunion dinner table, and accordingly at the 
annual gathering in 1S87 he read a valuable contribution on 
" Kimston " (published y(??^r««/ a«</ C^z^r/i?r, August, 18S7), which 
received the warm approval of the veterans. One or two later 
papers from him followed with such satisfaction that, i:rged by his 
comrades, he began the accumulation of material with the view of 
arranging the same for publication. At this juncture he was 
called to that official position (Assistant Adjtitant General of Conn.), 
the duties of which engrossed his entire attention. Nevertheless, 
he was always hopeful that the opportunity would arrive when he 
could carry out his plan. But death suddenly claimed him and 
that time never came. The writer was chosen as his si:ccessor in 
1S92. The inventcjr}* of historical matter turned over was excess- 
ively fragmentary, and so much less than anticipated, as to lead 



iv PREFACE. 

to the belief that a portion of Cajit. White's manusci-ipt must have 
been lost during his illness. Hence the entire volume has been 
rewritten. 

Without hearty co-operation, so ample a history at this late date 
would not have been possible. It would be pleasant in this con- 
nection to name every comrade who has in one line or another 
assisted the writer, but this cannot be; they are nevertheless part 
authors of the volume, and the real historians of the regiment. 
Among them, Corp. Joel E. Griffin, Co. C, with his complete diary 
and excellent memory, is entitled to a front rank on the "right of 
the line." The diaries of Col. Upham, of George Walstein Smith, 
of Martin Allen, of Charles F. Beckley, of Sergt. J. E. Towner, of 
Corp. French, and others, have been of inestimable value in 
fixing dates and events; also, by the kind courtesy of Arthur B. 
Wright, Esq., of New Haven, the military papers of his father, 
the late Col. D. R. Wright, were freely offered for examination. 
Messrs. Frank Mosher's and William Nichols' recollections have 
been of great value, and last, but far from least, Lieut. Linsley, 
who has been "held up" for information more frequently than 
any other member of the regiment, probably, and Secretary 
Walter H. Lord, deserve special thanks. To the latter we are 
indebted for the excellent account of the reunions of the regiment. 

The method used in compilation, while necessitating some 
delay, it is believed has insured greater accuracy in the narrative. 
After setting up the manuscript, copies of "proof" were sub- 
mitted to the Committee of Publication and others, for further 
examination and revision, before the present text was accepted. 

The edition is limited to five hundred copies. 

T. 

XtiKiii Haven, Conn., September, 1893. 



CHAPTER I. 

PRESIDENT Lincoln's proclamation — public meeting 
— " the national union committee " — enlist- 
ments CAMP LYON — organization OF THE REGI- 
MENT DEPARTURE FROM NEW HAVEN ARRIVAL ON 

ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, VA. 

On July ist, 1862, President Lincoln issued a call 
for 300,000 volunteers for three years. The quota of 
Connecticut as fixed by apportionment was 7,145. 
Two days later Gov. W. A. Buckingham issued a procla- 
mation for the immediate formation of " six or more 
regiments of infantry to be used in suppressing the 
Rebellion." This course was unavoidable. Men saw 
its terrible necessity, and answering to that impulse 
which unites humanity in times of great danger, flew 
to that safeguard of a free people " a Public Meeting!" 
Thus it came about that within a week after the 
appeal of the Executive of the Nation the citizens 
of New Haven, Conn., issued the following call : 

GRAND UNION RALLY ! 

"* The undersigned citizens of New Haven believ- 
ing that the present crisis of our national affairs calls 
loudly upon every patriotic citizen to put forth his 
utmost exertion to sustain the Government in this 
hour of its trial, most earnestly call upon all good and 
true union loving men to meet together in Music 
Hall on Tuesday evening, July 8, at 7^^ o'clock, for 
the purpose of appointing a Committee of Ways and 
Means to assist in raising immediately such numbers 
of volunteers as may be necessary under the late call 
of the President. 

* Journal and Courier, July 7, 1862. 



6 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Our Country calls ! Let every man respond to the 
extent of his ability. vSome have time, some money; 
such as we have let us give cheerfully, and thereby 
dispel the clouds which are temporarih^ hanging over 
us. The darkest hours are alwa3's just before day! 
Rally one and all and let us stand shoulder to 
shoulder in defense of our country and its gallant 
army." 

Under this impassioned appeal a large audience 
gathered the next evening. By 7 o'clock the hall 
began to be crowded, and long before the hour of 
opening admittance was impossible. Something over 
four thousand voters (boys being excluded) were 
present. The meeting was called to order by N. D. 
Sperry, Esq. Commodore Foote was chosen presiding 
officer. His reii^arks were brief and pungent. There 
was no time for spread-eagle orator3^ Speeches, 
sharp, earnest, decisive, bristling with business, were 
made by Gov. Buckingham, the Rev. Dr. Bacon. Charles 
Chapman of Hartford, and others. It was resolved 
to put a regiment from the town of New Haven into 
the field immediately. To best accomplish this, a 
committee of the leading men of the city was chosen, 
whose instructions were: 

" To take instant action by thorough organization 
of effort in the city, and by co-operation with similar 
committees in other parts of the State, put into the 
field with the least possible delay the number of men 
required to be raised by the State." The following 
gentlemen were appointed as this committee: 

William S. Charnley, Francis Wayland Jr. , 

Harmauus M. Welch, James A. King, 

John B. Hotchkiss, E. S. Quintard, 

Stephen D. Pardee, David J. Peck, 

Samuel Bishop, Luman Cowles, 

Henry B. Harrison, Lucius R. Finch, 

William H. Rtissell, Nehemiah D. Sperry, 

Arthur D. Osborne, Willis Bristol, 

Philip A. Pinkerman, Lucius P. Allis, 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 7 

Charles A. Lindsle}', Edward Downes, 

John Woodruff, Cornelius S. Bushuell, 

Lucius Gilbert, John A. Porter, 

Edward T. Sanford, C. B. Rogers, 

Bartholemew Healy, Richard S. Fellowes, 

Eli Whitney, Lucius G. Peck, 

Benjamin S. Bryan, Stephen R. Smith, 

John C. Hollister, Henry E. Pardee, 

John D. Candee, Alexander McAllister, 

David H. Carr, Henry D. White. 

On July Toth, they organized for business under 
the name of " The National Union Committee." 
Headquarters were established in the " Cutler Build- 
ing " on Church street, with William S. Charnley 
chairman. At the same time the following " Recruit- 
ing Committee " was chosen to provide for enlist- 
ments : 

John C. Holhster, 
Henry E. Pardee, 
Samuel Bishop, 
Benjamin S. Bryan, 
Nehemiah D. Sperry, 
Charles W. Elliott, 
Francis Wayland, Jr. 

These gentlemen entered upon their duties at once. 
Daily sessions were held and a majority was in 
constant attendance at headquarters. Jt^ly 12th, they 
issued the following circular : 

"*The citizens of New Haven have decided to 
respond to the call of the President for troops to sus- 
tain the honor of the nation, and have appointed a com- 
mittee, etc. * * * * The Governor has authorized 
that committee to raise and organize a regiment for the 
to-d<n of New Haven. It can be done, and within 30 days! 
Should the war be closed within one year, the pay of 
the soldier will be as follows: 



* Journal and Courier^ July 12 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

State Bounty (paid upon enlistment), . . $50.00 

State Bounty (paid within a j'ear), . . . 30.00 

State Bounty (paid to wife, yearly), . . 72.00 

State Bounty (paid to two children, yearly), . 48.00 

U. S. Bounty (jiaid on enlistment), . . 27.00 

U. S. Bounty (paid end of war), . . . 75.00 

* U. S. monthly pay $12.00, .... 144.00 



$446.00 

f John C. Hollister. 
I Henry E. Pardee, 
I Samuel Bishop, 
RecritittJig Conimitiee. .' Benjamin S. Bryan, 

j Nehemiah D. Sperry, 

C. W. Elliott, 
[ Francis Wayland, Jr. 

It was also determined by this committee that in 
commemoration of that noble son of Conn.f (the first 
Union general slain in the war), the organization 
about to be raised should be called "The Lyon Regi- 
ment." 

All preliminaries being now settled, the work of 
formal volunteering began. The first recorded enlist- 
ments in the regiment were those of Julius Bassett, 
George C. Merriam, Philip C. Rand, and George W. 
Allen, all of Meriden, who signed their names July 
10, and thus formed the nucleus of Company A. Two 
days later a recruiting office was opened in New 
Haven, and the enlistments made at that time, July 
12th, were those of George M. White, William C. 
Burgess and Charles R. Coan. 

July 14th there appeared the first public call 
through the jDress for volunteers to repair to recruit- 
ing offices. Capt. Septimius S. Smith and Capt. F. 
M. Lovejoy were the earliest on the field in this direc- 
tion. The former established his headquarters at 235 
Chapel street (old number), and issued the following 
appeal : 

♦ Later raised to $13.00. 

t Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, killed at \\'ilson's Creek, Mo., August 10, 1861. 




Capt Julius Bassett 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 9 

" Rally Boys ! Rally! at your Country's Call ! This glorious 
Union is the birthright of every one of us ! Shall we not rally in 
its defence! Come on then and lend a hand to put down this 
infamous rebellion, and you can look back from the future with 
patriotic jDride that you have bravely done your whole duty." 

Capt. Lovejoy's quarters were at 301 State street, 
where he solicited enlistments for " The Brownlow 
Rifles." 

Also, on the above date, one Thomas B. Kirby 
opened a recrviiting office at 305 Chapel street for the 
" McClcllan Guards" of the L3'on regiment, and 
Charles P. Brown (afterward adjutant) established 
himself at "Cutler's Corner." 

As indicative of the public spirit of that time, ref- 
erence is here made to a paper preserved among the 
archives of the regiment. It is without date, but 
mention is made of it by the General Committee, 
prior to July 14th, 1862. 

$15,000. 

" We, the undersigned Citizens of New Haven, 
hereby agree to pay the sums of money set against 
our respective names, to be placed at the disposal of 
the National Union Committee of the town of New 
Haven, to be expended in promoting volunteer 
enlistments with the design of raising an entire regi- 
ment in the town of New Haven." Then follows a 
long list of names, whose aggregate subscriptions 
reach nearly eleven thousand dollars. Of this sum, 
Joseph Sheffield and Joseph Sampson, each pledged 
five hundred dollars; Eli Whitney, four hundred dol- 
lars; then came eight gentlemen with two hundred 
fifty dollars each, followed by others in lessening 
amounts to the end. 

As events turned however, this subscription was 
not called for. The pressure for the immediate mus- 
ter of the regiment became so great that the commit- 
tee saw it would involve too much delay, and perhaps 



lo FIFTEEN r II CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

be impossible after all to sectire a thousand volunteers 
within the limits of the town of New Haven, hence 
this feature of the plan was abandoned, and the field 
of enlistment was widened to include the cotinty. 
This was a judicious move. Other counties caught 
the idea, and from that time Connecticut's quota was 
assured. 

Volunteers now began to come in plentifully. 
Recruiting offices were opened wherever suitable loca- 
tions offered, and even tents for this purpose were 
pitched upon "The old Green." Captain John D. 
Wheeler had his headquarters for a time in one of 
these, and on July 15th commenced the formation of 
the "Sigel Rifles." 

Captain Theodore R. Davis established himself in 
the "Collins Building" on Chapel street (Grays' Ar- 
mory) and called loudly for the formation of a second 
company from that famous organization. 

G. F. Peterson also located in a tent on the public 
square and enlisted for the " Hallock Rifles, 15th 
Regiment." 

P. B. Hinsdale opened a room at No. 121 vState 
street and received men for the " 8th Co. Lyon Regi- 
ment." 

Capt. George M. White secured his headcjuarters 
at No. 107 Church street and advertised for the 
" Quinnipiac Rifles." 

Capt. Samuel R. Hubbard appeared for the " New 
Haven Blues," and opened in their armory. 

Thus in all, some eight or ten offices were opened 
in New Haven, and two m Meriden, within five days 
of each other, for the formation of the regiment. 
Before July 15th all were in active operation. The 
Union Committee was kept busy. One of its most 
popular acts about this time (July 14th) was the selec- 
tion of Capt. vSamuel Tolles, of New Haven, as major 
of the command. On July i8th it fixed upon 
"Oyster Point " as the rendezvous of the regiment 




Capt. Theodore R. Davis. 



DEFEASE OF THE UJVIO^. n 

tinder the name of "Camp Lyon," and on July 21st 
named Dexter R. Wright, of Meriden (already ap- 
pointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the 14th Conn, at Hart- 
ford) as Colonel of the regiment. 

The following order was issued in the above con- 
nection: 

Hartford, Conn., July 23, 1862. 
j Special Order (_ 
I No. 254. j 

The 15 th Regiment Conn. Volunteers is 
ordered to rendezvous at New Haven without 
delay. Col. Dexter R. Wright will assume 
command and will be obeyed and respected 
accordingly. 

By order of the Commander-in-Chief, 
J. D. WILLIAMS, 

Adjutant General. 

* A bit of inside history, not perhaps generally 
kno\rn, should be added here. The field officers of 
the various regiments being raised in the New Eng- 
land states under the July call, 1862, were appointed 
in accordance with a recommendation of Gen. B. F. 
Butler, who was of the opinion that the men of a 
different shade of political belief from the dominant 
party (Republican) had not received the full share of 
recognition which they deserved, hence, as the result 
of an arrangement approved by President Lincoln 
and acquiesced in by the chief magistrates of the 
loyal states, (though not by Gov. Andrews, of Massa- 
chusetts, without some reluctance), these regiments 
had their field and staff positions filled mainly by 
"War Democrats." The plan was a judicious one. 
It made the Northern forces not the army of a party 
hvX the army of the Union. 

The first company to reach Camp Lyon was A, of 
Meriden— Capt. Julius Bassett, with 85 men, on July 

* Col. George M. White. 



12 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

23d. The day previous, Capt. vS. S. Smith, Co. C, had 
given a street parade to Fair Haven as a ''recruiting 
exhibit," and on the 24th it followed Capt. Bassett to 
camp with 45 men, but from some failure to provide 
tents and rations the command returned to the city. 
They went down next day and permanently installed 
themselves. Other companies followed in quick 
succession, in just what order is not definitely known. 
The last to arrive was Co. K,* on August 6th. 
This latter company had no recruiting oifice ; it 
was raised mainly in two evenings, August 2d and 
4th, at Wallingford and North Haven, respectively. 

On July 26th, as near as can be estimated, the regi- 
ment was recruited up to half its strength. Two days 
later the Union Committee promoted ]^Iajor Samuel 
Tolles to the Lieut-Colonelcy, and appointed E. Wal- 
ter Osborne, ^lajor, and John C. Kimball, Quarter- 
master. 

Thus closed the month of July. It had been a 
period of intense interest. wSix regiments (14th to 
19th inclusive) were in formation. Stirring appeals by 
press and person reached every corner of the State, 
and the most liberal bounties were offered. Not- 
withstanding this, the progress of enlistments did 
not fully satisfy the authorities and it was not until 
severe measiires appeared imminent that men more 
ftilly realized the desperate need of the government 
and answered the call. 

The month of August opened with 300 men in 
camp. On the second day the}' were mustered into 
the State service. On the 4th the first uniforms 
were issued and the wearers thereof gradually 
began to assume the appearance of soldiers. On the 
7th nearly 800 enlistments had been made, and on the 
12th applications for admission were rejected. The 
complement was complete. 

* Sergt. William R. Mackay is entitled to the credit of first receiWng enlistment 
in this Co. He went to camp with thirty Wallingford men, Aug. 6th. The North 
Haven boys went down Aug. gth. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 13 

'' Guard duty " at Camp Lyon Avhen first established 
was something- to be remembered. The experience of 
our regiment was probably in no ways different from 
a hundred others. Capt. Smith was the first officer to 
mount a guard, and it is related that for the first few 
days it took all of his men to watch Capt. Bassett's 
company, and vice versa. Only a few old State 
muskets were in use about headquarters and the 
"gate." Corporal Griffin recounts how he paced the 
lonely rounds of his beat armed with onl}' a fence 
picket. Many of the boj's carried nothing whatever, 
but if a comrade sought to *' run the guard " chased 
him and if able, collared and marched him back to 
headquarters ; if unable, asked for a pass the next 
morning and started for the city to hunt up the victim. 
Seen from a distance of thirty years, how like a huge 
burlesque "Camp Lyon" appears, and A^et it was 
a serious matter with us then — and our officers. 

The reg'iment first formed " battalion line " Au- 
gust 12th. At that time 960 men had reported for 
duty. Company drills had been regularly held, 
the officers had become somewhat accustomed to 
their swords, guard duty was more strictly enforced, 
and a martial spirit generally prevailed. This was 
not a universal record however. There was more or 
less straggling from camp, so much in fact, that in an 
order of August 9th Col. Wright directed "that 
policemen be detailed at the railroad station (Chapel 
street) to arrest and report such enlisted men as 
attempt to leave the cit}- without a "pass."* 

But lack of space forbids further detail of this 
nature. Studied closely as a whole, no regiment was 
put into the field by the State of Connecticut contain- 
ing so large a percentage of education, morality and 
religion as was embodied in this. It was distinct- 
ively a New Haven county regiment. Its enlistments 
were made without promise of the large bounties so 

* Journal and Courier. 



14 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

generously lavished at a later day, and as a rule its 
morals and discipline were maintained at a minimum 
amount of friction. * The following summary indi- 
cates the localities whence the command came : 

Co. A, from Meriden. 

Co. B, from Xew Haven, North Haven, East Haven 
and Branford. 

Co. C, from Xew Haven. 

Co. D, from New Haven, East Haven and Walling- 
ford. 

Co. E, from New Haven, Enfield, Milford and 
Orange. 

Co. F, from Meriden. 

Co. G, from thirteen different towns in the State. 

Co. H, from Naugatuck and New Haven. 

Co. I, from New Haven. 

Co. K, from Wallingford, North Haven, Northford 
and North Branford. 

Thus the regimental organization was built up. 
But few of the line officers were acquainted with mili- 
tary tactics. Here and there was one in middle life 
who perchance in the old militia "had shouldered 
arms " on the village green f and taken part in " gen- 
eral training." Occasionally might be found one;]; 
who in some military institute had been taught such 
simple evolutions as added variety to the recreation 
of the pupils. Again (as a rarity, however), an 
instance or two of those who had served in the earlier 
regiments, and been temporarily disabled. § These 
were but fractions, however, of the undrilled, undis- 
ciplined mass. 

Yet notwithstanding this, let no one suppose that 
this body of men was wholly ignorant of military 
movements. Providence had had many a lad in train- 
ing in the presidential campaign of i86c, and they 
who marched in the uniformed ranks of the " Wide 

*Capt. George M. White. iJCapt. White of E. 

+ Capt. Stiles of K. S Lieut. Linsley of K. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. i- 

Awakes " of that year, learned a drill that was of 
inestimable service to them and others in the ranks 
of the Union army. 

By August 1 8th the roster was complete, and on 
the 2oth orders were issued to break camp Friday, the 
2 2d. But this order was revoked a few hours later, 
because, as was said in the ranks, the bo3^s had not all 
provided themselves with the "bullet proof vests" 
recommended by the Morning Joi/rnal and Courier as 
excellent safeguards in battle. A corporal * of Co. C 
is responsible for the statement that an agent of "The 
Atwater Armor Co.," then at 336 Chapel street, sold 
over two hundred of these " iron-clad life preservers " 
in one day. It is said that at least fifty per cent of 
the regiment first wore away and then swore awav 
this device. The track of the command from "Wash- 
ington to Arlington Heights was marked by these 
abandoned " armor plates," the largest quantity being 
hurled from Long Bridge into the Potomac when the 
regiment was about to step on "sacred soil," as an 
o.fering to the gods. The balance of the lot, after 
being riidely perforated with bullets at " Camp 
Chase," was ignominioiisly kicked aside, and the 
skeletons probably repose there to this day. 

The closing days of the regiment's tarr}- at New 
Haven were marked by the hurry and feverishness 
incident at such times. Presentations of swords to 
line officers, of horses and equipage to the field, were 
of daily occurrence. All that money could furnish 
was cheerfully otfered to this waiting host. Ouartei'- 
master Kimball. + Adjutant Brown, Col. "Wright, + 
Chaplain Miller.^ Surgeon Holcomb,|| each in turn 
was presented with a magnificent horse by their 
friends. 

♦Griffin. 

+ Presented by the employes of Cook i Co.'s carriage factory. 

t By Hon. Charles Parker of Meriden. 

§ Mainly by the Baptist church of Meriden. 

II Bv Branford men. 



1 6 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEBS. 

On Monday, August 25th, the regiment was mus- 
tered into the United States service by Lieut. Watson 
Webb, U. S. A. On the afternoon of the same day 
the State colors were formally presented by the ladies 
of Meriden. Their representatives on this occasion 
were Misses Ellen Bradley and Mary Brooks. Hon. 
O. H. Piatt was the speaker. No soldier ever forgets 
the occasion, when for the first time the colors of his 
State and of his country are entrusted to his keeping. 
He willingly pledges honor, hand and life for their 
safety and return. 

The town, State and United States bounties were 
ordered paid on the 26th. The last "combination 
knife and spoon," "water filter," "Dr. True's lini- 
ment," "folding cup," were bought, and on the 27th 
marching orders were received for the next day. 
Passes were forbidden, absentees looked up, and the 
force got well in hand. 

An evening jDaper *(extra issue) of August 28th, con- 
tained the following ; 

" The Lyon Regiment left New Haven this after- 
noon about half past 12 o'clock on a train of thirty 
cars drawn by two locomotives. Their leaving was 
not marked by any startling incidents. An immense 
throng of visitors was on the ground to witness their 
departure. The weather, which was stormy in the 
morning, cleared up later in the day, and the Fif- 
teenth " struck their tents like the Arabs " and went 
away, amid sunshine, tears, and hearty good-byes; 
some to victory, some perhaps to die for their coun- 
try. How shall we rejoice if some sunny day in the 
not far off future, we may welcome them back, their 
banners bright with victory, to a State grateful to 
them for noble deeds. The Fifteenth have gone ! 
Our hearts and hopes and prayers go with them. 
Heaven grant them victory." * * * 



* Tlie I'-vening Pallailiu»i. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



17 



New York was reached at 5 o'clock,* the force dis- 
embarking at 42d street. From this point it marched 
down 4th avenue and Broadway to the Battery. The 
entire route was lined with a vast concourse of people, 
it having been published that morning, that New 
Haven County's favorite regiment would pass through 
the city. On the way down a heavy thunderstorm 
swept over the city, but without halting to unloose a 
blanket or tighten a button, the boys swung down 
Broadway in the blinding rain, singing " Glory, Halle- 
lujah " with a volume of sound far above that of the 
warring elements. 

Arriving at the Battery the regiment took a trans- 
port for South Amboy, reaching there about mid- 
night. Thence it was sent by rail to Camden, cross- 
ing over to Philadelphia early Friday morning. 
Here a most generous breakfast was provided by 
" The Union Volunteer Refreshment Committee." 
From Philadelphia to Baltimore the trip was again by 
rail, and an exasperating one it was. We had not 
then learned to "wait." With frequent stoppages, 
forced detentions of one nature and another, the 
entire day was consumed. Many of the boys here 
took their first lesson in raiding peach orchards and 
melon patches. At Havre de Grace a barge load of 
melons barely escaped " sampling," by the cunning of 
the skipper, who confidentially told the boys the fruit 
had purposely been poisoned to kill Yankees. Balti- 
more was reached at sunset. Transportation facili- 
ties here gave out completely, and for lack of a 
better place to spend the night, the command lay 
down on the planks and stone floors of the depot; a 
double guard was posted and the boys slept un- 
troubled in that treacherous city. 

At 7 o'clock next morning the regiment was under 
way to Washington. At the "Relay House" and 

* The transportation bill was $700. 
2 



1 8 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

beyond, it began to catch g-limpses of the outskirts of 
that mighty host of which it had sworn to become a 
part : camps of instruction ; parks of artillery ; end- 
less wagon trains : lines of guards ; earthworks on 
the hills ; acres of tents ; bodies of armed men in 
every direction, gave the Connecticut lads, as it 
did every incoming regiment, an object lesson 
impressive and unexpected. Washington was reached 
at noon. Dinner was provided at the usual quarters, in 
the little low buildings near the railroad depot ; but 
such a meal ! It has been always remembered ; it 
will always be so as long as a 15th veteran lives. Many 
of the boys assert they never ridded themselves of 
the flavor of the soup until they drank the water at 
" Camp Mud." Fredericksburg. Others declare they 
can taste it to the present day. This whole matter of 
subsistence was in the hands of contractors, who long 
made it a reproach to the capital of the nation, 
and an imposition on the thousands of soldiers com- 
pelled to eat there. 

At 4 o'clock p. m. line was formed on Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue and the regiment moved for Arlington 
Heights. The day was intensely hot and the newly 
packed knapsack became intolerably heavy. Close 
marching order was insisted upon within city limits, 
but once upon Long Bridge a route step gave relief 
to the boys. It was at this point, previously referred 
to, that some abandonment of clothing and other 
materials was made. Here also the first " baying of 
the dogs of war" was heard by the boys, the second 
battle of Bull Run being on, and the sound of Pope's 
artillery distinctly audible. 

Forts Jackson and Runyon, with other earthworks 
were passed on the march, and when well up on the 
Heights, the regiment suddenly "filed right" about 
sunset into an old corn-field and halted. Neither 
tents nor rations had come up and • the boys were 
forced to take to the ground supperless. During the 




Lt.-Col. Samuel Tolles, 



DEFENSE OF THE UJYION. 



19 



night it rained heavily but the lads were too weary 
to feel any discomfort. The next morning (Sunday) 
the quartermaster's train arrived, and the day was 
spent in laying out the camp. It was a lively Sunday 
for the New England boys, a goodly portion of whom 
came from Christian homes, and Church and ^Sunday 
school, but who on this occasion showed less desire 
for Chaplain Miller's ministrations than for an oppor- 
tunit}" to pitch their tents and get to housekeeping- at 
''Camp Chase." 



CHAPTER II. 

CAMP CHASE — GUARD DUTY AT LONG BRIDGE AND FORT 

RUNYOX FOUR WEEKS IX WASHINGTON CAMP CASEY 

AT FAIRFAX SEMINARY PICKET DUTY SICKNESS 

DEPARTURE FOR THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC MARCH 

THROUGH MARYLAND ARRIVAL AT ACQUIA CREEK 

MARCH TO FREDERICKSBURG. 

"Camp Chase " was located in a commanding posi- 
tion on a part of the Lee estate in Virginia, and was 
as desirable as an)' portion of the heights for such a 
purpose. East and south the view was magnificent. 
Its close proximit}- to Washington made supplies easy 
to obtain, and constant throngs of ^^sitors added 
attraction to the novel scene. Westward along the 
ridges stretched the complicated network of forts 
and rifle pits connected with the defenses of the 
capital. 

On Monday, Sept. ist. arms were issued to the 
regiment.* (Whitney rifles). These w^eapons were 
lighter than the Springfield pattern and presented a 
handsome appearance. The stocks were finished with 
black walnut, a wood, however, which was afterward 
found to be too soft for this purpose. Each man was 
also provided with one hundred rounds of ammuni- 
tion. Drill in the manual of arms was ordered the 
same day, and Capt. White pithily remarks : '* Before 
night most of the men had learned which end up it 
was safest to hold a musket." 

* HE.\tXjrARTEKS PKOVtStOiCU. BkIGASS, 

Washington, Aug-. 31, iS6s, 

56S 14th St, 

COL- 

You will cause arms to be issued tins eventng to your regiment, and the ammuni- 
tion will be obtained at once on the requisition that was signed for you at this office. 

Respectfully, 

Silas Casev, 

Brig. U. S. A. 



DEFENSE OF THE USJOIT. 21 

The next day came " marching orders to the front." 
Chaplain Miller declared he had not prayed for anv 
such movement, and it is not believed that any of the 
officers had, but before tents could be struck the edict 
was countermanded, and a sense of relief was felt. 
The men were too sensible not to know that they who 
could scarcely handle a ramrod were illy fitted to go 
into action, and yet had the blundering order been 
insisted upon, as in the case of the i6th Conn., they 
would have done their utmost to uphold the honor of 
the old commonwealth. As it was, the command 
" slept upon its arms " that night. On the 3d, McCall's 
division passed camp on the way from the second 
Manassas field to Chain Bridge. Alas, what a revela- 
tion ! Could these blackened, bearded, tattered, be- 
grimed veterans who swooped down upon the slop 
barrels of the cook houses " like a wolf on the fold," 
greedily clutching the contents in their hands and 
cups and ravenously devouring scraps of " soft bread " 
and fresh beef: * could these blackened and in many 
cases wounded men, shoeless, hatless, blanketless, be 
the army of the Union ? Could these officers with dusty 
and battered equipments, scarcely a badge of rank 
discernible, weary and footsore, be their commanders ? 
"Where was all the pomp and panoply of war ? But 
so it was. Humiliating as was the sight, it was none 
other than the torn and broken columns of Pope, 
fresh from the disaster at Bull Run, and now on swift 
march to withstand the invasion of Maryland. 

It is sufficient to say that this incident had a salu- 
tary effect on officers and men. Both sprang to the 
dutv of drill and discipline, not knowing how soon 
the terrible experience of these comrades might be 
repeated in their case. The immediate duty of the 
regiment at this time was the guarding of the Wash- 
ington end of Long Bridge, and the commissary stores 
at Fort Runvon. The fort was a veritable death- 



* Witnessed bv the writer. 



2 2 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

trap. Situated on the great marshes bordering the 
Potomac, it was in the midst of a most foul and fever 
breeding district — the air was filled with poison, and 
on the unacclimated lads of the North it fastened 
with a deadly grip. The ague became prevalent in 
camp, and in a short time numbered its victims by 
the hundred. 

On September 6th, came a second summons to 
march. This time Frederick, Md., was named as the 
objective point. Tents were struck, and the command 
was ready at noon. This order was likewise counter- 
manded and another issued that it should move 
within the city limits of Washington. Accordingly, 
the regiment re-crossed Long Bridge and went into 
camp on an open lot near the unfinished Washington 
Monument, and opposite Gen. Casey's headquarters. 
The limits of this camp were much contracted. The 
duty as before remained at the fort and the bridge, 
whither each company in turn was assigned for twenty- 
four hours. Here the lads sunned themselves under 
the immediate eye of the author of their military 
tactics, and strove to show him they were apt pupils. 
[It dawns upon some of the veterans at this late day 
that probably he never looked at them at all]. A non- 
commissioned officers' drill was established and the 
sergeants and corporals carefully instructed in their 
special duties. 

But other things were in store. White gloves and 
shoe blacking were issued by the officers, and on the 
8th the regiment made its first parade bow to a large 
Washington concourse. Here for the succeeding days 
drill followed drill in rapid succession, and the com- 
mand attained high proficiency. On the i8th, dress 
coats, leggings, regulation hats and shoulder scales 
were issued, and all doubt that the term " Casey's 
pets" was fittingly applied, then vanished. 

These were peaceful days, but not forever to last. 
Suddenly came the order to return to Camp Chase, 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



23 




" CASEv's TET." 



and on the 20th the boys bade good-bye to the cattle 
in the next yard, to the " hole in the ground guard 
house " and to the " Washington pies," 
and got themselves, their plumed 
hats and their shoulder scales back 
to the enemy's soil. 

And now began, in addition to the 
daily duty of the regiment, one 
unceasing round of reviews and 
exhibitions. To be compelled to 
stand for hours in the fierce sun- 
shine on the Potomac flats, two 
and three times weekly, trussed up 
in the toggery mentioned, for the 
edification of some public official, 
did not receive the hearty endorse- 
ment of the boys, yet no effort was 
relaxed to maintain the reputation 
the regiment had already gained, as the best drilled 
command within the defenses of Washington, south 
of the Potomac. 

September 27th, the 15th was made a part of Gen. 
Kane's brigade, and put under light marching orders 
with ten days' rations, and one hundred rounds of 
ammunition per man, but the next day it was detached 
and ordered to remain in camp. The cause for this 
revocation of orders was due to Col. Wright's and 
Surgeon Holcomb's efforts. The regiment had 
just been vaccinated and was unfit to move. 

The first of October found the command still at 
Camp Chase. Enormous forces were moving for a 
fall campaign, and there was an expectation that the 
15th would be ordered out. This feeling grew to be 
a wish, a hope, a prayer, particularly as the month 
went by, and the same debilitating round of duty on 
the Potomac swamps was continued. At one time, 
more than fifty per cent of the force had succumbed 
to these poisonous marshes. Neither officers nor 



24 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT YOIUNTEERS. 

privates were exempt. Malaria, like a nightmare 
settled on the camp, crushing all energy and hope 
out of the men. Fatal as were the vapors of the 
Chickahominy swamps, or deadly even as was the fever 
stricken air of Xew Berne, neither there nor in any 
other place where armies congregated North or South 
can it be said so much constant destruction to the 
square foot lurked in the air, as over those accursed 
Potomac flats. 

A word should be added here concerning the 
guarding of Long Bridge during the period just men- 
tioned. If this duty was disagreeable, it had the ele- 
ment of activity in it and "meant business." It was 
not without its compensation, also, as an •' eve 
opener" to the wiles of human nature. Capt. White, 
in one of his papers, thus writes: 

" Long Bridge was the only route for travel lead- 
ing directly out of Washington into the Southern 
Confederacy. As a school for the study of human 
nature, the station at the Washington end of Long 
Bridge might, in '62, have justly been styled a univer- 
sity. What could not be seen anywhere else in the 
way of subterfuge, double dealing and duplicity, 
could be found there. The first time the 15th C. V. 
ever saw quinine put up in the form of a bologna 
sausage, was there. The first time it ever saw a veri- 
table wooden coffin, ostensibly designed for a Dutch 
colonel, dead, but in reality filled with bottled Rhine 
wine and lager for a Dutch sutler, living, was there. 
And there, it will be remembered, as company after 
company occupied the sumptuous quarters provided 
at the sacred end of the bridge, the regiment was first 
initiated into the never-to-be-forgotten luxury of 
*' scratching itself to sleep; " and it was while on this 
duty, too, that the regiment encountered for the first 
time that mysterious and delectable compound, 
quinine and whisky. Officers and men, with few 
exceptions, faced this last named ordeal with the for- 



BEFEXSE OF THE U^'IOX. ,5 

titude of regnlars. The few who preferred their 
quinine plain, were granted the indulgence; but the 
larger few who preferred their whisky plain, were 
not so fortunate. It was an axiom with Surgeon Hol- 
comb that quinine and whisky mix^d, as a dose, was 
non-cumulative in the system, and therefore perfectly 
safe, whereas if the two were given separately, the 
quinine was extremely liable to accumulate, — in the 
soldier s pocket. 

It was the duty of the guard to submit everything 
to the most rigid inspection. Passes were carefully 
scrutinized, and frequently their bearers, man or 
woman, searched. Day and night, in either direction, 
soldiers. oflScers. teamsters, sutlers, civilians, courte- 
sans, contractors. negToes on foot, mounted, in 
vehicles, poured in a ceaseless tide along this artery. 
Watchfulness could not be over-estimated, and vigi- 
lance was never relaxed. River patrol boats were 
added to its guard between sunset and sunrise, lest 
some wily foe should attempt its destruction by 
explosion. The subsistence and safety of the army 
of Virginia largely depended upon its existence. 

On the 2d of October the regiment was con- 
solidated with the 12th Xew Hampshire, 147th New 
York and 157th Pennsylvania, under the name of the 
'* First Provisional Brigade for the Defense of Wash- 
ington," Col. D. R. Wright, commanding. At this 
juncture Lieut. Penrose, of the regnilar army, was 
assigned to the brigade as its instructor, and neither 
officers nor men under his tuition found many idle 
moments. The following schedule shows the routine 
of the camp at this time : 

DAILY DUTY.* 
A. M. 

Reveille. 6.00. 
Surgeon's call, 6.15. 
Squad drill, 6.15 to 7.15. 



* From the original, made by Lieut. Edwin ^V. Bishop. 



2 6 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Breakfast, 7.15. 
Guard mount, 8.00. 
Officers' drill, 8.30 to 9.30. 
Company drill, 9.30 to 11.00. 

M. 

• ist Serg-eant's call, 12.00. 
Dinner, 12.00. 

p. -M. 

Inspection quarters, i.oo. 

Battalion drill, 2.00 to 4.00. 

Dress parade, 5.30. 

Supper, 6.00. 

Officers' meeting, 7.30. 

Tattoo, 9.00. 

Taps, 9.30. 
The regiment was treated to its first real surprise 
on the night of the 8th of October. An alarm was 
given a little after midnight, the first time the "long 
roll " had been beaten in camp. The response was a 
marvel to even the old soldiers. Co. K was first in 
line on the parade ground, and answering to roll-call 
in three minutes; the other companies were close 
behind it. The battalion was held an hour or more 
and dismissed.* 

On the first of November orders were issued to 
move to Fairfax Seminary, Va., a point about six 
miles down the river and back of Alexandria. Co. I 
was sent forward next day to lay out the camp. The 
change was gladly welcomed. The feeling was uni- 
versal that Connecticut had done her share and more 
of police duty at the capital of the nation. The regi- 
ment broke camp on the 3d. Company K being on 
guard at Long Bridge, was recalled at noon, and it 
was currently reported that when the latter left 
"guard quarters," the rats in and about the old build- 
ings stood on their hind legs in line at "attention" 

* It was afterwards learned that this alarm came near being the cause of a court 
martial. 




A Soldier of the Union. 

[From a Fhoto. in I862.J 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



27 



as the boys filed by. The march was a short one, 
and Fairfax Seminary was reached at 6 p. m. Sibley 
tents were pitched ready for occupancy. 

The weather had suddenly grown cold, and the 
sharp wind nipped the lightly clad warriors bitterly. 
Straw was liberally provided and all hands burrowed 
in it like so many pigs. The 15th was here brigaded 
with the 13th New Hampshire, 12th Rhode Island 
and 25th and 27th New Jersey, under the command of 
Acting Brigadier-Gen. D. R. Wright. Hardly had 
the force got settled before a large detail was ordered 
on fatigue duty near Ford Ward. This was not satis- 
factory to men who supposed they had turned their 
backs on police duty at Washington. Fortunately 
the order covered but two days. 

The continued severe weather began to add num- 
bers to the sick list. Within a week of the regiment's 
arrival at Camp Casey, or on the morning of the 7th, 
only 450 men were reported fit for duty.* On the 8th 
a supply of small sheet iron stoves was secured and 
issued, one stove for each tent.f 

The layout of "Camp Casey," at Fairfax, was on 
high ground about a hundred rods south of the Semi- 
nary, and a mile and a half west of Alexandria. A 
long row of dilapidated buildings served as quarters 
for the officers. Some of these tenements were con- 
verted into hospitals made necessary by the alarm- 
inglv large sick list. It was hoped that with the 
change of base and advent of winter the health 
of the regiment would improve. Such was not the 
case however, at least while there. On the contrary, 
the death rate rose surprisingly. Malarial and typhoid 
fever were the prevailing diseases which the skill of 
the surgeons failed to overcome. The first victim to 
fall here was Coan of E, followed by his comrade, 



♦Thorpe's Diary. 

+ The struggle of the sergeants to get their requisitions filled that breezy afternoon 
will be long remembered. 



28 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Sperry, then by Roberts, of A, Tallmadge and Keat- 
ing-^ of D ; Boyland, of H ; vSmith, of I ; Bassett, the 
two Linsley brothers, Munson, Foote and Ives, of K. 
*Flynn, of H ; and Tallmadg-e, of A, had died at Camp 
Chase. The month of November was phenomenally 
cold. On the 7th a storm raged closing up at night with 
four inches of snow on the ground and an icy crust. 
Rains were frequent, usually occurring while the force 
was on picket some four miles southwest from camp. 
This picket duty was the main employment. The regi- 
ment was kept on an inner line of the defenses of Wash- 
ington, reaching from a point on the Potomac four 
miles above Chain Bridge to a place called Snowdens, 
on the same river, two miles below the Accotinck turn- 
pike. The section covered by Col. Wright's brigade 
was four miles in length. The 15th Connecticut 
patrolled one quarter of this distance.! The "Grand 
Guard" contained a little over 400 luen (usually taken 
from two regiments) who carried two days' rations. 
These "excursions " as they came to be called, offered 
some opportunity for foraging. The region was thinly 
settled and the isolated families were compelled to 
keep an unusually vigilant watch over their dairies 
and chicken coops. 

Thanksgiving (Nov. 27) was not allowed to pass 
unobserved. Scores of boxes filled with New England 
delicacies from New England homes arrived in ample 
season, and the time-honored institution was kept in 
an orthodox manner. What if the sutler did miss a 
fine ham or two ? What if the commissary lost a sus- 
picious looking willow basket ? What if all the cows 



* Buried at Camp on Arlington Heights, Oct. i6. 

+ As a matter of fact this guard consisted of 472 men divided into four " supports." 
Each support was made up of one Captain, three Lieutenants, si.x sergeants, nine cor- 
porals and ninety-nine privates, all from the same regiment. These supports were 
further divided in three "reliefs" of 39 men, consisting of one lieutenant, two ser- 
geants, three corporals and thirty-three privates. Each support covered eleven 
" posts," and each post had three men on it. The posts were one hundred sixty 
yards apart. The " reserves " lay some distance in the rear and the front was covered 
by cavalry scouts up to the Confederate lines. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 29 

within three miles of camp were milked the night 
previous? What if Alexandria contributed its quota 
of long-necked bottles to the occasion ? What if there 
was much visiting, and jollification and hilarity and 
good cheer ? What if the guard house was taxed for 
"beds" before morning? was it not Thanksgiving? 
Besides, though unknown to the lads at the time, this 
event was about to close their career as "Casey's 
pets." 

On the 30th, while a part of the force was on picket, 
an order was received detaching the regiment from fur- 
ther duty within the defenses of Washington and 
commanding that it assemble at Acquia Creek, Va., 
within seven days. A courier was dispatched to the 
front and the guard brought in. This was on Sunday 
evening. The next day shelter tents were issued, 
five days' rations cooked, knapsacks packed, and at 
2 p. m. the regiment filed out toward Washington, 
crossed Long Bridge and turned southward through 
Maryland. Fifteen miles were covered before a halt 
was ordered for the night. The second day's march 
brought them to Chatham; the third, to near Piscata- 
quay; the fourth, to Port Tobacco, and the fifth, to 
Liverpool Point. The last march was particularly 
severe. Snow fell the entire day to the depth of 
eight inches, and a more weary, bespattered, and 
thoroughly chilled armed body than was the 15th 
that night, never lay down. The next morning the 
march was resumed and the Potomac reached in 
a short time. Here a number of old and leaky 
barges served as ferryboats on which the command 
was crossed to the Virginia side, and went into camp 
on the hills back of Accpiia Creek. 

As the boys looked on each other and themselves, 
at the close of the week's march, there wasn't the 
least doubt that their prayer for a "change" had 
been answered.' Their outward appearance indicated 
it and their language endorsed it; so much of rain, 



3° 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEIiS. 



snow, cold, mud and discomfort they had never known 
before, and did not experience again in all their cam- 
paigns. More men deserted on this march than at 
any other time in the history of the regiment. The 
following list* compiled from official sources enu- 
merates the "missing" between Washington and 
Acquia Creek : 

A. Dickinson. 

B. Hertzbach. 

C. Davis, Keith, Sperry, McGuire. 

D. Balbeeue. 

E. Cahill. 

F. Dunham, Kirtland. 

G. Dot)'', Buckley. 
I. Merrifield. 

K. Bullard. 

The day following (Sunday) the sun came out, 
but the snow still lay heavily on the ground and the 
wind was piercing. The bivouac had been made in a 
pine grove and huge fires were kindled to "dry out " 
the boys. On Monday about thirty of the hundred 
convalescents left at Camp Casey obtained transpor- 
tation at Alexandria for Acquia Creek on an old 
canal boat towed behind a steamer. They reached 
the Creek late at night, and, unable to find the regi- 
ment, lay down supperless in their blankets in the 
snow. The next morning a union was effected. 

Tuesda}', Dec. 9th, opened warm and smoky. The 
" cold wave " had subsided and the snow gave way to 
a sea of mud. Molasses f was here drawn as a ration 
for the first time. Before it could be used, however, 
the order came to fall in, and the column headed 
westward. A short march of six miles was made and 
a halt ordered for the night. No one seemed in a 
hurry, and no one except the commanding officer 

* Returns to Col. Tolles. 

+ Mosher of Co. C notes it as significant that always afterward when molasses 
was issued, marching orders quickly followed. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 31 

knew the destination of the regiment. This knowl- 
edge was not conveyed even to him tmtil the morn- 
ing of the 9th, and was as follows : 

U. vS. Military Telegraph, 

From Headquarters Army of the Potomac. 
To Col. Wright, 

Commanding 3d Brigade, Acqaia Creek, Va. 

You will march at once with your whole command, taking the 

road to Falmouth, and report to Maj. Gen. Sumner, sending an 

aide forward for instructions with a list of your regiments and the 

strength of your commands. 

A. E. BURNSIDE, 

Maj. Gen. Commanding 

Army of Potomac. 

The next morning the march was leisurely re- 
sumed, and by noon it was unnecessary to inquire 
further the object of the expedition. It was apparent 
a great struggle was about to open. Through inter- 
minable thousands of infantry, cavalry, artillery, 
wagon trains, and all the baggage of war, the regi- 
ment was pushed until well up toward the front. 
Here it halted about 3 o'clock in the afternoon, a 
couple of miles or more from the Rappahannock river, 
and directly opposite the city of Fredericksburg. 



CHAPTER III. 



FREDERICKSBURG. 




9TH ARMY CORPS BADGE. 



The first order issued after arrival at Fredericks- 
burg was that brigading the 15th with the 8th, nth, 
i6th, 2ist Conn., and 4th R. I., under the command of 
Col. Harland, and known as the 2d 
Brigade, 3d Division, 9th Army 
Corps, in Sumner's Right Grand 
Division. 

It was not far from 3 o'clock, as 
said, when the regiment reached its 
position. Rations were issued and 
the men prepared to make them- 
selves comfortable for the night. 
But little attention was paid to the 
alignment of the camp as it was understood its loca- 
tion was but temporary. The weather was warm. 

Between three and four o'clock on the next morn- 
ing (Dec. nth) the attack on the city began. Gen. 
Hunt opened with his artillery to dislodge the sharp- 
shooters. The first discharge brought the 15th to its 
feet with a bound, its ears being unaccustomed to the 
music of such " dogs of war." 

Later it was served with 80 rounds of ammunition 
per man, and called to arms at 8 a. m. Like the most 
of the army that day, it lay in a state of expectancy, 
listening to the incessant artillery fire. About 4 p. m. 
dress parade was ordered, and it filed out upon a large 
plain, from which shells could be distinctly seen 
bursting over the distant city. Here Col. Wright 
made a brief address to the troops, alleging his inabil- 
ity to accompany them and turned the command 
temporarily over to Lieut. Col. Tolles. 



kx It lil i^,'5a*.v>. 1 1 , ^ ^. *iJr 



OP 




DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 33 

On the morning- of the 12th it was again under 
arms, and at 8 o'clock set out for the field. Gen. Har- 
land's instructions were to cross at the middle pon- 
toon bridge. Nearly two hours were consumed in 
reaching this point, which was nearly opposite the 
city, and a few rods below the piers of the burned 
railroad bridge. Thus it was 10 o'clock when the 
brigade halted on the heights in an old sunken road 
leading to the river. A dense pall of fog and smoke 
from burning buildings hung over the city and 
obscured the heights beyond. Neither of the armies 
could see each other, and under its cover, Sumner on 
the right, and Franklin on the left, crossed the river 
and pushed into position. About three o'clock the fog 
lifted, uncovering the Confederate lines on Maryes 
Heights. At this hour Gen. Harland's brigade 
stretched like an immense blue ribbon from the river 
up the slope to the summit of the ridge behind, wait- 
ing its turn to cross on the centre pontoon bridge. It 
was in plain view of the rebel batteries and a most 
conspicuous target. The opportunity was not wasted 
by the "Johnnies." A battery quickly opened on the 
column and the 15th received its first compliments 
from the Confederacy in the form of a percussion 
shell which struck in Co. B, wounding three men, * 
one mortally. Other shots followed in rapid succes- 
sion. The point whence they came was watched 
with a good deal of interest, not unminglcd with 
considerable anxiety. Happily no others were 
injured, and the column was withdrawn a little out of 
range. Meanwhile this little diversion of the rebel 
gunners had not been allowed to pass unnoticed by the 
Union artillery. A battery of 20 pounders returned the 
fire and a long range duel was continued until sunset. 

At dusk the brigade started again for the river. 
The way was now clear and crossing as contemplated, 



♦ Thompson, Breen and Pardee. The former died and was carried across into the 
city and buried in a garden. Later his body was removed under a flag of truce. 



34 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 



it entered the eity a few rods below the old stone 
church, and lay in the main street during the night. 
Here nothing was lacking to add to the destruction 
of war. Many of the rebel dead la}" where they fell 
in the streets, in the gardens — in the yards of the 
houses. The houses themselves, riddled with shot, or 
opened by exploding shell, blackened and burned, 
looked an^^thing but inviting and home-like. Trees 
were broken, fences destroyed, the streets torn by 
shells. Where was the city's population ? With the 
exception of a few blacks and an occasional family in 
the extreme northern part, the inhabitants had sud- 
denly fled, leaving in many cases their household gods 
and goods to the mercies of the invaders. The usual 
scenes of an abandoned city followed as a matter of 
course. 

It was "an eye for an eye." From many of those 
now riddled and dismantled dwellings and from every 
hiding place the rebel sharp-shooters had for hours 
baffled all attempts to cross the river. This was their 
right to do. It was legitimate warfare, but it brought 
the bombardment and sacking of the city on their 
heads as the natural result. 

At four o'clock next morning, December 13, the 
men were aroused. There was no beating of the 
reveille. It was still dark and very quiet. Rations 
of raw salt pork and hard bread were distributed. 
Fires were forbidden, and consequently, there was no 
coffee. Soon after daylight a stir of the forces in the 
city was apparent and at 8 o'clock the attack began. 
It was not known at the time that the 15th was among 
the reserves, consequently there was a general air of 
expectation — among the men at least, that this large 
and well eqiiipped regiment would be among the first 
to be ordered up. Such was not the case. The bri- 
gade was massed upon the bank of the river below the 
city, where it remained during the day. It was a 
"safe and happy shelter" for the men. Directly in 



DEFENSE OF THE UXION. .5 

the rear of the city and less than a mile distant, death 
in its most horrid form strode conqueror the en- 
tire day long — all the noise of the field was dis- 
tinctly audible — the incessant rattle of the rifles, 
rising at times to a continued roar, the shouts of the 
charging columns, the spiteful crack of the light bat- 
teries, the screaming missiles in the air, and over all 
the terrible thunder of the heavy guns upon either 
heights made it a day second only to Gettysburg. 

It was while lying in this position that many of 
the brigade were disabled by the Union guns. A 
New York battery — Benjamin's — was using defec- 
tive ammunition, with the result that the shells 
exploded directly over the reserves. A few were 
killed and a number wounded. The 15th, however, 
escaped injtiry. 

Suddenly, toward nightfall, the conflict seemed to 
increase in intensity. There was a hurried call to 
arms at 4 o'clock, and in a fe;v moments the brigade 
was under way for the field. It had scarcely cleared 
the streets of the city and deployed in line of battle 
before it came under fire. There was a swift advance 
through a field, then over a stream and across a 
meadow to the cover a slight rise of ground afforded. 
Here the line halted and dressed; a few were wounded; 
but ten seconds later such a storm of lead and iron 
broke over the swamp just crossed as would have 
decimated any force there. 

As this was the position indicated for the brigade 
to occupy, it stacked its arms, spread its blankets and 
lay down. Comrades will recall on that eventful 
night, the anxiety of their young adjutant passing 
down the rear of the line entreating the companies 
by turn with a good deal of fervor to " keep quiet." 

By this time the firing had nearly ceased, but. O, 
what a day of slaughter it had been. Says Palfry: 
"The short winter's day came to an end. Fifteen 
thousand men lav dead or wounded along the banks 



36 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

of the Rappahannock and the Army of the Potomac 
was no nearer Richmond than it was when the sun 
rose. * * * The Federals had had a day of hard 
and hopeless effort and they had nothing to cheer 
them but the consciousness of duty nobly done." 

The night was quiet. Neither side maneuvered for 
advantage. The dead and wounded were quietly 
removed. An occasional rifle shot cracked out on the 
picket line, but both combatants were too wearied to 
harass each other to any extent. 

The i5th's haversacks were empty, and at early 
dawn a detail was sent back to the city for rations 
and stragglers. A number of the latter were picked 
up in the streets and under guard were made to " tote " 
the boxes of hard bread up to their comrades. It was 
in vain that these skedaddling warriors protested they 
were lost from the regiment the night previous, and 
equally discredited by the officer of the detail was a 
cotnrade's explanation that as it was vSunday morning 
he had gone in to attend Church. 

It was, in truth, Sunday morning, December 14th. 
The scanty rations were eaten long before sunrise, 
and at that hour the brigade was ordered back into 
the city. Six, seven, eight o'clock passed, and under 
cover of the buildings a large force was seen 
concentrating. In all the streets ranks of men 
were quietly assembling. Presently the rumor ran 
down the line that Gen. Burnside in person would 
lead a storming column of eighteen picked regiments 
of the 9th corps, of which the 15th Conn, was to be one. 
The assault was ordered at 9 o'clock. Final instruc- 
tions were issued for this event; the "suddenly indis- 
posed " were weeded out — belts were tightened — bay- 
onets fixed — caps removed from guns — messages given 
to those remaining behind, and the armed host stood 
grim and silent ready for the command to march. 
Luckily such order was not given; had it been, the 
human wave would have dashed just as fruitlessly 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



37 



against the enemy's works as did its comrades the 
day before. 

For two long hours the forces stood in line in that 
state of expectancy which only they know who have 
had a like terrible duty assigned them. 

Between lo and ii o'clock the order was given to 
break ranks, coupled with the announcement the 
attack was abandoned. The regiment remained in 
the city during the day. Occasionally an artillery 
duel at long range would break out for a few miniates, 
and once or twice the picket lines got somewhat 
angry, but on the whole it was a quiet Sunday. Both 
forces were resting on their arms. 

The next morning found the brigade still in the 
city. There was heavy cannonading on the right and 
left during the day, with an occasional demonstration 
in the centre, but no infantry advance. It became 
clear to the union officers that Gen. Lee did not 
intend to assume the offensive. This left but one 
recourse to the union army ; retreat ! There was 
considerable moving by Gen. Burnside of his men in 
the face of the enemy during the day, as if maneu- 
vering for attack. The picket lines were sharply 
maintained and every evidence manifested of an 
impending advance. This belief was also general 
among the men. 

The night came on cloudy, foggy and exceeding 
dark. At lo o'clock the regiment which had stretched 
itself asleep in the street was quietly aroused 
and without so much as a click of a buckle, led out of 
the city to the front. Here the picket fires burned 
dim through the fog and the two lines uneasily 
watched each other. On the part of the 15th a night 
attack was expected. The actual fact was that Gen. 
Burnside was retreating. Toward every crossing col- 
umns of men were silently streaming in the most or- 
derly manner. Not a command was given except to 
^' follow your leader." The pontoon bridges had been 



38 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

carefully muffled with hay and dirt, and every precau- 
tion taken to pass the army over qiiickly and noiseless- 
ly. The 15th remained at the front (now the rear) to 
cover the retreat. It was among the very last of the 
regiments to leave the city, and crossed the river 
not far from two o'clock in the morning. It 
proceeded at once to its old camp ground, 
reaching that jolly locality in the midst of a heavy 
rain about an hour later. Not a tent was standing on 
arrival. Every effect had been packed to go forward 
on the "advance to Richmond." There was nothing 
for the defeated soldier to do but select the softest (?) 
place in the mud, wrap the " drapery " of his blanket 
about him and lie down to be beaten by the pitiless 
storm. Fortunately the weather was mild and he 
slept like a veteran. 

Thus terminated a disastrous campaign, but it had 
been the means of "seasoning" the 15th Conn. The 
next morning the tents were returned, company 
streets were marked out, and in a surprisingly short 
time the camp again took on a martial appearance. 

The following brief report appeared in the public 
press * at that time. 

THE LYON REGIMENT. 

Headquarters 15tli Regiment, C. Y., 
2d Brigade, 3d Division, 9th Army Corps, 

Army op Potomac, Dec. 17, 1862. 

Sir: — In compliance with orders, I have the honor to transmit 
the following account of the operations of my command in the 
battle at Fredericksburg, together with the names of those killed 
and wounded during the engagement. In obedience to General 
Orders No. 34, dated December 10, my command formed in their 
camping ground at S a. m., Dec. 11, and remained under arms 
during the day and succeeding night. On the following day, at 8 
a. m. they took up the line of march, left in front, and proceeded 
to the pontoon bridge, on the Rappahannock, where they 
remained during the day ; towards night they marched over the 

* Journal and Courier. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 39 

bridge into the city of Fredericksburg, and remained under arms 
during the night. On the following morning they marched, left 
in front, to the flat on the south shore of the, river, where they 
formed in battalion masses and remained during the day under 
arms. At 4% o'clock p. m. they took the line of march and 
formed in line of battle under the brow of the hill, in the rear of 
the " Slaughter House," a little to the right, where they lay upon 
their arms until the next morning, when they marched back to the 
city, and remained under arms during that day and night and 
succeeding day. At night they again formed in line of battle on 
the plain, to the right of the '• Slaughter House," and after 
remaining under arms some two hours were, at about 10 o'clock, 
ordered back to camp. 

Two companies, " A " and " F," were detached on the night of 
the 13th to support the nth C. V., on picket duty. Two com- 
panies, " D " and " I," were also detailed on the night of the 15th 
inst . for fatigue duty at the pontoon bridge.* 

The casualties during the engagement were as follows, viz. : 
Co. A, Henry Warnock, minnie ball through the hand. Co. B, 
J. B Thompson, mortally wounded in the head by a shell, since 
died ; James Breen, wounded by a shell, leg amputated ; William 
Pardee, wounded in the ankle, severely. Co. C, Corp. Chas. 
Galpin, wounded in the head and shoulder, severely. Co. E. 
Thomas Stenson wounded in the leg, severely ; Michael Buckley, 
wounded in the hip, severe contusion; Orrin Beers, wounded in 
the thumb. Co. I, Thomas Owens, wounded in the head by our 
own battery on Stafford Heights, not dangerously; Surgeon H. 
V. C. Holcombe, wounded in the head, not seriously. 

In closing my report, I deem it justice to Col. Wright to say 
that, though not able to take command of his battalion on account 
of severe injuries previously received, yet he was present when- 
ever the state of his health would permit, in aiding me and in 
cheering and encouraging the men. 

Very respectfully your obedient servant. 

[Signed] SAMUEL TOLLES, 

Lieut. -Colonel Comd'g 15th C. V." 



* Company H was detailed to assist in burying the dead after the battle. Corp. 
H. C. Baldwin reports that they buried 400 Union soldiers in one trench, and that 
most of these bodies were stripped of everything but underclothes. The Confederate 
authorities ordered them to bury the dead horses, which they very properly refused to 
do. On leaving the field our boys struck up " John Brown's Body," etc. Gen. 

Barksdale rode up and commanded that the "d d Yankee song be stopped, or 

somebody would get shot." 



40 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

The two succeedino- days were spent in preparing 
reports, cleaning clothes, polishing equipments, 
policing the grounds and generally settling things. 
On the 1 8th, attractive and interesting exercises were 
held in the brigade, which one of the veterans 
* thus describes: " December i8. To-day preparations 
were made for mounting some of the members of the 
different regiments of the brigade. The men selected 
to ride not being experienced horsemen, had the pre- 
caution when mounted to have placed a strong rope 
around each ankle, and fastened to a tent pin driven 
in the ground. The 'horses' were the hardiest and 
tallest used m the service, some standing at least lo 
feet high and correspondingly strong. Owing to the 
scarcity of these horses, in some cases iive and six 
riders were mounted on the same animal (?) Such a 
spectacle did not fail to engross the attention of the 
less favored soldiery, but as these mounted men 
evinced more or less aversion to converse with their 
comrades as to the reason of their attitude, their 
commander had thoughtfully hung upon them large 
printed cards, bearing in heavy letters such legends 
as these : 

Deserter. I am a coward. 

I ran away. I skulked. 

Thief. Etc., etc." 

All these little attentions were showered on these 
men to attest the appreciation their officers had of 
their courage and usefulness during the late battle. 
The first dress parade after the return was held on 
the 19th. On the 21st, the regiment was on picket on 
the Rappahannock, in front of the city. The citizens 
had returned to their homes, and the Confederate 
lines were brought again to the waters' edge. Con- 
siderable chaffing and some trading in coffee and 
tobacco were done across the stream. (Members of 

♦Griffin of C. 




Military Discipline. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 41 

Co. C will remember with pleasure the army mule 
who waltzed around on their sleeping forms in the 
shed that night). 

On the 24th, a review of the 9th Corps by Gens. 
Burnside and Sumner took place on the plain, near 
the Lacy House. 

Christmas came warm and serene, a surprise even 
to the citizens of that latitude. Many private boxes 
reached the camp in season, and these, with a special 
issue of fresh beef and vegetables, made the occasion 
an enjoyable one. The night was clear and the moon 
at its full. It was no hour for strife or bitterness. 
Where bvit a few days before the hot muzzles of a 
hundred and more cannon on each side had hurled 
death across the narrow valley, now stood various 
military bands playing the old time tunes of the 
Union to the listening thousands of soldiers. As the 
night wore along, the musical selections on both sides 
shaded off to "The Girl I Left Behind Me," and 
finally as if by a common impulse, the strains of 
"Home, Sweet Home" broke out right, left and 
centre from friend and foe, till the air was tremulous 
with melody. 

The New Year opened with the armies still con- 
fronting each other. Something of excitement had 
prevailed in the regiment during the last days of 
December, when three days' rations were ordered 
cooked, coupled with the admonition to be ready to 
march at a moment's notice. However, no move fol- 
lowed. On January 6th, Gen. Burnside reviewed the 
9th Army Corps. The weather now began to grow 
cold and storms were frequent. Huts were built in 
the hillside, with fire-places and mud chimneys. 
Wood and water were in the greatest demand. 

The former had to be "toted" something more 
than a mile on the men's shoulders, and the latter in 
any fit condition was impossible to find. " Springs " 
were opened here and there, but the surface drainage 



42 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

with every storm flowed into them, laden with the 
accumulating- poison of a camp. Whiskey rations 
were issued as an antidote, but not even the hottest 
"brand" of that liquor ever distilled could get the 
best of the water at Fredericksburg. There was but 
one thing viler; the soup served at the Washington 
Railroad depot in 1862. 

These discomforts soon affected the health of the 
regiment. Both ol^cers and men began to give way 
until the illness nearly equaled that of Fairfax Sem- 
inary. Typhoid fever was the prevailing disease. 
Jan. 20th, general orders were read at dress parade 
at the head of every regiment of Gen. Burnside's 
cominand, announcing an immediate movement of the 
Army of the Potomac. The 15th was under marching- 
orders at 2 a. m. the next morning. But as at that 
hour a heavy rain was falling, the order was counter- 
manded, and later it went on picket at the front. 
The two succeeding- days, rain fell incessantly, but 
notwithstanding this, Burnside began his second 
attempt to cross the river and troops were moving 
aimlessly in all directions. No pen as yet has been 
able to describe the inextricable snarl and confusion 
attendant on this move. The vocabulary has not been 
coined in which to express it. Pontoons, artillery, 
cavalry, infantry, wagon trains, became hopelessly 
swamped and unable to move. Said a sergeant not 
long afterwards, " Heaven muttered at the deed and 
sent an angel to stop it." If so, then that "angel" 
was Mud, mud in supreme condition, with unlimited 
capital and anxious for business. It was mud that 
checked the movement — mud that saved thousands 
of lives, and mud that spared the Army of the 
Potomac another crushing defeat. On the 23d, the 
advance (?) was recalled and the sun shone 
brightly the saine day. No regrets were felt at the 
failure of the enterprise, neither was any mortification 
experienced by the regiment when, shortly after, out 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 43 

on picket, they read this announcement in broad 
letters on a board within the enemy's lines, " Burn- 
side stuck in the mud." 

This excitement over, the boys again turned atten- 
tion to strengthening their winter quarters. On the 
28th, a violent snow-storm set in, but such good pro- 
vision had been made in " stockading " the tents that 
although a foot or more fell on a level, no serious dis- 
comfort was felt. The day following, the regiment 
was mustered for two months' pay which further 
assisted it to bear the rigors of the Virginia winter. 



CHAPTER IV. 



DEPARTURE FROM FREDERICKSBURG NEWPORT NEWS 

SIEGE OF SUFFOLK EDENTON ROAD THE PROVI- 
DENCE CHURCH ROAD SKIRMISH DEPARTURE FROM 

SUFFOLK. 

With the miscarriage of Burnside's last plan to 
reach Richmond came a change of base of the Army 
of the Potomac. On the 5th of February the brigade 
received marching orders, and the next day took the 
cars for Acquia Creek. Transports were in waiting, 
and being safely disposed on board the steamer John 
Brooks, the regiment bore away down the river for 
Newport News, on the 7th. This beautiful spot was 
reached on the afternoon of the 8th (Sunday). Here, 
large and roomy barracks received the regiment. 
The change was a welcome one. Two months at 
"Camp Mud," with its fetid water, its insufficient 
rations, its damp and narrow accommodations like 
graves on a hillside, had taken the ''sand" out of 
many a lad and laid him in the hospital. But 
coming into wholesome quarters, with ample light 
and air, and more than all, plentiful rations, coupled 
with such change of diet as the sea afforded, the men 
rallied speedily and the whole force early regained its 
old prestige. 

A stay of four weeks was made at Newport News.* 
Many of the officers took short furlou^;hs. Communi- . 
cation with the North was uninterrupted, and " Capt. 
Hinsdale's express " brought many a reminder of 
New England hospitality into camp. Excursions to 
Fortress Monroe and other points were frequent. 
Duty was light and mainly confined to battalion and 

* Col. Wright resigned the command of the regiment at this point, Feb. 13th. 




Major Eli W. Osborne. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



45 



brigade drill, with an occasional review. Rations 
of fresh beef, soft bread and vegetables were issued. 
Altogether it was a rest worthy of remembrance. 

On March 13th orders were issued to break camp 
and repair on board a waiting transport. The regi- 
ment embarked about 4 o'clock in the afternoon and 
arrived at Norfolk late in the evening. All hands 
remained on board until 2 o'clock a. m., when they 
were ordered ashore and spent the remainder of the 
night on the sidewalks of the city. Transportation 
by rail was secured for Suffolk, Va., and at noon the 
command was set down in the latter village.* Camp 
was established a short distance west of the town, 
near the Nansemond river. The arrival was none too 
early, for scarcely were the tents pitched before a 
violent storm set in, and on the morning of the 21st 
there was a foot of snow on the ground. It was here 
that the regiment, by an enforced companionship 
with the pickaxe and shovel, became very well 
acquainted with the use of the same. The reasons 
for this severe fatigue duty became apparent when 
the sound of Longstreet's cannon on April loth 
announced his arrival before the city. It was then 
conceded that not a shovel too much of earth had 
been thrown up. Gen. Peck was in command of the 
Union forces. Gen. Longstreet in his efforts to force 
a passage held vSuffolk as in a vise. From the hour of 
his investment of the place until his departure on 
May 4th, both armies lay on their arms, so to speak. 
The Union lines were fairly well intrenched along the 
right bank of the river. Both forces lay within easy 
cannon shot of each other, and sorties, reconnoissances 
and skirmishes allowed neither side any rest. It was 
the most arduous campaigning so far that the 15th 
had done. On the 17th, the 22d Conn, arrived 
among other reinforcements. Gens. Halleck and Dix 



* Boys, do you remember the hot coffee the i66th Penn. furnished us on our 
arrival at that place ? 



46 I'lFTIlENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

came a day or two later, and at a council of war it 
was seen that the situation should be held at all 
hazards. Frequent demonstrations were ordered by 
the Union commanders to impress the enemy with a 
sense of the streng-th of the defenses. A couple of 
gunboats came up the Nansemond and took part in 
shelling' the woods. On the 20th the 8th Conn, 
crossed the river, captured an earthwork with five 
guns and 150 prisoners. 

U]) to this time the regiment had been under the 
command of Lieut. -Col. Tolles. (Jn the i8th a special 
order of the War Department assigned Lieut. -Col. 
Charles L.Upham, of the 8th Conn., to the 15th, and he 
assumed command next day. Col. Upham came with 
an enviable war record. Originally a first sergeant 
in the 3d Conn., he saw service at Bull Run. At 
the organization of the 8th Conn, he entered that 
regiment as captain of Co. K, and for gallantry 
at Fredericksburg in '62 was promoted to the rank of 
major. Again, in March, 1863, he was commissioned 
lieutenant-colonel of the same command. 

On April 24th, Gen. Peck ordered a reconnoissance 
on the Edenton road. The nth, 15th and i6th Conn., 
under Col. Beach of the i6th Conn., led the advance. 
A force of 6,000 or 7,000 men under Gen. Corcoran 
followed. These were mostly new troops, with the 
exception of the 13th Ind. 

The brigade assembled at Fort Dix. A march of 
two miles was made before the enemy's pickets were 
encountered. These were speedily driven in and then 
their line of battle was distinctly seen. A charge was 
ordered by C(j1. Beach and the brigade dashed in. 
The enemy slowly fell back disputing every yard 
until nearly two miles had been covered in this man- 
ner. C(j1. Upham dismounted, led the 15th, and when 
the recall was sounded this regiment was far in ad- 
vance of the others, even being on its own skirmish 
line. New batteries were encountered which vigor- 



DKFENSh: OF THE UNION. 47 

oiisly shelled uur t'orees and the object of the recon- 
noissance being- aceomplished it was deemed prudent 
to fall back. In this affair the regiment had five men* 
wounded, one <if whom, Dougal, died the next day. 

The following- is the official report: 

Headquarters 15T11 C. V., 
(Near Batter}^ New York), 
Suffolk, Va., ]\lay 2d, 1S63. 
LiKUT. : 

In compliance with Special Orders No. 7S, I have the honor to 
submit the following report : April 19th I assumed command of 
this regiment, then lying in bivouac at the works on the right of 
Fort Union, where it remained until April 24th, when, with the 
13th Ind., nth and i(>th Conn. Vols., commanded by Col. Beach 
of the i6th, made a reconnoissance on the road, this regiment 
supporting the skirmishers on the left; after advancing some 
four miles was ordered to withdraw quietly, and resumed our 
former position near Fort Union at about 6 o'clock a. m. The 
casualties were four wounded, one of whom has since died. On 
the 26th, received an order from Col. Foster, commanding line 
between Fort Nansemond and Fort Union, forming a provisional 
brigade of the nth, 15th and i6th Conn. Vols., under command of 
Col Beach. The regiment was relieved on the 2Sth by the iiSth 
N. Y. v., and encamped on (icn. Harland's line of defense near 
Batterj'^ New York. 

Inclosed please find report of INIajor Osborn, commanding regi- 
ment, to April 19th. 

Yours respectfully, 

CHAS. L. UPllAM, 

Col. Conulg. I 5lh C. V. 

P>y dint of hard work the new fort in which the 
regiment held so much stock (in labor) was com- 
pleted on the 27th and the big 100 pounder gun was 
trained on their foes. About this time also the loca- 
tion of the camp was changed to near Cien. Getty's 
qiuirtcrs on Gen. Harland's front. Here it was, near 
by the camp of the "One hundred three times N. Y.," 
that the boys by their superior skill in making the 
gabions used in the earthworks of the forts earned 



♦Lieut. Bowns of C. Schwart of D. Dougal and Williams of H, and Lego of L 



48 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

that famous appellation, " The basket makers of the 
Nansemond." 

On or about the tirst of May the pressure upon 
Longstreet's forces became so great that he was 
forced to commence preparations for a possible 
retreat. Gen. Peck became apprised of this and was 
ordered to hinder his departure, and if possible pre- 
vent his junction with the Confederate forces gather- 
ing in and around Chancellorsville, Va. Accordingly, 
an attack on his lines was ordered by Gen. Peck, May 
3d, in which the Connecticut brigade bore an imjDort- 
ant part. This was none other than a demonstration 
on the rebel front via the Providence Church road. 
The force was under Gen. Getty. vSeveral regiments 
were in the advance with artillery, cavalry, &c. 

The nth, 15th and i6th Conn, were held in 
reserve until noon when they were ordered to the 
front to relieve some of the other regiments. Dur- 
ing this movement the 15th was at one time exposed 
to the point blank fire of a rebel battery, and why 
they escaped destruction nobody knew. They gained 
a small ravine however, just as a storm of grape and 
canister screamed over their heads. Even while lying 
there they were galled by the fire of the rebel sharp- 
shooters perched in the lofty trees. It was at this 
skirmish that wSurgeon Holcomb was three times com- 
plimented with rebel bullets. During the night the 
forces were withdrawn. 

The following is the official report : 

Headquarters 15th C. V., 

Suffolk, Va., May 4th, 1863. 

Lieut. — I have the honor to state that at 8 o'clock p. m., on the 
3d, in obedience to orders, I marched from camp with 320 enlisted 
men and officers with the brigade, crossed the bridge on the 
Providence Church road. About i 30 o'clock a m. I received 
orders to relieve the 25th New Jersey regiment on the right, 
arriving I found two companies engaged, which I relieved and 
remained in the same position until dusk, when I received orders 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 49 

to withdraw and form in line at the burnt house near the bridge. 
Upon arriving at the house received orders to proceed to camp, 
which I reached at 9 a. m. * Our loss, one killed, four wounded 
and f)ne missing. 

I am very respectfully, 

CHARLES L. UPHAM, 

Colonel Commanding ij;t/i C. V. 

The effect of this assault not only delayed the 
departure of the Confederate forces, but it was such 
as to open the way for a cavalry movement so effect- 
ive that Longstreet was driven beyond the Black- 
water and the siege of Suffolk was raised. Although 
the departure of the enemy removed all immediate 
danger yet the attention of the 15th was still confined 
to picket and fatigue duty. The same vigilance was 
inaintained and work on the fortifications kept up 
much to the disgust of the boys. A change in the 
location of the camp grot:nd two or three times 
eventtially brought them to "Fort Connecticut" near 
the last of May, where they remained until their final 
departure. 

It was on the occasion of one of these sudden 
camp changes that the regiment coming in from 
duty found the commissary department gone five 
miles down the river. The camp stitler had his 
effects all packed, but for some reason had not gotten 
away. The boys were hungry and the modest request 
was made that he unpack his stores and open up a 
temporary trade. To this he demurred, but alas for 
him the "demurrer" was not sustained. No one 
assumes to know just how it happened, but when all 
was over there was a very mad sutler and a general 



* Killed, William H. Glassford, Co. G. 

Wounded, James B. Parker, Co. A. 

James Greenland, Co. A. 

Louse Schafer, Co. G. 

George W. Clarke, Co. K, 

Missing, John Malone, Co. I (afterwards came in). 

4 



5° 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEBS. 



wreck of his "goods." This was called "Raid No. i." 
The only person wounded was Adj. Brown, who was 
shot in the back with a ball of soft butter. This 
little episode was not without its lesson. It taught 
the sutlers to understand that they accompanied the 
regiment for its convenience as well as their own. 




Surg. H. V. C. Hoicombe. 



CHAPTER V. 




*'THE BLACKBERRY RAID —PORTSMOUTH, VA. SOUTH 

MILLS, N. C. EXECUTION OF THE DESERTERS WALES 

AND VANDALL — -GUARD AND FATIGUE DUTY IN AND 
ABOUT NORFOLK, VA. 

On June 19th the regiment was inspected by Col. 
Upham, and ordered to break camp on the morrow. 
Accordingly, the next day at noon, the 8th and 15th 
marched to Getty's Station and 
took the cars for Portsmouth, Va. 
The latter point was reached at 
sunset — both commands going- 
into camp about five miles from 
the city. Tents and knapsacks 
were ordered left here. A stop 
was made over Sunday, and on 
Monday the regiment etnbarked 
on the transport Columbia, for 
Yorktown, Va. The river at this place afforded the 
boys a great treat, and though a stay of but four 
days was made, all felt improved. On the 26th, reve- 
ille was beaten at 3 a. m., and the regiment again 
went on board the Columbia bound for White House 
Landing. Troops in large numbers were concentrat- 
ing at that point, among which was the entire divis- 
ion with which the 15th was connected. It was there 
also that this organization was transferred by order 
of the War Department from the 9th army corps to 
the 7th, much to the dissatisfaction of officers and men. 

A stay of four days was made at White House 
Landing, and on July ist, commenced that series of 
forced marches which tested the endurance of the 
Connecticut lads as never before. The column was put 
in motion at 7 a. m., and urged forward the entire day 



7TH ARMY CORl'S BADGE. 



52 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEES. 

with barely a halt. The heat was excessive and the 
roads dusty beyond description. The rebel Col. Pem- 
berton's plantation lay some distance beyond the 
village of Lanesville, and that point was designated 
as the limit of the first day's march. King William 
Court House was near. This place was reached and 
surprised toward evening. A scouting party from 
Co. C* found a couple of horses hidden by the Con- 
federates in the woods and very considerately gathered 
them in. Col. Tolles' orderly, and Major Osborne, 
each took one for personal use. The orders of the 
General commanding were strict concerning foraging 
except according to the army regulations. Col. Upham 
always believed a squad of Company C's men borrowed 
a barrel of fish from a spring house on the plantation 
which they never returned. Corporal Griffin of that 
company declares this opinion of his commander an 
aspersion on his comrades, avowing as his belief that 
if such an occurrence did happen and restitution was 
omitted, it was because the boys had no opportunity 
to catch fish enough to make good the loss. Some 
other shrinkages in mutton and fowls were complained 
of by the farmers near by, but the well-known char- 
acter of the " Nutmeg State " boys raised them above 
the level of suspicion. On the night of the 2d, the 
bivouac was made at Brandy vStation, and on the 3d 
of the month the column reached Taylor's Farms late 
in the evening and went into camp. The weather 
was excessively hot and men had fallen out all along 
the line of march. They kept coming in by twos and 
threes. The two following days the Connecticut bri- 
gade was held in reserve while the main force went 
on to Hanover vStation, and there engaged the enemy. 
On the evening of the 5th (Sunday), three days' rations 
were issued and the brigade ordered to get under 
way, which it did at 7 o'clock, marching until 3 o'clock 
next morning, when it made a brief halt for breakfast 

♦Griffin. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



53 



at a place called Aylett's vStation. At 7 a. m., it was 
again on the road, and marched continuously until 4 
p. m., when King' William Court House was reached 
and a halt ordered. The all too brief night for the 
tired boys was spent there, and at 5 o'clock next morn- 
ing they were again beat up and put in motion for 
White House Landing. A five hour's march landed 
the command at the latter place about noon. It was 
hoped tliat a short stay would be made there to "rest 
up " the regiment. There had been seven days (and 
parts of nights) of almost incessant marching over 
the dustiest of roads and under the hottest of suns, but 
great moves were being made at this time on the 
chess-board of war in other directions, and their 
energies were yet to be taxed more severely than 
ever. 

The morning of the 8th opened with rain, but by 
5 o'clock the boys were vmder arms and on the 
road for Yorktown. About twenty miles were cov- 
ered when night came on, and the regiment bivou- 
acked in the fields. The second day's march was 
another twenty-mile stretch and brought them near 
Williamsburg at evening. On the loth Yorktown was 
reached after a hard day's work, but not content with 
that, later in the evening the command was pushed 
on to Bethel, where camp was pitched and twenty- 
four hours' rest allowed the men. On the 12th the 
march was resumed for Big Bethel, fifteen miles dis- 
tant, and the next day by easy stages the regiment 
reached Hampton. The day following (July 13th) 
a transport was taken for Portsmouth, Va., to the old 
quarters, where their tents were still standing and 
knapsacks found in good order. 

Thus ended fruitlessly what it is now believed 
might have been made to yield one of the grandest 
successes of the war. This demonstration on the 
north side of Richmond was correct in theory; it had 
the backing of military science, the necessary force 



54 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

was there, but the leader was wanting. Says the late 
Col. Tolles, in a paper read by him in 187 1 : "There 
was no time during- the war when a bold and rapid 
dash would have secured us a victory, as on that occa- 
sion, and none where it was so foolishly thrown away. 
Nine days were consumed in doing what should have 
been done in two." 

At no time in the history of the regiment did it 
present such an unenviable appearance as on its 
return from that great expedition. Clothing was in 
shreds, arms in ill condition, equipments worn and 
damaged, men swarming with vermin; and failure 
written all over the enterprise, made this once proud 
command hang its head in humiliation. Nearly 
every movement of an arm}- is said to have some 
compensation, but in this instance there was not a 
shadow of return, unless Sergt. Beecher's satisfaction 
be adopted as such, who said he saw a mile-post 
inscribed "six miles to Richmond." 

But a soldier's spirits are elastic, and with the 
opportunity of rest, together with the issue of new 
clothing and wholesome rations, the 15th recovered 
its prestige, and the "Blackberry Raid " became but 
a theme of banter and ridicule. 

On Sunday, July 19, the regiment was ordered on 
review, its first public appearance since its arrival. 
Already the men had begun the erection of houses 
for themselves, and the camp began to put on a 
permanent look. Much ingenuity was shown in the 
manufacture of the buildings, particularly the offi- 
cers' quarters. These, though contracted in area, had 
all the comforts of home. Many brought housekeep- 
ers in the persons of their wives, and such dwellings 
showed that adornment and taste the New England 
woman knows so well how to exhibit. 

From the arrival of the regiment until about the 
middle of September, a period of two months, there 
was little of note. The routine of guard and picket 




Surg. Edward 0. Cowles. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 55 

duty,* an occasional review, with now and then a detail 
for fatigue duty at some fort, made up the common 
round. One event, however, occurred to disturb the 
serenity of the camp, which was the unwarrantable 
killing of Corporal Baker of Co. F, by private Dough- 
erty of Co. G. Dougherty was under the influence of 
liquor, which the camp sutler was furnishing the 
men. Corporal Baker was under orders to take him 
to the guard house, and while in the discharge of his 
duty was shot by his prisoner. Dougherty was tried 
by court-martial the following October, and sentenced 



* Headquarters, Portsmouth, Va., 

August 7, i86;^. 
General Orders, 1 
No. 13. \ 

The following instructions relative to Grand Guards are published for the guid- 
ance of the command, and will be strictly obeyed : 

I. The three principal Grand Guards are stationed at Bowers Hill, at Deep 
Creek and at the crossing of the Norfolk and Petersburg K. R. with the road from 
Deep Creek to Bowers Hill. The Grand Guard at Bowers Hill will consist of a Sec- 
tion of Artillery, a Squadron of Cavalry at least 150 men strong, and of one company 
of Infantry at least 80 men strong, and will picket the road to Suffolk as far as the 
poor-house, and the Roanoke and Seaboard R. R. as far as the 9th or loth mile post. 

That at Deep Creek will be similarly constituted and of equal strength, and will 
picket the Dismal Swamp Canal for at least 10 miles. 

That on the Norfolk R. R. will consist of a Company of Cavalry at least 60 strong, 
and will picket the R. R. for 2 or 3 miles in the direction of Suffolk. 

II. The Infantry and Artillery on Grand Guard will be relieved every 24 hours 
at 8 o'clock a. m. The Cavalry as may be arranged by Col. S. P. Spear, Comd'g Cav- 
alry. The Chief of Artillery will detail two sections, daily, for Grand Guard duty, one 
for Bowers Hill, the other for Deep Creek. 

III. Each Grand Guard will be commanded by the Senior Officer of all arms on 
duty at that post, who will be held responsible that the orders from Dept., Corps and 
Division Headquarters are carried out, those under his command obey the orders of 
the General Officer of the Day, and of General Officers who may visit and inspect the 
guards. He will see that constant communication is kept up by patrols and sentinels 
with the adjacent Grand Guard, that the roads in advance of his post are picketed well 
out and the country thoroughly scoured by patrols. 

IV. The attention of all officers who may be called uiion to perform Guard duty 
is called to the Instructions for Officers on Outposts and Patrol duty, published by the 
War Department, and of which so many copies have been distributed that it should be 
in the hands of every Officer. Hereafter, Officers on Grand Guard and picket will be 
held to a strict accountability, and no e.vcuse will serve for ignorance of duty. 

By Command of 

BRIG.-GKN'L GEO. W. GETTY. 

HAZARD STEVENS, 

Capt. Is' A. A. G. 



56 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

to imprisonment for life. * The murder of Baker had 
little or no effect to restrain, partictilarly the sale of 
beer, and the consequence for a couple of weeks or 
more was a constantly filled guard house and more or 
less demoralization among" the men. 

Toward the first of September rumors were prev- 
alent concerning a change of base, and as if in con- 
firmation, a regiment in the vicinity would now and 
then be suddenl}' detailed for special service. On the 
2oth of the month Col. Upham received orders to de- 
tach Companies D, I, E, H, K, under command of 
Lieut.-Col. Tolles, and proceed to South Mills, N. C, 
with instructions to guard the canal. The battalion 
got under way at 4 p. m., and, marching about eight 
miles, bivouacked for the night. The next morning 
they were under arms again at 4 o'clock, and at i p. m. 
reached their destination. Guard lines were set and 
all precautions taken befitting the occupation of a 
new place. On the 23d, Col. Tolles with a scouting 
party of cavalry captured a blockade runner alleged 
to have had $15,000 in his possession.! The time was 
occupied between guard, picket and fatigue duty, and 
but little occurred to vary the monotony for some 
weeks. 

On Oct. nth, the five companies of the 15th which 
had remained at Portsmouth, together with the bal- 
ance of the 8th Conn., were ordered to join the 
force at South Mills without dela}^ This detachment 
left camp at 2.30 p. m. on the 12th, and made the dis- 
tance in six hours and a half,]; a feat in marching 
which seems incredible. On the next day other 
forces arrived, among them the nth Penn. cav- 
alry. Col. Upham dismounted enough of the lat- 
ter to remount their horses with two companies 
of the 8th Conn., armed with Sharp's rifles. He 

* Afterwards pardoned by President Johnson. 
+ G. W. Smith of K. 
:|: Uphara's Diary. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 57 

had now a force of 500 cavalry and mounted infantry, 
together with a battalion on foot of about 300 mus- 
kets. Altog-ether his command numbered nearly a 
thousand, all in light marching order. The force got 
under way at 3 o'clock on the afternoon of the 13th, 
and camped for the night at a place called "The 
Turnpike Gate." At daylight the next morning the 
cavalry was pushed rapidly forward toward Parkville 
with the intention of capturing a guerrilla nest at that 
place. The surprise was only partial. The enemy 
made no resistance, but took to their heels and the 
swamp. One officer and four men were captured, also 
three horses, several stands of arms, a small quantity 
of commissary stores, a few rounds of old artillery 
ammunition, and some unimportant equipage. The 
camp was destroyed and the detachment returned to 
South Mills, and the day following reached their old 
quarters at Portsmouth. 

The original detail of five companies remained at 
South Mills a week longer when orders were received 
to evacuate the place. Accordingly, on the 2 2d, camp 
was broken and the column headed for Portsmouth, 
which it reached that evening. The same night 
orders were issued for the 8th and five companies of 
the 15th to repair to the Fair Grounds at Norfolk to 
attend the execution of Dr. Wright. He was hung 
the succeeding day and the two regiments returned 
to camp early on the following morning. 

November 9th witnessed the shooting of the two 
deserters from the 8th Conn., Wales and Vandall. 
The 15th Conn, furnished twenty men as the firing 
detail, under command of Lieut. Bowns of C. The 
entire brigade was under arms to witness the exe- 
cution. On the 13th, an alarm was spread that 
the rebels were expected in along the line of the 
Norfolk and Suffolk Railroad, and a detail of 180 men 
from the 8th and 15th was sent out on picket twelve 
miles in that direction. Nothing came of the report 



58 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

and the force after a sufficient time was recalled. The 
succeeding two months had little of importance his- 
torically. The time was divided between guard duty 
and work upon the defenses of Norfolk. The boys 
became such experts in the use of the axe and the 
shovel on the latter as to feel able to intrench them- 
selves in any and all conditions. 

Toward the close of November, Chap. Miller found 
himself in such ill health as to compel his return 
North. He was parted with with the utmost reluc- 
tance. Genial, great-hearted, sympathetic as a woman, 
and watchful of the host under him, he was kindly 
regarded by officers and men whether engaged in his 
specific spiritual duties or proclaiming from the door 
of his tent, " Come up and get your mail." Through 
his efforts on Arlington Heights a "regimental 
church "* was formed with a large membership, an 
organization which flourished hopefully down to the 
sad day at Kinston, 1865, when the regiment was 
practicall}^ broken up. On his retirement he issued 
the following circular letter: 

FAREWELL WORDS. 

TO THE OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS OF THE I5TH REGIMENT CONN. VOLS.: 

You have, at least many of you, been acquainted with the 
fact that for a few months past I have been seriously contempla- 
ting the propriety of resigning my commission as your chaplain, 
your spiritual guide and counsellor. It is my duty to-day, and a 
painful duty it is, to thus officially inform you that considerations, 
not to be slighted, have led me to resign and urge to the utter- 
ance of these farewell words. 

We have been together in joy and sorrow, in the quiet of the 
camp and the exposure of the field; our hearts are welded in affec- 
tionate sympathies and interests, b)' mutual action in scenes of 
sickness, suffering and death, such as are alone presented in tlie 
army. Together, ever since the regiment was recruited, have we 

* This church was established at Camp Chase in 1862. Its membership reached 
nearly three hundred, all members of New England churches. There were many con- 
versions in the regiment. The Lord's Supper was celebrated on one occasion at Suf- 
f(>ll<, \'a., Iiy a company completely filling a large church there. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



59 



toiled, and planned, and prayed that God would bless us in our 
endeavors to perpetuate the glory of our beloved land; together, 
over successes have we rejoiced, and when thousands of brave 
hearts have fallen, crushed and bleeding under the maddened 
passions of rebellion, we have mingled our tears and sympathies 
for the bereaved and stricken at home. 

It cannot be otherwise than that we find ourselves friends 
indeed. To me, then, especially is the present moment one of 
peculiar interest, and as painful as it is peculiar. I am to leave 
you in the field of da?iger, — of strife, while I go to pursue my 
calling as a preacher of the Gospel, amongst strangers, and dis- 
tant from the scenes of war. Since I came among you, my only 
aim and purpose has been to do you good; caring for your bodies 
as well as your souls, aiming to make your life in the army as 
pleasant as possible, in planning and countenancing innocent pas- 
times that thus we might drive away " dull care" and as vigorous, 
happy and confident men, when called to duty, go forth assured 
of triumph and as " terrible as an army with banners." 

In much I may have failed to meet your expectation, yet I am 
confident you will ever esteem me as a man whose heart was in 
the " right place" and whose sympathies were ever enlisted when 
needed and known for all without hesitation. On this matter I 
forbear to say more, the history of my labors is with the regiment 
at large, it is especially with some, whose hearts I have sought to 
comfort and to cheer in the day of adversity, and with others 
whom, I fondly trust, I have led to the service of the blessed 
Redeemer. "My record is on high." Never has a day passed 
but in my devotions before God have I plead for you, that you 
might be kept from sin and restraining grace abound amongst 
you. 

In leaving you, I have only to reiterate the lessons I have so 
frequently inculcated. If you would maintain the reputation of 
the regiment, be careful and cherish those elements of character 
which dignify manhood and make good .soldiers, cherish the spirit 
of obedience, of personal pride and patriotism. Cherish the Bible 
and its blessed precepts and practice the same in your lives, then 
shall you be controlled in tongue, tempef- and temperance. Allow 
me a single suggestion, perhaps I ought to style it a recommenda- 
tion—whenever you can, go to divine service. Keep alive the 
sweet recollections and influences of home in this particular. It is 
frequently said " there is no Sabbath in the army." Base declara- 
tion ! I verily believe but few, if any, utter it, save those who 
live regardless of God's law and the Gospel of his son Jesus Christ. 
It is true, however, that our Sabbath privileges are frequently 
encroached upon by -'general orders" for reviews, but I cannot 



6o FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEIiS. 

believe our commanding Generals have ever mtentionally dese- 
crated the Sabbath by issuing "orders." in conflict with the Sab- 
bath Proclamation of the President, — in conflict with th.e command 
of God, " Remember the Sabbath Day to keep it holy." 

If such orders do come, if your Sabbaths are thus to be dis- 
turbed, give as best you can the whole weight of your influence 
for the maintenance of religious worship in the regiment by a 
regular and devout attendance. This will do you good and cheer 
the heart of your chaplain. (I sincerely desire you may speedily 
have another.) 

Farewell for awhile — I shall yet hope to greet you on your 
return home — I shall hope to join with you in the song of victory, 
of triumph over rebellion and the rebellious. May God preserve 
your lives that when you shall come forth from the clouds and 
darkness of war and its attendants, it shall be to dwell in the sun- 
light of a Union restored; — a Union cemented as it will be by the 
blood of patriots, to become at once the envy and the pride of 
every civilized nation. 

If in coming conflicts any of you shall fall defending the 
majesty of Law and Order, you will not be forgotten. In the 
precious memories of the household, of the State, of the Nation, 
your names shall ever be fragrant and your deeds of valor form, 
with the deeds of other heroes, a garland to hang about the neck 
of the Republic in her rejuvenated grandeur, the joy of future 
generations, the hope and shelter of the oppressed of all climes. 
I know you will be true to the country in the present contest, and, 
as in the past, honor the name of Connecticut, the State you 
represent. It has been well expressed — 

" When traitors rent the nag of Stars, 
And raised aloft the stripes and bars, 
Her patriot sons with valor rose ; 
And treason trembled at her blows. 
On every sanguinary field 
Her sons have bled on sword and shield, 
Hasting to battle like the guests 
Of kings to coronation feasts. 
History with .tjolden words shall tell 
The future, where our heroes fell, 
And flowers in Blue, and White and Red, 
Shall blossom where their blood was shed." 

Prove yourselves good soldiers; — Soldiers also of our Lord and 
Saviour Jesus Christ, then will you rejoice through the blessed- 
ness of that spirit, in which fear and sorrow and suffering and 
death itself, are swallowed up and lost like bubbles on some calm, 
deep stream. 




Chaplain D. Henry Miller. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 6i 

I thank you all for the many tokens of kindness you have 
shown me; for \o\xv forbearance, your encouragement and the 
late tangible evidences of your personal esteem. I must not fail 
here to acknowledge the valuable and unexpected presentation 
made me by the officers whose friendship and confidence I am 
happ}' to believe I have ever shared. 

Whilst my heart shall continue its pulsations I shall hold you 
and those in your command in grateful remembrance. I will 
follow all by my prayers and best wishes daily; and when the 
battle of life is fought, may you and I. as victors through the 
abounding grace of God, enter upon eternal peace, personal par- 
ticipants in the jubilee of the redeemed over sorrow, sin and 
death. 

FAREWELL. 

" May the Lord bless you; the Lord make his face 
to shine upon you and be gracious unto 
you; the Lord lift up his counte- 
nance upon you and 
give you peace." 

D. HENRY MILLER, 
Late Chaplain loth Coidi. Vols. 

Headquarters 15th Regt. Conn. Vols., Nov. 29, 1S63. 

Some complaint having- been made that the 
rations were deficient in quality and quantity, Lt. Col. 
Tolles ordered an investigation, with the following 

result : 

Camp of 15th Conn. Vols., 
Near Portsmouth, Va. 
November 19, 1863. 

Sir — In accordance with orders received from your Headquar- 
ters, I have the honor to submit the follo^^-ing report of the quality 
and quantity of rations issued to the men of the 15th C. V. 

(The Officers of Co. ("A") report the quality of all rations 
good, with the exception of Salt Beef and Pork. These are often 
very poor. As a general thing the men do not complain of the 
quantity. 

The Officers of "Co. F" report that the Salt Pork drawn for 
the men of that Camp is rtisty and very poor, not one-half being 
good. Fresh Beef and Coffee very good; sugar good. Candles 
good, but the men are not able to di-aw enough. Potatoes very 
good. Other rations very good, with the exception of Rice, which 
is wormv. 



62 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

The Officers of " Co. I) " report that the full allowance of 
rations is drawn, and with a few exceptions, the quality is good. 

The Officers of " Co. I "' report that the quality of the Fresh 
Beef drawn is generally good, the quantity insufficient, owing to 
the fact that the Commissary, instead of using Scales, guesses at 
the weight. Salt meat, quantity insufficient, quality very poor. 
Pork, quality good, quantity scant. Potatoes and onions are 
drawn once in ten (lo) days. Coffee and Sugar, quantity barely 
sufficient, quality good. Other rations as good as can be wished. 
Soft Bread is drawn every day, and issued at the rate of one (i) 
loaf to a man. Loafs small and barely sufficient, quality good. 
Each man has one-third (",) of a candle for tive (5) days. 

The Officers of " Co. C " report the rations of Coffee, Sugar, 
Salt meat and Pork and Fresh meat, short. No Molasses or Rice 
is drawn in this Camp. 

The Officers of " Co. H " report that twenty-two (22) pounds of 
Sugar and eleven and one-half (11^) pounds of Coffee are drawn 
once in three days for fift3'-three (53) men. The Pork issued to 
this Camp is very poor. Much of the Salt Beef has been unfit for 
use. Vinegar, very poor. Rations of S. Beef and Sugar, short. 

The Officers of " Company E " rejiort Fresh Beef fair, both as 
to quality and quantit}'. Salt Beef and Pork, quality and quantity 
poor and insufficient, the latter not being fit for cooking purposes. 
Vegetables, quality and quantity good. Rice and Dried apples are 
never issued. Sugar is issued at the rate of a tablespoonful to a 
man daily. Bread is issued according to the prescribed amount. 
Molasses seldom issued. A greater variety in the issues would be 
better for the Camp. 

The Officers of " Co. K " report the issue of Fresh Beef is gen- 
erally short from three (3) to seven (7) pounds. Rations of S. Beef 
and Pork full, the latter of very poor quality. Bread, good. Pre- 
vious to the last thirty (30) days no vegetables could be obtained. 
Potatoes and onions are now issued at the rate of two-thirds (%) 
of a barrel to fifty-two (52) men, every ten (10) days. Coffee and 
Sugar are invariably short, the latter, in one instance, falling- 
short fifteen (15) pounds in ten (10) days, and in every drawing 
from two (2) to three (3) pounds. 

The ( )fficers of " Co. (j " report of Salt Beef, enough is drawn. 
Fresh Beef is drawn once in four (4) days, hardly enough for one 
meal for each man. Salt Pork, only enough for cooking purposes. 
Potatoes, three-cjuarters (^) of a barrel once in ten (10) days, for 
forty (40) men. Sugar, insufficient. The Salt Beef stinks, and 
one-third is unfit for use. Fresh beef, generally good. Salt Pork, 
very lean and too salt to use alone. Potatoes often one-third (^) 



DEFENSE OF THE VNION. 63 

rotten. Sugar, sometimes very poor. Other rations generally 
good. 

The Officers of " Co. B " report quality of vSalt Beef and Pork 
poor, for the last few days unusually so. Of other rations the 
quality is generally good, quantity insufficient. 

By comparing the reports of the different Co. Officers, I find 
that the rations of Salt Pork are poor, and in many cases insuffi- 
cient. The rations of Salt Beef are also often very poor. Of Fresh 
Beef, the ration is often insufficient; of sugar, always insufficient. 

Very Respectfully, 

H. V. C. HOLCOMBE, 

Surgeoti ijt/i C. V. 
To LIEUT. -COL. SAM"L TOLLES, 

Commanding ijth C. V. 



CHAPTER VI. 

DEPARTURE FRO.M PORTSMOUTH, VA. PLYMOUTH NEW 

BERNE, N. C. bachelor's CREEK LITTLE WASHING- 
TON ARRIVAL OF CHAPLAIN JOHN B. DOOLITTLE 

PROVOST GUARD DUTY EXECUTION OF DESERTERS. 

New Year's clay, 1864, was observed by the regi- 
ment in the customary garrison manner, with wheel- 
barrow and sack races, greased poles, greased pigs, 
etc., etc. On the 6th of January the first snow fell, 
and on the 8th a "donation " likewise fell. The lat- 
ter was much the more appreciated. It consisted of 
something over a hundred barrels, boxes, etc., of 
fruit, vegetables and sundries, gathered in New 
Haven as the city's New Year gift to the boys. This 
great thanksgiving feast also emphasized an import- 
ant event. It chanced to mark the close of the six 
months' tarry of the regiment at Portsmouth, for 
scarcely were the good things digested ere a warning 
came (January i6th) to be ready to break camp at a 
moment's notice. The final order was delayed until 
the 20th,* and the next day saw the fat and sleek look- 
ing command, with four companies of the i6th Conn., 
winding its way to the wharf, and thence on 
board the steamer Spaulding, bound for Morehead 
City, N. C. The boat left her wharf at 11 o'clock that 
evening. The next day was marvelous for stillness 
in which to pass Cape Hatteras; but notwithstanding 
this, many will recall with anguish that it only 
brought bitterness to them. No beauty of sea or sky 
could be discerned, seen through the wretched spec- 
tacles of seasickness. 

* By some unaccountable means, the " quarters " of the men and officers caught 
fire the day the regiment moved and were entirely consumed. " No insurance ! " 




Capt. Reuben Waterman. 



DEFENSE 01 THE UNION. 65 

The Spaulding swung into Morehead City on the 
morning of the 23d, and the regiment gladly trans- 
ferred itself to solid ground. Later in the day it 
took the cars for New Berne, reaching that city about 
7 p m , and still later the same evening went on 
board the transport Collyer, bound for Plymouth, N. 
C , to relieve the loist and i02d Penn. and 85th N. Y. 
' A landing was made at the latter place the next 
day, and camp established a half mile or more in the 
rear of the city. The regiment was there for busi- 
ness, and on the 26th, Co.'s A, E, K, under Major 
Osborne, together with a detachment of the i6th 
Conn and 85th N. Y. (the force amounting to about 
coo in all under command of Col. Manwell, of the 
loist Penn.), were ordered up the Chowan river to 
destroy Confederate supplies at Colerain, N. C. The 
expedition got away on two boats so soon as the dark- 
ness would permit, and going up the river about 
twenty miles, made a landing. Extreme caution was 
now observed, as it was a bright moonlight night and 
they were in the heart of the enemy's country. 
Skirmishers were thrown out and a rapid march ot 
near twelve miles was made into the interior The 
rebel post was surprised a little after midnight, 
though not completely enough to bag the mmates 
There was little or no resistance offered, as the guard 
took to their heels, and the capture of the stores 
included everything. About 200,000 pounds of pork, 
hams salt, and other supplies too bulky to remove, 
were 'destroyed. The horses and mules with some 
cotton, were brought away. The object of the expe- 
dition being accomplished, retreat was m order. A 
circuitous detour was taken to reach the boats Just 
before gaining the landing, or when withm two or 
three miles of it, a plantation was found 011 which 
ff::;!at of coitonwere discovered. A detail was 
left to bring this along, while the mam body kep on 
to the river By this time the routed rebels, who had 



66 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEBS. 

gathered forces enough to pursue, came up with this 
detail and attacked it. The firing attracting the 
attention of Major Osborne, Lieut. Linsley of K, 
was sent back to cover the retreat, which was 
effected, but with the wounding of one man (in 85th 
N. Y.). With the exception of some hives of honey, 
which the bees made too hot for the boys to take 
away, all the spoils were safely brought off, even 
to the two hams which Doolittle of Co. K, stuck to 
persistently all through that hot twenty mile 
march. The tired command dropped down the river 
that night and were at their camp at Plymouth next 
morning. 

A second expedition under command of Lieut. 
Col. Tolles, was immediately set in motion. Fortu- 
nately the original draft of the Colonel's report has 
been preserved, which furnishes the best histor}- of 

the raid. 

Headquarters 15TH Rect. Conn. Vol. Infantry, 

Plymouth, N. C , January 31, 1S64. 
Captain : 

I have the honor to report that, in obedience to orders from 
your Headquarters, I proceeded on the night of the 29th inst., on 
board the steamer Massasoit with my command, consisting of 
detachments from the 103d and loist Penn., 85th N. Y., i6th and 
15th Conn. Vol. Infantry, with some 50 sailors and marines with a 
field piece, under the command of Lt. Comg. Flusher, amounting 
in all to some 400 men. After reaching Cedar Landing, we dis- 
embarked and proceeded overland to the town of Windsor, in 
Bertie county, N. C, reaching the camp of the Rebel forces at a 
little after sunrise the next morning; about three-quarters of a 
mile this side of the camp I divided my force. The detachment 
of the 103d, loist Penn. and Ssth N. Y., under the command of 
Major Crandell, I ordered around and across the fields to occupy 
the Indian woods and Woodville roads at Winston Gate, while 
with the detachments of the 15th and i6th Conn. Vols, and Lieut. 
Comg. Flusher's command, I proceeded to make an attack in 
front. On reaching the camp, I found that the entire force had 
just left, leaving nearly all of their camp equipage. I then 
moved on towards Winston Gate. On arriving at that point, 
Capt. Hoggard came up with his command. He informed me 
that he had not been able to destroy the bridge over the Cushie 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



67 



river, the enemy pouring a continual fire on his men. I then 
ordered Major Crandell, Capt. Hoggard and Lt. Comg. Flusher, 
with their commands, to picket and hold the main and by-roads, 
and to secure the property of the Rebel camp; while with my 
command I proceeded to the bridge, skirmishing the road some 
half a mile each side on my way. The bridge I found to be a 
massive structure, and not having tools to work with, I could not 
destroy it as effectually as I would like to have done. I. however, 
covered it some three feet deep with dry rails, and fired it. 
During the operation we were continually fired on in ambush, 
which fire we returned. Having accomplished what I could here, 
I retired towards the village, where I found that Capt. Johnson's 
company, with some of Major Crandell's command, assisted by 
Lieut. Beagle. A. D. C , had been active in searching the village. 
They found, however, but very little in the way of government 
stores, only destroying one barrel of pork and a small quantity of 
salt. 

The object of the expedition being, as far as we had been able, 
accomplished, I retired, reaching Cedar Landing one hour before 
sunset, and Plymouth at 8 p. m. 

In closing my report, I should be doing injustice to Major 
Crandell of the Ssth N. Y., Lt. Comg. Flusher, Lt. Beagle, 
A. D. C, and other officers, did I not make mention of the zeal- 
ous manner in which they co-operated with me during the expe- 
dition. 

The following is a copy of Capt. Hoggard's report, showing 
the manner in which he arrived near the town: 

Plymouth, N. C, January 31, 1S64. 

According to orders, I proceeded on the Bombshell up the 
river (Cushie), and landed at Joseph Cooper's, and then took a 
land tack for ten miles, crossing the Coshaki road and Webb's 
ferry road, thence down and around to the Win ton road at the 
Cushie Bridge, arriving there after day. I remained there till the 
forces arrived at Windsor, when I then proceeded to Windsor and 
joined the main forces, capturing one negro man. 

[Signed], Capt. CALVIN HOGGARD, 

Co. E, 2nd N. C. Vols. 

The following is a list of the articles captured, viz. : 2 cases of 
muskets of different make and calibre; 3 kegs of powder; i box 
of cartridges; 1 box containing assorted clothing and equipments; 
I bass drum and a part set of musical instruments; i set of camp 
and garrison equipage; old clothing, blankets, cartridge boxes. 



68 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

etc., mostly worthless; 7 mules, S horses, 3 saddles, and 2 small 
wagons which were burnt. 

Very respectfully your obedient servant, 

SAMUEL TOLLES 
Lt. Col. 15th C. v., Comg. Expedition. 
To Andrew Stewart, 

Capt. and Asst. Adj. Gen. 

Sub-District of the All^emarle. 

The stay at Plymouth was brief. On February 3d 
the regiment again embarked on the Collyer. Many 
will remember the sand bars on which the boat 
struck and the long, tedious hours spent in waiting to 
get off. In point of fact the 15th did not enter New 
Berne until the third day after leaving Plymouth. 

How little it knew what awaited, as it filed into 
that ancient town. An enemy more secret, more 
insidious, more deadly than ever lay in a rifle pit or 
lurked behind a breastwork, crouched in that city 
waiting its time to spring on its victims. 

The regiment was stationed in barracks on the 
plain not far from the Neuse river. Hardly had it 
adapted itself to its new quarters before a detail was 
sent to Fortress Monroe with a batch of prisoners, 
and on the 17th the right wing (Companies A 

) under command of Maj. Osborne, was 
ordered to Bachelor's Creek, an outpost eight miles 
north. The latter force took the cars early in the 
morning and reached its destination about noon. 
Thence it marched four or five miles to a place 
called "Red House," and went into camp. Maj. 
Osborne's instructions were to reinforce the picket 
line at this point then on the outermost defenses 
of New Berne. Guerrillas and bush-whackers in 
spite of our cavalry patrols, now and then exchanged 
shots with our men and added interest to the duty. 
On the night of the 24th particularly, a dash was made 
on our lines, but with no success. Reconnoissances 
were frequent into rebel territory, and though they 




Capt. Minott A. Butricks. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 69 

resulted in little or nothing, still served to keep the 
boys vigilant and in training. Some will remem- 
ber the great fire in the woods near the creek. 

The battalion performed duty at this post until 
March 30th, when it was ordered to return to New 
Berne, and the same night rejoined its comrades at 
their quarters. 

During the absence of the right wing, as above 
noted, the remainder of the regiment had not 
been idle. Between guard duty in the city and 
fatigue parties at the new earthworks near the river, 
nobody had grown rusty. Toward the last of March 
permits were issued for a portion of the 15th (130 
members in all) to go home to Connecticut to vote. The 
seeming favoritism which allowed some this conces- 
sion and denied it to others, provoked much bitter 
language. It was useless however to "kick" and the 
boy*s saw their fortunate comrades depart for New 
England on the 31st of the month on a twenty days- 
furlough. . 

The next event of special interest was the attair 
at Little Washington, N. C. Orders were issued on 
the afternoon of April i8th to go at once to the relief 
of the latter place. The 15th embarked on the 
steamer Patuxent, and the 17th Mass. (acting m 
conjunction) on The Pilot Boy. Both boats got 
away late in the evening, reaching Little Washington 
at noon next day. While landing, heavy firing^was 
heard at Plymouth, twenty miles distant Gen. Hoke 
with the rebel ram Albemarle, had attacked the 
latter place, which resulted later in its surrender and 
the capture of the i6th Conn., so long brigaded with 
the isth The battalion on its arrival was quartered 
in an old stable in the rear of the town. Companies 
A and C were detailed for garrison duty m tort 
Washington, and the balance guarded the picket line. 
Up to this time the Union forts in the vicinity had 
been manned bv the rst regiment Loyal North Caro- 



70 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

linians, but as at the capture of Plymouth, before 
mentioned, a portion of this regiment had been taken 
prisoners and deliberately shot in cold blood, by the 
order of Gen. Hoke, the balance of the command 
was sent down the river to a place of safety. This 
action left the forts therefore without proper artiller- 
ists. There was no lack of interest on both sides 
in the proceedings. On the 25th a Union gunboat 
squeezed up the creek near Fort Jackson and noisily 
shelled the woods in all directions. On the 27th the 
rebel forces, freed from the investiture of Plymouth 
appeared opposite our lines. An immediate attack 
was expected. Fort Washington, the main defense, 
was garrisoned by Co. C, of the 15th. 

The armament of this work consisted of three 
thirty-two pounders, a " Long Tom," two brass twelve 
pounders (all smooth bores) and a three inch steel 
rifled Wiard Gun. The latter was really the only 
reliable piece. Its range was excellent. Sergt. 
Towner had command of it and made several effect- 
ive shots. Sergt. Latta had charge of a "32 " on the 
west angle of the fort and bored so many holes with 
It in an old cotton gin some three-fourths of a 
mile away that the "Johnnies" fled in terror. 
Corporal Griffin was detailed on the gun at the east 
angle of the works. He had for a target an old brick 
house a mile or more distant and supposedly unoc- 
cupied. At the fourth round Griffin knocked in its 
gable, whereupon such a swarm of rebels issued from 
it as to draw the fire of every Union gun that could 
reach it. It was battered down. Much of the credit 
of this amateur artillery practice was due to private 
James, of Co. C, the only man in the fort who knew 
how to properly load the pieces. Later on the 5th 
R. I. Battery arrived. During the afternoon more or 
less skirmishing took place and a few men from other 
regiments were wounded. 

It is supposed so bold a front was shown and so 
much noise made as to mislead Hoke as to the real 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 71 

Strength of the line, and that he deferred the attack 
for a more sufficient force. That night the whole 
Union force lay under arms in the breastworks and 
the fort. At the same time however, movements 
were in progress for the evacuation of the place. The 
17th Mass. was quietly withdrawn on the 27th, and 
the 2 1 St Conn, followed the next day. 

Except occasional picket firing, the night passed 
without alarm. Co. C, that had achieved such dis- 
tinction as artillerists, opened again at sunrise with 
an intermittent fire. The enemy did not even return 
it. More troops were quietly withdrawn, and several 
steamers appeared in the river during the day. That 
night (28th, 29th) Fort Washington was dismantled, 
the guns being taken on board the transports by the 
infantry regiments. On the 30th fire was set to the 
barracks, store-houses and other government build- 
ings, and the pickets called in. The 15th was the last 
regiment to leave the breastworks. 

The destruction of the place w^as made as complete 
as possible, and as an unavoidable consequence much 
private property suffered. The evacuating force 
steamed away for New Berne that night. Sand 
bars delayed them as usual, and the old quarters m 
the barracks were reached next day. 

On the 2d of May a Special Order assigned the 
15th to Provost Guard duty in the city. The follow- 
ing list of the posts of this guard may serve to recall 
some memories connected therewith. 
First District. 

Post I— Guard Quarters. 

Post 2, 3, 4— Guard House. 

Post 5— Naval Stores. 

Post 6— Saw Mill. 

Post 7, 8, 9, 10— Craven Street Jail. 

Post 1 1— Gen. Palmer's Quarters. 

I corporal and 6 men at the Mail Wharf. 

I corporal and 9 men at the Railroad bridge. 



72 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Second District. 

Post I — Guard Quarters. 

Post 2— Stables. 

Post 3 — Gen. Palmer's Headquarters. 

Post 4 — Foster's Wharf. 

Post 5, 6 — Ordnance Stores. 

Post 7, 8 — Railroad Depot. 

Post 9 — Gen. Harland's Quarters. 

Post lo — Engine House. 

Post II — ^Medical Purveyors. 

Third District. 

Post I — Guard Quarters. 
Post 2 — Turpentine Works. 
Post 3, 4 — Paymaster's Office. 
Post 5 — U. S. Treasury Building. 

It was the evident intention of the rebel com- 
manders to anno}" our forces in all possible ways 
without risking a general engagement. Sorties on 
our lines were frequent. On the 4th, a dash was 
made at " Red House " (mentioned earlier), and our 
pickets driven in. At the same time the railroad con- 
necting New Berne with Morehead City, the base of 
supplies for the former city was cut. The " Overland 
Monitor," which man)'- will remember, an iron clad 
car mounting a field-piece was hastily dispatched 
down the track to clear the woods. Its shells had 
that effect. The next day Col. Upham, with a force 
of 300 volunteers went down on a transport to the 
scene of the raid, but too late to secure the perpe- 
trators. One prisoner only, and he a sick man, was 
bagged. The railroad was speedily repaired and 
communication restored. 

By this time, summer had reached New Berne and 
was effectually warming up the boys, the thermom- 
eter ranging from 80 to 100 degrees in the shade, 
days in succession. The enemy was surprisingh^ 



BEFEXSB or THE OTZOJ". -- 

quiet, and hiardly a rumor disturbed the mon- 
otony of the cainap. Dnring; this intervaju occurred 
however, the " surprise party " of the 17th Mass^ and 
the handsome " setting^ up " they received at the 
hands of the iftb. 

About the m^iddle of June. afEairs became unset- 
tled aorain at Bachelor's Creek. Information led 
Gen. Palmer to believe a rebel force was concen- 
trating^ at that point, preparatory to an attack on 
New Berne. On the 2cth. Col. Upham. with 560 men 
of the 15th, together with a squadron of the 3d X. Y. 
Cavalry, and a part of the ijid X. Y., all under 
c of CoL Classen, of the latter r. ^ 

>:.._-. -_r the Creek on a scout. Everyth _, 

. .: quiet there, and the next morning at 5 o'clock 
ihe column pushed on for the place kr. 
Jacksons Mills. The march was kept up 
the day and evening. About 10 p. m, the rebel 
p: ' ~ ■ "^ . entire night was >- : • - 

sk - _ :ig the enemy. At - 

it was found our forces had rounded up seventy-six 
prisoners,* and : * ' ' - ■ -- - * ~ t as 

many in killed a:: ^-7 

two men. Having xuidiied his 
returned to Bachelors Creek c„ .-> - 
same night took the cars for New Berne. 

As the summer a, the temperaiu 

to increase at an al:^: ,. :ate. Or. :^c 

thermometer reached 103 in the sh- a J^^y 

rd. 10^ degrees, the high - A^ t^^=^ 

time, the regiment was . .~ .icss ot 

the 99th X. Y., and broiling in an atmosphere that 
never rested over Xew England. 

For the succeeding two months there wa> 
\-ary the monotony of provost duty. The Rev. 
'" itile. successor to the Rev. D. Henry Miller, -:= 

. un. arrived and preached to the regiment for 



• A»<«£ the opnired «s Gea. Ouries D. F*oJ«. a gn-hwie ot V*le, iSrv-. 



74 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

the first time, Sunday, July 31st. Chaplain Doolittle 
sprang at once into favor. He was a plain, unosten- 
tatious speaker, earnest, sympathetic and sincere. 
Practical in all his relations with the boys, whether 
Christians or not, they learned to give him unlimited 
confidence and respect. 

During the above period occurred one event, how- 
ever, which exhibits in all its mercilessness the dis- 
cipline of war. This was the execution of seven 
deserters August 13th and 14th. Three of these 
unfortunates were recruits of the 15th, Robert Clarke 
and Joseph Collins, of Co. E, and George Berry, of Co. 

B. The others were Thomas Baker, 26th N. Y.; 

Duncan, 99th N. Y.; Timmons and Duffy, 

5th R. I. Battery. Baker was shot on the morning of 
the 13th, near Fort Spinola, and the remaining six on 
the 1 4th, near Fort Totten. Lieut. Merriam was placed 
m charge of the execution. The firing detail was 
composed of six squads, each containing ^ten men and 
a corporal. It is the duty of the latter privatelv to 
load the muskets of his squad, putting a blank "car- 
tridge in one of the guns, thus no one in line abso- 
lutely knows whether his piece is deadly or not. 
Besides this, he must blindfold and seat the victim on 
his coffin. When all is ready the officer gives the 
general commands. At the order to fire but eight 
men of each squad discharge their pieces, the remain- 
ing two and the corporal holding theirs in reserve 
should the first volley not prove fatal. In this in- 
stance they were called in two of the cases to com- 
plete the execution. This is always done at the closest 
range and invariably unnerves a soldier more than 
any other duty incident to army life. The skirmisher 
or the sharp-shooter will coolly pick his victim at a 
distance without the slightest compunction, but when 
he is led close to a comrade already in the agonies of 
death, and required to satisfy completely the dread- 
ful discipline of war, he visibly shrinks. After the 




Chaplain John B. Doolittle. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 75 

surgeons have examined the bodies and pronounced 
life extinct, it is the further duty of the corporal to 
take off the shoes of his victim, loosen the bandaoe 
from his eyes and see that the body is placed in a 
suitable attitude on the coffin.* The entire force 
of the post is then marched past the remains, that all 
may see the bitter end of disobedience. In the cases 
just cited, the 15th victims were hardened wretches 
unworthy the name of Union soldiers. The night 
before their execution will be remembered by the 
guard at the Craven street jail as an occasion of 
depravity rarely witnessed. Clark, Collins and Berry 
enlisted March 9th, at Middletown, Conn. They, with 
thirty-nine others (all recruits), reached the 15th at 
New Berne, March 24th. The next day the trio 
deserted. Two days later — March 27th — they were 
recaptured by Union scouts while making their way 
to the Confederate lines f and tried and condemned 
with the results as stated. The lesson was a salutary 
one. If Beckley of Co. A, is correct in his list of 
deserters, there was not another case during the ser- 
vice of the regiment. 

September 5th, an expedition consisting of 75 men 
of the 15th, with detachments of cavalry and artillery 

and 10 days' rations started for .J A part of this 

force returned on the nth. 



* Not done in this instance. 

+ Upham. 

:|: G. W. Smith's diary. Destination unknown. 



CHAPTER VII. 

NEW BERNE (CONTINUED) — YELLOW FEVER EXPEDITION 

TO EVANS IMILLS GREAT FIRE EXPEDITION TO 

KINSTON, N. C. 

The news of the capture of Atlanta reached Nev^^ 
Berne, Sept. 9th. It was signalized by the firing of 
TOO guns from Fort Totten and a general jubilee of all 
the Union forces. During this uproar, however, there 
was a little knot of the officers of the 15th who could 
not conceal their anxiety in the midst of the rejoic- 
ing. Even while the cannon were booming with 
victory an enemy more pitiless than man, entered the 
regimental hospital and struck his victim. Sergt. 
Rogers, of B, died that day of yellow fever. Several 
deaths from typhoid and bilious fever had occurred 
without special alarm, but in the case of Rogers, Sur- 
geon Holcomb detected symptoms which gave him 
the gravest concern.* He was no alarmist, but to the 
medical director of the department quietly stated his 
ojjinion. This was scouted at once, but results proved 
his correctness of judgment and as well his grand 
ability later to battle with the disease. Here, then, 
had come an enemy against whom breastworks were 
no defense. The alarm did not become general until 
near the middle of Sept., at which time the garrison, 
with the exception of the 15th, was removed, and such 
of the citizens departed as could get away. Private 
proiDcrty was abandoned on all sides, and the regiment 
reduced to less than one-third of its effective service, 
found its duties pressing in the extreme. 

The strictest sanitary measures that coiild be 
enforced with so small a body of men were set in 
operation. On Sept. 25th, two of the old commis- 

*It was the opinion of this eminent physician that a case of this nature occurred as 
early as June. 




Capt. Allen W. Harvey. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 77 

sary btiilding-s were burned as possible plague spots, 
and other methods adopted to check the disease. The 
hospitals were filled to repletion, and many private 
residences were taken for that purpose. The weather 
continued intensely hot. From the 9th to the 28th of 
September, only four deaths had occurred, but on the 
latter date, the disease appeared to take a more fatal 
turn, and from that time until the 31st of October, 
there was scarcely a day in which one or more mem- 
bers (frequently four or five) of the 15th did not give 
up their lives to the terrible scourge. On the 4th of 
October, the regiment had become so weakened that 
it was relieved from provost duty by the ist N. C. 
(colored). Between the ist and 15th of October the 
plague reached it highest destructive limit.* A terrible 
gloom hung over the wretched city. Funeral escorts 
were constantly in the streets, and there were hardly 
well men enough to attend the ill. North and South 
alike looked with horror on the poison struck, swelter- 
ing town. The last fatal case occurred Nov. 6th, and 
thereafter the hopes of the boys began to mend. Not 
the least inspiring agent to rouse their spirits was the 
return of the brigade band about this time, and the 
old familiar music served to relieve the terrible strain 
on many a soldier's mind. 

The' following persons died of yellow fever at 
New Berne, N. C. The record is compiled from the 
diaries of Charles F. Beckley and George W. Smith: 

Company A. 
Pratt Aaron J., 
Redfield Willis, 
Uhl William, 
Total— 3 

Company B. 
Bur well J. Henry, 
Crandall Dudley W. 
Culver Henry, 



1S64. 


Miller Christian, 


Oct. 


7 


Sept. 24 


Rogers Mason, 


Sept. 


9 


Oct. II 


Smith Cornelius R. , 


Oct. 


12 


Oct. 10 


Total— 6 








Company C. 


i8b4. 




1864. 


Bell wood Theodore, 


Oct. 


13 


Oct. 19 


Bracken Timothy, 


Oct. 


4 


Oct. 17 


Dean George, 


Sept. 


3» 


Oct. 4 


Johnson Edward, 


Oct. 


12 



* There were X47 cases treated in the regimental hospital, of which it i. said 33 
per cent terminated fatally. 



78 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEIiS. 



Company C. 1S64. 

Reynolds Garrett H.. Oct. 13 
Smith Septimius S. Capt. Oct. 6 
Sperry Henry E., Oct. 7 

Striby Amos, Oct. 27 

Sturgess Josejih A., Oct. 14 

Tuttle Bliss, Oct. 2 
Total— 10 

Company D. 1864. 

Andrews Sidney M. , Sept. 

Baker John, Sept. 

Curtiss Henry L., Sept. 

Devine Patrick, Oct. 
Hammond Joseph, Oct 

Lines James B., Oct 

Ohnzemach John, Oct 

Pettee Rotheus, Sept 

Story John O., Oct. 

Tread way John H., Sept. 
Wade Charles T., Oct 

Total— II 

Company E. 1864. 

Baldwin Chauncey L., Oct. 

Boyle Charles A., Oct. 

Hull Ellsworth H., Oct. 

Parsons Prescott W. , Oct. 
White Samuel U., Nov. 

Total— 5 

Company F. 1S64. 

Baker James R., Oct. : 

Beach Lyman A., Oct. 

CookAlvahJ., Oct. 



Carpenter Franklin S., 
Crowley Daniel, 
Kenney Alvin, 
Rancorn Joseph, 
Total— 7 

Company G. 
Dougherty Bernard, 
Donnegan Patrick, 
Dutton Theodore, 
Huntley Albert, 
Mortimer Alonzo S., 
Morton Henry, 
Total— 6 

Company H. 
Beecher Franklin K., 
Benjamin Charles A., 
Miller Edward A. , 
Wilson Thomas, 
Total— 4 

Company I. 
Boylan Luke, 
Dudley Edward W., 
Dugan John, 
Osborne John, 
Thompson Geo. W., 
Whaley Adelbert H., 
Total— 6 

Company K. 

Smith Jacob A., 

Total— I 

vStaff Officef 
Ausfur Marshall C, 



Oct. 15 

Sept. 30 

Oct. 14 

Oct. I 

1S64. 
Oct. 9 
Nov. 12 
Oct. 9 
Oct. 12 
Oct. II 
Oct. 12 

1864. 
Oct. 7 
Oct. 9 

Oct. 30 
Sept. 28 

1 864. 
Oct. 13 
Oct. 8 
Oct. 4 
Oct. 19 
Oct. 10 
Oct. 19 

1S64. 
Oct. 3 



Oct. II 



I Oc 


t. 4. 


I 


' 6. 


I 


7- 


1 


' 8. 


2 


' 9- 


4 


' 10. 


2 


' II. 


I 


' 12. 


2 


' I."?- 



Number of deaths. 



Schedule of duration and virulence of the epi 
demic as shown by fatal cases : 

Sept. 9. Number of deaths, 

" 13- 
" 24. 
" 26. 
" 28. 
" 30. 
Oct. I. 



DEFENSE OF TEE UNION. 



79 



Oct. 14 

15 
16 

17 
iS 

19 



Number of deaths, 



Oct. 20 

" 27 

" 30 

" 31 
Nov. 6 

Total— 60 



Number of deaths, i 



Notwithstanding the fierceness of the epidemic 
and the unusual demands made on the regiment in 
consequence, early in October an expedition under 
Capts. Burgess and Davis was despatched to Evans 
Mills, N. C* 

The opportunity is taken at this point to insert the 
famous order "No. 12," which the veterans will 
remember made havoc somewhat with their pay rolls. 
Headquarters 15TH Conn. Vol. Infantry, 

New Berne, N. C, October 27, 1S64. 
General Orders, ) 
No. 12. ) 

The Lieut. Col. Comg. notices that some men of this regiment 
wear other than the proper overcoat, while others have mutilated 
the proper coat by cutting off the cape. This is wrong. 

Commanders of companies will be rigid in their inspections, 
and will make such issues as may be necessary to have every man 
in proper uniform, while all mutilated clothing will be replaced 
by new. By Order of 

LIEUT. COL. SAMUEL TOLLES. 
PHiLir C. Rand, 

Lieut, and Act. Adjt. 

On the 9th of November the epidemic had so far 
abated that the regiment was ordered to return to 
provost duty. It thereupon relieved the ist North 
Carolina and resumed its old posts. 

The next occasion of interest was the big fire 
corner Pollock and Broad streets, Sunday, Nov. 20th. 
The entire regiment was ordered out as a fire depart- 
ment. The wind blew fiercely and it appeared prob- 
able that part of the city would be destroyed. Sev- 
eral buildings were purposely blown up to stay the 
flames, among them a liquo r store, in the cellar of 

^^^bi^^Ukn^^v^^rounded by heavy woods. There was a fort commanding 
the bridge. The latter was taken up every night to prevent any possible surprise. 
The mills were destroyed on this e.xpedition. 



8o FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

which were half a dozen soldiers at the time of the 
explosion. One of these was killed outright, and 
another died shortly after. The others were cov- 
ered with debris, and it was onl}^ by the vitmost 
exertion that they were released from the wreck 
before the fire reached it. During- the following 
night the rubbish caught again and it seemed for a 
time as if the scenes of the day would be repeated. 
The contrabands gathered in large numbers but 
appeared loth to lend assistance to the military which 
was again called upon. Lieut. -Col. Poor, Provost 
Marshal at this time, ordered the negroes to fall in 
for duty. He was speedily told that it being Sunday 
they did not propose to break God's law by working. 
Poor's reply was the repeated command coupled with 
the discharge of his revolver into their very faces. 
One man was severely woimded, after which, in the 
language of Griffin, of C " the colored troops fought 
nobly " and the fire was subdued. 

The first snow fell Nov. 2 2d, reminding the boys 
very sensibly of New England. The last trace of 
fever had departed, and though the vacant places in 
the ranks constantly reminded the living of their 
loss, yet the regiment had regained its nerve and elas- 
ticity. Thanksgiving was observed in camp with as 
much attention to detail as was possible in the cir- 
cumstances, Co. K in particular, signalizing itself 
by an elaborate "spread" in the chapel with the 
accompaniments of "speeches and music." 

December 9th orders were issued for an advance 
in the direction of Kinston, to feel the enemy and, if 
possible, capture the city. This expedition was com- 
posed of the 15th Conn., 5th R. I., 25th Mass., i32d N. 
Y. and 12th N. Y. Cavalry, with a section of a how- 
itzer battery. All were in light marching order, with 
three days' rations and sixty rounds ammunition. 
The two latter commands preceded the others by 
some hours. The 15th got away at midnight in a 
pouring rain, and after a four hours' march reached 



DEFENSE OF TEE UNION. 8i 

a place called " Beech Grove," where a halt was made 
for breakfast. At sunrise the column started and 
continued on until noon, when it came up with the 
advance. Between the terrific rain, the mud and the 
cold weather, the force was compelled to go into 
camp. This delay proved fatal to the object of 
the expedition. The next morning (Sunday, Decem- 
ber nth), it was still raining, but the command got 
under arms at 8 o'clock, the 12th N. Y. Cavalry in 
advance, and at 10 a. m. struck the rebel outposts. 
These were driven back under a scattering fire until 
vSouthwest Creek was reached — about 4 p. m. — where 
a halt was made. vScouts reported the reinforcement 
of Kinston during the delay above mentioned, and 
farther advance was deferred. The cavalry and 
artillery crossed the creek that night and became 
engaged with the enemy next morning while scout- 
ing toward the city. They were compelled to fall 
back again across Southwest Creek to the main force. 
The enemy did not pursue, and the forces gathered 
for the return march. Twenty miles were made 
that day, and at 10 p. m. the column reached Core 
Creek and went into camp, a cold, hungry, tired, 
dispirited body of men. A march of nine miles the 
next day in which the 15th had the advance and 
was several times fired upon by guerrillas, brought 
the forces to Bachelor's Creek, and thence by cars to 
New Berne. Thus closed, with the exception of the 
"Blackberry raid," the most disagreeable and fruitless 
expedition the regiment ever undertook. 

Herewith is appended the official report of the 
12th N. Y., who only were engaged with the enemy: 

Headquarters i2TH N. Y. Cavalry. 

Camp Palmer, near New Berne, N. C, 
December, 1864. 
Capt. E. T. Parkinson, 

Asst. Adjt. Gen.: 
Captain— I have the honor to report that in accordance with 
instructions received, I started with my command, which con- 
sisted of ten troops and a section of a howitzer battery, in all about 

6 



82 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOIUNTEERS. 

four hundred (400) men, at daylight on the 10th instant, and pro- 
ceeded to " Core Creek." where I reported in person to Col. Chas. 
L. Upham, and was instructed by him to take the advance of the 
column with my command. On reaching 'Mosely's Ford," I 
engaged a party of the enemy who were stationed behind rifle 
pits on the opposite bank, and drove them from their position 
with a line of dismounted skirmishers and my howitzer section. 

On reaching " Southwest Creek," on the night of the iithinst., 
I received instructions from the Colonel commanding to send a 
squadron of my command up the road towards Kinston to "feel " 
the enemy. This squadron, under the command of Capt. Van 
Valkenburgh, met a party of about fifty (50) of the enemy's cav- 
alry about one half mile beyond Southwest Bridge, and drove 
them some two miles. On the morning of the 12th inst. , I sent 
out a party of foragers under the command of Lieut. Pierson, who 
were attacked about one mile from Southwest Bridge by the 
enemy's cavalry and artillery, and compelled to retire after hav- 
ing accomplished their mission. 

On the morning of the 12th inst., the enemy's artillery engaged 
my howitzer section at Southwest Bridge, but were silenced after 
a sijirited engagement of about twenty minutes. 

Returning, I left Southwest Creek about 9 a. m., 12th inst., 
and reached this camp without any occurrence on the morning of 
the 13th inst. 

I append a list of the casualties and seizures. 
Casualties. 

Private Daniel Hermann, C troop, taken prisoner between 
Southwest Bridge and Kinston, on the charge of the enemy on 
our foraging party. 

Private Alexander Davidson, howitzer section, slightly wound- 
ed by explosion of a shell during the artillery engagement at 
Southwest Bridge on the morning of the 12th inst. 

Five horses wounded (one mortally) in howitzer section during 
the artillery engagement at Southwest Bridge on morning of the 
i2th inst. 

One horse in D troop, lost in charge of Capt. Van Valkenburgh 
on the enemy on the night of 11th inst. 

One horse in I troop, abandoned as unfit to travel. 

Seizures. 
One horse captured by Capt. H. Watkins, I troop, and in ser- 
vice in his troop, in lieu of one abandoned. 
One horse captured in E troop. 
One horse captured and turned over to Regt'l Q. M. 

R. R WEST, Major 12th N. Y. Cavalry, 

Commanding. 




Cap! Henry H, Stiles. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

OPENING OF THE YEAR 1 865 EXPEDITION TO LITTLE 

WASHINGTON EXPEDITION TO COLERAIN ARRIVAL 

OF TROOPS FROM SHERMAN's ARMY — SECOND RAID 

ON LITTLE WASHINGTON DEPARTURE FROM NEW 

BERNE — THE ADVANCE ON KINSTON. 

The year 1865 opened without more than ordinary 
interest to the 15th. Most of the activity in war cir- 
cles centered about the operations of Grant and Sher- 
man. North Carolina was comparatively quiet. 
The majority of troops within the state at this time 
were " Home Guards," those who had enlisted for its 
defense and who were expected neither to leave its 
soil nor assume the aggressive. (Many such were met 
by the writer at New Berne and Kinston in 1892.) 
This gave the Union forces at the former place a fairly 
quiet winter. The 15th, to please itself and to do 
honor to one who had become a most popular officer, 
presented their chaplain the Rev. John B. Doolittle, 
a magnificent horse and trappings as a Christmas gift. 
It was a big hearted tribute bestowed upon an 
equally big hearted man. 

Early in January the blacks celebrated the anni- 
versary of the Emancipation proclamation with con- 
siderable vigor, as many will remember. On the 9th 
a caisson exploded in the 3d N. Y. battery wounding 
half a dozen men. The weather was mild and the 
health of the regiment excellent. 

On the 1 8th a detail of fifty men under Col. 
McChestney, with seven days' rations, was dispatched 
to Little Washington on a reconnoissance. It 
developed the enemy in more force than was expected 
and returned the next day with several men wounded 
and generally the worse for the treatment received. 



84 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

This expedition was not so successful as that 
started the same day under Capt. Robert O. Bradley, 
up the Chowan river. Bradley with 150 men of the 
15th, together with one company of the Loyal North 
Carolina cavalry, under Capt. Hone, two pieces artil- 
lery under Lieut. Lowe, and the whole under com- 
mand of Col. Frank, left New Berne on the i8th and 
ran up the Chowan on the 21st to Colerain, (scene of 
a former visit). While at the landing at the latter 
place, the steamer sprang a leak and went down in 
twenty feet of water with her stem on the bank; 
word was despatched to New Berne for another trans- 
port, and the force struck out on an expedition into 
the country. Three or four citizens were arrested for 
giving aid and information to the enemy and their 
stock and property confiscated. Among the items 
captured were sixty-four bales cotton, seven bales of 
yarn, 180 bales smoking tobacco, 11 1 boxes plug 
tobacco weighing from 112 to 115 pounds each, 
besides other stores of value. The raid struck ter- 
ror throughout the entire district and no resistance 
was offered. Col. Frank got away with the supplies 
and reached New Berne unharmed. 

About the first of February military movements 
began in all the departments. It was the deter- 
mination of the Government to force matters to 
a climax so soon as the season would allow. To this 
end an advance of the forces in North Carolina was 
ordered. Sherman was coming up from the vSouth. 
Early in the month great quantities of lumber and 
other material were shipped to Bachelor's Creek, to 
rebuild the railroad bridges on the route toward 
Kinston. On the 9th a strong detachment was 
brought up from Morehead City. On the 12th a train 
load of troops came from Sherman's army, and on 
the 15th 540 drafted men from Illinois reached our 
camp. The latter had been in the service five months, 
but during that time according to one account * had 

*G. W. Sniitli's Diary. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 85 

drilled but four hours. They were designed as 
recruits for Sherman's army, but so poorly fitted for 
the rapid movements and service of that army as to 
be worthless to him. Accordingly they were assigned 
temporarily to Col. Upham for drill and instructions. 

On the 17th another raid was devised on Little 
Washington. One hundred men of the 15th and 200 
of the 12th N. Y., with four howitzers under com- 
mand of Capt. Graham, of the latter regiment, started 
at 5 o'clock p. m. The 15th with two of the 
pieces of artillery went by boat ; the others by 
land. Little Washington was reached next day 
at noon, where the forces joined and la)^ outside 
the breastworks until night when the infantry 
returned to the steamer. The next morning (19th) 
they were disembarked and again deployed outside 
the fortifications. Capt. Graham with his cavalry, in 
the meanwhile raided the surrounding country 
destroying much property and wound up the day by 
capturing a squad of four officers, and twenty-one 
men. The force then re-embarked on the " Escort " 
and returned to New Berne without the loss of a 
man. 

On the 25th of February two officers and 59 men 
of the 6th N. C. cavalry voluntarily came into camp 
and laid down their arms, followed the next day by 
sixty more from the same regiment. This action 
gave our boys renewed courage. The air began to 
fill with rumors of the approaching dissolution of 
the Confederacy. On the 28th the regiment was 
mustered for sIk months' pay, and on March ist, the 
following orders were promulgated: 

Headquarters District ok Beaufort. 
New Berne, N. C, March ist, 1865. 
General Orders, } 
No. 2. f 

The troops within this district, exclusive of post garrisons and 
the ist Division of the 23d Corps, will be temporarily organized 
into two divisions, as follows : 



86 VIFTKENTH CONNECTICUT VOL UNTEERS. 

ist Division, Brig. Gen. I. N. Palmer, Commanding. 
i32d N. Y. Vol. Infantry. 
Ssth " 
9th N.' J. " 
23d Mass. " " 

2d Mass. Heavy Artillery. 
Batteries C and D, 3d N. Y. Light i\rtillery. 
Also, ist and 3d Brigades of the Provisional Division lately com- 
manded by Brig. Gen. Meagher. 

2d Division, Brig. Gen. S. P. Carter, Commanding. 
15th Conn. Vol. Infantrv. 
25th Mass. " 
17th 
27th 

Batteries A, I, and G, 3d N. Y. Light Artillery. 
Also, 2d Provisional Brigade and the iSth Wisconsin Vol. Infantry. 
By Command of 

MAJOR GEN. COX, &c. 

Gen. Carter being ordered to organize his division 
into three brigades, issued the following : 

Headquarters Second Division, 

District of Beaufort, 
New Berne, N. C, March i, 1S65. 
General Orders, ( 
No. 2. f 

The troops comprising this division will be temporarilj^ organ- 
ized into three brigades as follows: 

ist Brigade, Col. A. G. Malloy, Commanding. 
2d Brigade Meagher's Division. 
iSth Wisconsin. 
2d Brigade, Col. Charles L. Upham, Commanding. 
15th Conn. 
27th Mass. 
3d Brigade, Lieut. Col. Henry Splain, Commanding. 
17th Mass. 
25th Mass. 

Battery A, 3d N. Y. Artillery (dismounted). 
Batteries I and G, 3d N. Y. Artillery, will report direct to these 
headquarters. 

By Command of 

BRIG. GEN. S. P. CARTER, &c. 

The foregoing bulletins show the formation of the 
force, and indicate the position of the 15th Conn. The 



DEFENtiE OF THE UNION. 87 

full strength of the expedition is not known to the 
writer Col. Upham's brigade as stated, was composed 
of the 15th, with 680* officers and men and the 27th 
Mass., with 217* officers and men. 

The movement began on the second of the month. 
Co K remained as provost guard and the remainder 
of 'the regiment left New Berne by cars at noon for 
Bachelor's Creek. The latter point was the limit of 
railroad transportation, and from there the march 
really commenced. It was a cold, rainy day, and 
the troops were in heavy marching order. Dove s 
Forks Z reached at nightfall, where a ^^It was niade^ 
but the storm increasing in force rendered the night 
■ 1 I0 Wr^nnilv the next day's march was 
^h:; 'Z::^-Jt^X ana at /p. n. the .egi- 
'n nt resteer at Core Creek ^^here it went tnto tem- 
Dorarvcamp Thiswason Friday, March 3d. The col 
ITrested for thcartiUery to come np^wh.ch arrived 
Saturday and Sunday. It was a bad delay. I Gen^ 
Cox ant cipated he could wait two days m the enemy s 
country without his presence being known, he must 

^^^r/trtirthetr°cr:^ere rearr.an,ed, and 
the plan'of attack agreed upon^ ^ Col^Upham s b - 

^^-= rtrcniLtttHtir mrv:;e;tcor.";him 

^de^tt -r^L -talions placing tlte ..- .™tg 

companies under --™;;«' .°*o^^:;"^,^° „„ Monday 
the left wing under ^^'^d. had come up, four days' 
morning, March 6th, "'<>[>-J°'^> '^'^^^;;°'^^<i P'e^sed, and 
rations had been cooked, ^0 'am ha ^^^^^^^^ 
-the enemy been notified C«l. Upla^ 
to lead the advance on *^D°"';'°"'^;ed steadily 
He got offprmnptlyam^ f 

* Field Report, March 5th. 



88 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

until noon, when a halt of an hour was made for din- 
ner. The route, for the most part lay through woods 
and swamps, and in the afternoon the road was found 
blockaded with fallen timber to dela}- the march. 
This was cleared to allow passage for the artillery. 
Skirmishers were kept well in advance, but no enemy 
discovered until toward evening when Capt. Graham 
snapped up a couple of rebel picket posts. The force 
kept on to the junction of the railroad with the Dover 
road, where night overtook them, and a halt was 
made. A strong guard was thrown out and the bri- 
gade lay on its arms. This j^lace was known as " Gum 
Swamp." 

On the morning of the 7th, the following order was 
issued: 

HeAD(JUARTERS 2D DIVISION, 

District of Beaufort. 
Col. Charles L. Cpham, 

Commanding- ist Brigade, 2d Division: 

Colonel — As it is important to husband the artillery ammuni- 
tion as far as is practicable, I hope you will not permit the sections 
of artillery to expend their ammunition uselessly. When there is 
an opportunity of having your shots do execution, then give it to 
the rebels. Be vigilant. 

I am, Colonel, yours respectfully, 
.S. P. CARTER, 

B. G. Commanding. 

In addition to the foregoing, the following mem- 
orandum was sent to Col. Upham, written hurriedly 
upon a small scrap of paper : 

Col. Upham to make his headquarters at or near Jackson's 
]\lill. His pickets on the right as close as possible to Southwest 
Creek, to connect with Gen. Palmer's left. Major Clarkson with 
his two companies of cavalry to move on the British road, his 
pickets to extend well towards the upper Trent road. Be very 
vigilant and gain all the information possible with regard to 
banks, width and depth of creek, as well as of enemy's strength, 
&c. My headquarters will be at Wise's Forks. 

vS. P. CARTER. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 89 

Col Upham's pickets were called in at noon, arid 
at 2 o'clock his brigade was ordered forward. The 
i,2d N Y of Gen. Palmer's division, had reached 
the ground the day previous, and established its 
lines within a short distance of the enemy. _ The 
xcth Conn, received orders to relieve this regiment 
that it might return to its place in the First division. 
From this point, omitting his opening remarks 
already covered in this narrative, we quote Col. 
Upham's report. 

Headouarters 15TH Conn. Vol. Infantry 

KiNSTON, N. C, April 15, 1865- 

* Brig. Gen. H. J. Morse, 

Adjutant General State of Conn.: 
General-0„ the 6th of March the army '-'-^f^'^^^X^^ 

in^s with artillery and infantry well entrenched, ^bou - P 
of'the 7th, I was ordered to the left to reheve a por^ n th^^ 
Brigade, ist Division, then at J^^^^^son s Mills. Arm g 
C.mpanies A and I, of the xst Battahon (Lieut- ^^J^^"^;^^^^^. 
deployed as skirmishers, the remainder of the ^^"^^;°y ^^ 
i„g the supports and the Packet line_conneeting.nh^^^^^^^ ^^^ 

our right, three-fourths of a ^^4.^^^,^^"^- , J^^^^ ,nd a half in 
our division went into camp ^^^^^^^^^^'^^rweVr^^^^^^ to 
our rear. Our ^^^J --^^^^^^^^^^^ the 

picket as far as the upper irem lu , During 

possibility of the enemy passing our left ^«^^-°-J \° ^J^^ ^^^^,;, 
?he night the skirmish line, under Lieut Col. ^^^J^ ,,, 
forward to within one hundred yards of the enem> 
entrenched. ,^PTi,-f1 on us with artil- 

About 10 a. m. of the Sth, the ^^^^ ^"^^'tZ^.r. became 
ery, which was returned by our ^^^^^^^^^^ X^;^^ ,^. enemy 
briskly engaged. Receiving ^^'-^-^^''^I'^lll^ .^h Mass. into 
was moving upon a road on our 1^"; J °^^f ^^j^-,^ ^^d with skir- 
the woods to - ^eft, forming- 
mishers thrown out on both nanks. ^ 



* Adjiitant General's Report, i8 



go FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEIIS. 

a sudden and impetuous attack upon the 27th Mass. Directing 
that the 2d Battalion of the 15th change front to meet it, and the 
artillery to report to me at the crossing of the British road, I pro- 
ceeded in that direction and found the enemy to have possession 
of that part of the field, and, advancing rapidly, gained the roads, 
thereby preventing communication with Lieut. Col. Tolles and 
Major Osborne. At the same time the enemy advanced on our 
right, and, cutting our picket line in two, almost completely sur- 
rounded the troops, who were soon compelled to surrender. 

The only officer escaping was Lieut. Bowman, who with a few 
men ran the gauntlet of a hot fire to make their escape. From an 
A. D. C. of Gen. Bragg, who was present on the Sth and after- 
ward taken prisoner, I learn that the rear attack was made by 
Hokes' Division, 6,000 strong 

No information was received by me of the ajDproach of the 
enemy, despatches from the General commanding having fallen 
into the hands of the enemy. 

I have to regret the loss of Capt. Bassett. He was mortally 
wounded on the skirmish line just before the rear attack. He 
was a brave and faithful officer. 

Not having been able to receive reports from commanding 
officers, I am unable to give a more complete report, but will for- 
ward such casualties as are known. The regiment is at present 
on dutv at this post. 

CHARLES L. UPHAM, 

Colonel Commanding Regiment. 

To return to the details of the engagement. 
As indicated in the preceding report, Companies A, 
Capt. Bassett, and I, Capt. Buttricks, were ordered to 
deploy as skirmishers and the brigade moved forward 
to position. The rebel battery opened fire and there 
was a brisk cannonade for a time but with little effect. 
During the relieving of the N. Y. regiment the Con- 
federate skirmishers seeing the bold stand taken by 
our forces, retired across the creek and opened a scat- 
tering fire on our lines, wounding a few men. Col. 
Upham posted the two wings of the 15th on each 
side of the main road leading from Wise's Forks to 
the Creek with Co. I, 3d N. Y. Artillery (2 guns) a 
little in the rear. The 27th Mass., Col. Bartholomew 
(175 men) formed on the extreme left at a right angle 
to the left wing of the 15th. [See diagram]. 




Col. Charles L. Upham. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 91 

By this disposition, Gen. Carter's line of battle (or 
Col. Upham's rather) did not exceed 500 yards. 
Directly in his front lay Jackson's Mills, on vSouthwest 
Creek and the bridge near by which had now come to 
be the disputed point. To defend this crossing the 
rebels had thrown up a small earth work in its rear 
and run in a couple of guns of a light battery. 

Thus stood the situation on the evening of the 
7 th. During the night companies A and I were pushed 
forward a few yards, and knowing that discovery in 
the morning would draw the rebel fire, protected 
themselves with such defense as they were able to 
construct out of their knapsacks, and a little earth 
thrown up with their cups and plates. (There was 
but one shovel in each company). It was not much 
of a breastwork but served partially to conceal them 
from the sharpshooters. The night passed quietly, 
though there was little sleep within our lines. It does 
not appear that Gen. Cox, in command of the force, 
supplied either of his division commanders with 
information of what they would probably meet, and 
in turn neither Palmer nor Carter communicated any- 
thing definite to their brigade officers. 

Indeed the whole movement seems wretchedly 
conducted, and without a competent head. No pains 
was taken by Gen. Carter to move up his reserves, 
nearer than Wise's Forks. The 17th and 25th Mass. 
were at his disposal, though it is supposed the former 
was picketing the left flank. If so, it gave no 
warning of the approach of Hoke's forces next day, 
but allowed him to burst through like a torrent on 
Upham's flank. Besides this, it cannot be shown that 
a crossing of Southwest Creek at any other place 
than Jackson's Mills was contemplated, on account of 
the stream being much swollen from the recent rains, 
and on that point the forces should have been con- 
centrated; yet Palmer's division quietly went into 
camp a mile away from Carter's right, without 



92 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

even the formality of establishing- communication 
with the latter. Such a disposition of forces, unless 
of great magnitude, seems hardly justifiable while 
pushing into an enemy's country. On the other hand 
it may be urged that Gen. Cox had instructions no 
farther than to develop the enemy, and await orders 
from Department Commander vSchofield. One thing 
is certain, however, that whatever policy he may 
have had in view, he left entirely out of sight the 
possible emergency of the rebel commander assuming 
the offensive. 




7^Z^-^- 



CHAPTER IX. 

KINSTON. 

The attack was opened by the Confederate artillery 
back of the bridge at the mill, shortly after 9 o'clock 
on the morning of the 8th. The position was as indi- 
cated in the preceding diagram. The 15th was early 
under arms (indeed for that matter it had been in line 
all night) but there was very little exposure of forces, 
neither side at first appearing particularly anxious to 
force matters. The 3d N. Y. battery replied to the 
fire and the compliments of the morning were thus 
exchanged at easy range. The infantry was quiet, as 
there was no maneuvering for position, and except 
for an occasional shot there was little to indicate the 
presence of two opposing forces until about the 
middle of the forenoon, when the sound of musketry 
on the extreme left stirred up in the boys the 
expectation that it was the beginning of the struggle, 
and that the fire would work up the line until all 
were involved. In this they were not disappointed; 
the engagement soon became general and was con- 
tinued for a couple of hours, but with fewer casual- 
ties than one would expect, judged by the force * in 
front and the volume of its fire. The attention of 
companies A and I was thus not allowed to be 
diverted a moment from the business they had on 

hand. 

Thus the morning wore away. A little after 11 
o'clock word reached Col. Upham of the advance of 
the enemy up the British road, on his flank. He 
instantly despatched orders to avert this attack, but 
the oncoming was so rapid that before our forces 
were aware. Gen. Hoke with his command had swept 

*Estimated at 2,500 by Col. Tolles in The Democratic Lever, Sept. 2, .87.. 



94 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 



away the cavalry pickets and was advancing in three 
lines of battle with 8,000 men. It seems that during 
the morning and while the skirmishers had been so 
cunningly kept busy at " the front " the rebel com- 
mander had made a detour of 8 or 10 miles on our 
flank and rear, absolutely unseen by the Union scouts 
until the storm broke. 

The 27th Mass., placed at right angles to the left 
of the 15th Conn., first came under fire. The rebel 
right over-lapped it by many yards, enfilading and 
doubling it back upon itself. It broke b}^ the right 
flank and came through the lines of the 15th on the 
run, holding its place long enough however for Maj. 
Osborne to change front with his battalion. This 
was accomplished in the face of a severe fire, a move- 
ment rarely attempted except by the inost seasoned 
troops. The fire of the 15th, though it gave a tem- 
porary check to the assault could not long delay it, 
and the rebel lines of battle not a hundred yards 
apart bore steadily down on our flank. 

Meanwhile matters were excessively lively at the 
front. The rebel infantry there, at the first sound of 
the rebel guns in our rear, crossed the creek on logs 
and improvised bridges and attacked us. Our skir- 
mishers under Capts. Bassett and Buttricks held them 
in check. Yet the close range of the field allowed 
their sharp-shooters to search every portion of it. 
Major Osborne finding his first line getting too hot, 
gave orders to fall back. This movement was success- 
fully made although it involved a second change of 
front, and a position was taken behind a rail fence 
some twenty rods in the rear. Here he made a second 
stand and resisted the onslaught with such bravery 
and steadiness as to excite the wonder of the rebel 
leaders. vSaid the Colonel of the 57th N. C. to Lieut. 
Goodrich of Co. G, 15th Conn., then an aid on Gen. 
Palmer's stafl:: "During all my experience of army 
life I have never seen such an exhibition of hard fight- 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



95 



ing as that given by the 15th Conn, regiment at Kins- 
ton, N. C. I saw them change front three separate 
times and " dress up " as if on parade. We had to 
entirely surround them before they would surrender. 
We also felt that such officers .and men were entitled 
to better treatment as prisoners of war, and I believe 
special favors in some instances were shown them." 

But even pluck could not win in this unequal con- 
test. From the front, the rear, the flank, a storm of 
lead increasing every moment, was thinning tlieir 
ranks; moreover they were swiftly being enveloped 
by the swarming host when Major Osborne reluctantly 
gave the order to retreat, and the battalion took to 
the right as the only course left open for escape. On 
came Hoke's lines now freed from all hindrance 
with such yells as only a victorious force can produce. 
Our skirmish line being fully occupied with business 
in their front did not know of the break behind them 
until the rebel bullets caught them from the rear. 
Even then there were no signs of wavering. Lievit. 
Linsley, in command of Co. C. (support to Capt. But- 
tricks), who was lying with his men in a ditch, was the 
first to observe the rout of the left wing. In the nat- 
ural course of things he would have received an imme- 
diate order to withdraw, but none came. He " held 
the fort " until the enemy was within ten rods, when 
he coolly moved to the right and reported to Col. 
Tolles. This it seems was the first intimation the 
latter officer had of the nearness of the enemy. He 
at once gave orders to call in the skirmishers, and it 
was while upon this errand to Capt. Buttricks that 
Lieut. Bishop, of Co. D, was wounded. By this time 
the 15th had lost its formation and there was a gen- 
eral go-as-you-please gait struck for the woods on 
the right where it was supposed Gen. Palmer's divis- 
ion was lying. Buttrick's skirmishers were the last 
to leave their places, but once under way they ran on 
strictly business principles. Their gallant captain 



96 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOIUNTEEBS. 

whose legs would fain have carried him along too, 
conceived it more appropriate and in accordance with 
military usages to report to his superior officer than 
to run; accordingly he sought out Col. Tolles. Him 
he found sitting alone, on a five-rail fence near his 
headquarters, apparently the most unconcerned man 
of the lot. The fire of the enemy was still kept up 
and lead was freely whistling around him. " Well, 
Captain," said the Colonel, very calmly, "what the 
devil does this mean ? " 

"It means" was the reply, "for us to leave this 
place. It looks as if we wasn't wanted here." And 
with that the two veterans bade good-bye to head- 
quarters and followed in the wake of the retreating 
15th. 

There is very little more to relate in connection 
with this engagement. A flight of less than a thousand 
yards and the entire force ran plump into the net 
waiting to receive them. A strong detachment of the 
rebel force had crossed the creek lower down and 
worked in unseen between the divisions of Carter 
and Palmer, cutting off every avenue of escape for 
the former. Surrender followed as a matter of 
course. The vState color was with Co. C, in the left 
wing. Corporals Griffin and Finnigan had it in 
charge, and were compelled at their capture to give 
it up. The national color was with the right wing, in 
charge of Corporals Hubbard and Marvin. By the 
aid of "legs and lack " they succeeded in gaining the 
rear with it, and it rests to-day in the Capitol at 
Hartford with the other sacred relics of the State. 

The usual experiences followed the capture of the 
regiment. The "Johnnies," to use the current war 
phrase, " went through " our boys, relieving them 
generally of all things of a portable nature. A few 
trades were made, but as the Yank wasn't in very 
suitable circumstances to dictate how he would 
" swap," it generally ended by his giving up every- 





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Lieut. Charles S. Gray. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. gy 

thing- to his Southern brother. Brutality was in some 
cases shown. The testimony of the captured men 
does not confirm the assertion of the North Carolina 
officer referred to, that special leniency was shown 
their prisoners for so plucky a defense. For instance, 
Capt. White was knocked down with the breech of a 
musket and his overcoat taken by a Confederate 
colonel; his gold watch also was snatched by a pri- 
vate. Lieut. Bishop's gold watch was taken from 
him, but was afterward redeemed with Capt. White's 
field glass. Lieut. Burgess' watch was taken, etc., etc. 
There was scarcely a man who was not compelled to 
pay tribute of some kind to his captor. 

The result of the day's work bore little similarity 
to the anticipations of the morning. The companies 
were rent and torn. Of the officers, the gallant 
Osborne and the equally intrepid Bishop were 
severely wounded, the latter mortally. Capt. Bassett 
was killed. Capt. White and Lieut. Burritt had each 
been hit. Of the rank and file, twenty-four were 
killed and forty-nine wounded. 

The following table of the casualties of the regi- 
ment has been prepared from the Conn. Record : 

COMPANY A. 

KILLED. WOUNDED. 

Capt. Julius Bassett, Robei't O. Williams, 

George N. Bailey, Elbridge Wright, 

Eugene Bouvard. L. M. Camp, 

Felix McCabe. 

COMPANY B. 

KILLED. WOUNDED. 

John ]\I. Corlea, John ^Moore, 

Philip Doonks, Merwin E. Palmer, 

Antonio Domingo. . Edward Smith, 

Charles D. Barnes, 
Hiram N. Childs, 
Robert Agnew, 
S. C. Canfield, 
Ammi B. Palmer. 



8 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEBS. 

COMPANY C. 

KILLED. WOUNDED. 

None. John E. Towner, 

Patrick Harrigan, 
Frank Emanuel (died), 
James Albert, 
Barney Carroll, 
William B. Clark (died), 
Timothy Costello, 
Francis D. Mosher. 

COMPANY D. 

KILLED. WOUNDED. 

Mathew Brown, Lieut. E. W. Bishop, 

John Groth, William S. Childs, 

Thomas Nichols. Franz Bauer, 

John Callahan, 
William Clark, 
Charles Hack, 
Joseph Hance, 
Frederic Liebeck, 
Emil Montard. 

COMPANY E. 

KILLED. WOUNDED. 

John ilallen. Capt. G. M. White, 

George W. Manville, 
Lewis B. Bristol, 
John Cull, 
William Griffin, 
Arthur L. Johnson, 
N. P. Shippey, 
Rufus J. Spencer, 
William Walker. 

COMPANY F. 

KILLED. WOUNDED. 

None. William Clark. 

COMPANY G. 

KILLED. WOUNDED. 

Lewis Blatchly, Sergt.J.Kegelmeyer (mort'ly.) 

Patrick Burke, Walter P. Bryan, 

Frank Cardnell, Thomas BuUivant, 

Harmon S. Johnson, Michael Burns, 

Marie Jean, Pierre Marie, 

Augustus Reichwin. Patrick Murphy, 

Arland Peterson, 
George Smith. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. . gg 

COMPANY H. 

KILLED. WOUNDED. 

Charles A. Beardsley, Lieut. Burritt, 

Elias C. Andrews, Henry T. Hoadley, 

Charles Patterson. Nelson S. Smith, 

Patrick Clark, 
John Maher, 
Elijah S. Williams. 

COMPANY I. 

KILLED. WOUNDED. 

Calvin Albee, Corp. Frank Philips, (mort'ly.) 

Darius E. Barnes, John Kearney, (mortally.) 

Henry W. Kelsey, Jonathan Morse, Jr. 

James AValker, Harvey E. Burns, 

Darius Dowlmg, Thomas Fisher, 

Burton Bradley, John D. Jenkins, 

William Davis. James Tate, 

John McDonald. 

The official report of the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 
made March loth, is endorsed as follows: 15th Conn, 
Vols. — Killed, wounded and missing, 15 officers, 657 
men; 27th Mass. Vols. — Killed, wounded and miss- 
ing, 6 officers, 200 men. 

Col. Upham, Adjutant Rand, Lieut. Bowman, with 
a few others, succeeded in getting clear of the enemy. 
They escaped upon the extreme right. A singular 
instance of providential interposition happened to 
Chaplain John B. Doolittle during the engagement. 
While sitting near the colors of the right wing he 
was urged by Corporal Hubbard to retire out of 
range of the enemy's fire just then becoming alarm- 
ingly accurate. The chaplain demurred, claiming it 
was his place to be along-side " the boys " but after 
further persuasion reluctantly fell back. A private 
of the 27th Mass. dropped into the vacant seat and 
was instantly killed. 

Another incident of this field was the recovery 
years afterward of a Bible lost on it at that time. It 
is worthy of a place here. It seems that Capt. Mun- 



I oo FIFTEENTH CONNECl TC UT VOL UNTEEItS. 

son of Co. K, being in Philadelphia in 1882, chanced 
to pick np the Times, a paper published in that 
city and saw this communication: 

To the Editor of iJie Times : 

I have in my possession a small pocket Bible, wliicli I found in 
a knapsack on the battlefield near Kinston, N. C , in ^larch, 1S65, 
which has the name of Henry S. Allen, Co. I, 15th Conn. Vols. 
If Mr. Allen or any of his friends or relatives should see this, I 
will take great pleasure in sending it to them, if they will give me 
their address. JULIUS CATCHIN. 

Enfield, N. C. 

Capt. Munson, who knew Allen well, forwarded him 
the notice. The latter's knapsack with all its con- 
tents, like so many knapsacks of his comrades, had 
been built into the slight breastwork in front of him 
with the intention of resuming it when he moved, 
but unfortunately he was so much hurried when 
that time came that baggage was of no account. 
Allen communicated with Mr. Catchin and in due 
course of time received his Bible safe and sound. 

Extract from ^Ir. Catchin's Letter. 
I found the Bible in the possession of a negro boy who was the 
servant of one of our surgeons, and I took it from him. After 
seeing what was written on the fly leaves, I made up my mind to 
take care of it, and, if possible, restore it to its owner. I can say 
with pleasure that during the whole of my life as a soldier, which 
was 3^ years, I never did take from a prisoner, wounded or dead, 
a single article. I felt that it was wrong, &c. , &c. 

Of all the officers' swords, surrendered at that time 
none was ever recovered except that of Capt. Davis. 

Concerning the escape of some of the 15th Conn., 
William H. Nichols, of Co. I, makes this statement: 

" I was one of the lucky ones that escaped; I often 
think of it. You must know that I was looking 
around all the night before to see what I could find 
in the eating line and I had picked up a water pail of 
eggs and other notions. When the rebs flanked us 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. loi 

I knew the back roads so well that I went down one 
of them and struck on to the old Hull road ahead of 
all the crowd. Then I started back to see if I could 
get my knapsack, for I did not want the Johnnies to 
get that, but I had not gone far before I met the 
crowd running" from the battle field and they all 
came in a hurry. One of the first was Loper, the 
drummer, and in a short time came Col. Upham and 
one of his staff, I think that he belonged to the 17th 
Mass.; they were both on horseback, and shortly after 
came Color Sergeant Hubbard with the old flag flutter- 
ing in the wind; to see him you would think that he 
was on parade, and the 'Johnnies' were sending the 
' minnies ' after him as fast as they could, but he 
escaped all right with it." 

Corp. Hubbard also graphically describes his 
retreat from the field with the national color and 
ascribes it to good luck only that the guard was 
enabled to do it. Even when withdrawn to compara- 
tive safety, he kept it flying in the face of the enemy 
who used it for a long range target greatly to the 
dismay of some of the forces in reserve. 

Says Sergt. John E. Towner, of Co. C. * " The 
wounded as fast as gathered at the mill were sent 
back a short distance to a field hospital in the rear of 
the rebel breastworks. Here those wounds requiring 
immediate attention were dressed by the Confed- 
erate surgeons. It was at this place that Palmer, of 
Co. B, had his arm amputated. Toward night we 
were taken across the creek and up to Kinston. We 
were quartered in an old building standing on the 
corner of the first square after crossing the river. 
Here all minor wounds were attended to and the sur- 
geons were busy until well along in the night. As 
fast as cared for we were passed into an upper room 
to sleep on the bare floor and fortunate were they 
who had saved their blankets." 

* Eiary. 



I o 2 FIFTEENTH CONN ECTIV U T VOL UNTEERS. 

Says Corp. S. H. French, of Co. E, * " It took us 
about two hours to go to Kinston, distance four miles- 
As we marched along the boys kept joining us, 
together with the officers. We arrived there at 4 
p. m., stayed tintil 6 p. m., when we were put on the 
cars and started for Goldsboro, where we arrived at 9 
p. m." 

f Capt. White, speaking of the matter, says: " We 
were captured about i o'clock p. m. and taken to 
Jackson's ^Mills, a strong position within the rebel 
lines. While on the wav there we found some men 
trying to carry Lieut. E. W. Bishop in a blanket. 
The guard gave us permission to assist them. Soon 
after reaching the mill ]Maj. Osborne was brought in. 
Capt. Davis and myself remained with Osborne and 
Bishop until an ambulance came for them at half-past 
four. We asked permission of Dr. Mathews, the Con- 
federate surgeon, to remain with them, which was 
granted. We made them comfortable as we could on 
reaching Kinston, and stayed by them without a 
guard until they were put on the train for Goldsboro 
next day." 

This history would not be complete without allu- 
sion to the opinions of some of its officers concern- 
ing the Kinston fight. Quoting Col. Tolles, J ''While 
the regiment made a good fight, considering the odds 
against them, they w^ere unfortunate in not receiving 
the credit to which the}^ were justly entitled. That 
there was mismanagement no one can deny. The 
fault, however, must not rest with the 15th. but with 
the officers in command of the army. There was 
unquestionably a lack of vigilance in that direction. 
The 15th was placed in the advance, knowing that 
they confronted a force of more than double their 
number, and for fifteen hours had been contending 
with that force. During this time some 6,000 or 7,000 
men were lying quietly something over a mile in our 



♦Diary. + Personal recollections. tZe^ Democratic Lt~:'cr, 1S71. 




\,. Ji^. a/^. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



103 



rear, waiting for reinforcements to arrive, pre- 
paratory to an attack on Kinston, not dreaming 
that there would be any fighting of a serious nature, 
till that time, or that they would be called upon 
to repel an attack. Feeling thus secure the 
safeguards which any careful general should have 
thrown around his army were neglected. This 
neglect was the misfortune of the 15th, and while we 
held the rebel forces long enough for Gen. Carter to 
recover from his stupid blunder by concentrating his 
command, we never received from that officer the 
credit which he by courtesy and right should have 
awarded us. Had Gen. Hoke moved on the main 
army he would have found them entirely unprepared 
to repel an attack " 

Says Capt. White again: " Our little isolated brigade 
which Hoke supposed was the main column, held at 
bay the entire rebel force composed of Hoke's, Cheat- 
ham's, and part of S. D. Lee's divisions until Gens. 
Ruger and Palmer were apprised of the danger and in 
position to meet it. There was not, and we all knew 
there was not for us a fighting chance. The only 
thing which from the first it had been possible for us 
to do was to gain time for the main column to get in 
readiness for the assault. For a time afterwards, the 
15th Conn, ceased to exist as a fighting force in the 
field. It had been placed in the most trying position 
which ever falls to the lot of soldiers, and it had hero- 
ically held an overwhelming force of the enemy in 
check until his attack ceased to be a surprise." 

Such was the fortune of the Lyon Regiment. The 
8th of March is the most memorable date in all its 
history.* When the day closed it was on a torn and 
disordered host; a part was in Kinston, a part (the 
larger) in Goldsboro, and a part (Co. K) on the way 
from New Berne and rapidly nearing Wise's Forks, 



*The regiment received the thanks of Gen. Carter for its gallantry in Field Order 
No. 6. 



I04 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

and it is to the latter force attention will be directed 
before following the fortunes of its imprisoned com- 
rades. Company K, Capt. Munson, remained as pro- 
vost guard at New Berne until relieved by the i6th 
Conn. This was on March 7th. On the 8th, it took 
the cars at 6 p. m. for Kinston, going about twenty 
miles, or so far as the railroad was available, and 
went into camp in the woods. The next morning a 
march of ten miles brought it to the main army at 
Wise's Forks. On this company the remnants of the 
regiment rallied, and with its colonel and its colors 
was still a fighting organization. 

The 9th was spent by Carter's forces in throwing 
up breastworks along the Trent road and other- 
wise protecting themselves. Toward 6 o'clock the 
enemy furiously attacked his picket line but was 
driven back after several ineffectual assaults. The 
T5th was not engaged. The entire night was employed 
by both forces in preparation for the coming struggle. 
It was impossible for the Union forces to withdraw, 
and it was equally improbable that the enemy would 
fail to renew the assault. 

On the loth the 15th Conn, mustered for duty as 
follows:* Col. Chas. L. Upham; Lieut. P. C. Rand; 
Capt. M. D. Munson, of Co. K. Besides the above 
officers there were four others not named, and 219 
enlisted men. 

There were also 31 men on special duty and 6 in 
the hospital, making a total of 263. 

The loth opened cloudy and damp. Rain had 
fallen at intervals during the night and the intense 
darkness had been of advantage to both sides. Between 
9 and 10 o'clock a. m. the rebel skirmishers made their 
appearance. An attack on the Union breastworks was 
evident from their maneuvering, and Gen. Carter dis- 
posed his force to meet it. The 15th had a place in 
the left centre. It was not until noon that the enemy 

* I\Iornin;< Report. 




Capt. Medad D. Munson, 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



105 



acquired sufficient courage to make a direct assault. 
It began on our left. This was valiantly repulsed 
with much loss to them. The second charge was 
made on the right, but with no better results. After 
a little delay, a third attack more vicious than the 
others followed on the centre, but here again the 
defense was more than equal, and the columns of the 
enemy were routed a third time. There was no ques- 
tion of their bravery in this attack. In spite of the 
decimating fire they swarmed to the very foot of our 
breastworks, unable to advance farther and refusing 
to retreat. The Union forces were alike immovable. 
It was as stubborn a bit of fighting, for an hour or more, 
as the most ambitious soldier could wish. Our artillery 
played no unimportant part in this engagement, send- 
ing in canister at such short range that it was neces- 
sary to throw down a portion of the breastworks that 
the guns might do full execution. As intimated, the 
attack failed. It was renewed again on the left, and 
also once more on the right, but both were equally 
futile. During these assaults a number of the enemy 
voluntarily came within our lines and surrendered. 
Night put an end to the conflict and Gen. Hoke with- 
drew to a safe distance. The 15th sustained no loss, 
and if Co. K did fail to receive its share of the enemy's 
fire on the 8th, it was amply made up to it on the loth. 

Lieut. Goodrich, of , an aid on Gen. Palmer's 

staff, thus relates what he saw of the fight on the loth. 
* "Where a cross road ran up to our line, I found a 
battery in position, but not engaged. Looking over 
the breastworks at this point, I saw directly in front 
and not a hundred yards distant, a rebel brigade 
forming in the woods for a charge. Turning to the 
battery, I said, ' Officer why do you allow that form- 
ation,' pointing to the almost moving enemy. ' Wait- 
ing for orders, sir,' was the cool reply. 'Open 
instantly with canister, by order of Gen. Palmer,' I 



* Personal recollections. 



io6 FIFTEENTH GONNEiJTICUT VOLUNTEEUS. 

shouted at a venture, and in a moment more the 
battery was carrying- death to the storming column, 
shattering and driving it to cover. Passing further 
down the line, I came unexpectedly on Lieut. Bow- 
man, with a remnant of the 15th and the national 
color. It was there I first learned of the disaster to 
our Idovs." 

The next morning no opposing force was to 
be seen. It had fallen back on Kinston, and from the 
ominous columns of smoke from burning supplies 
and bridges, it was evident an evacuation of that 
place was going on. This was done so hurriedly, 
that many rebel wounded were left behind. The 
regiment remained at Wise's Forks until the 14th, 
when it was directed to occupy Kinston. It moved 
to the Neuse river in the afternoon, and attempted 
to cross on rafts. This mode of navigation was not 
found feasible, and a pontoon train was sent for from 
New Berne. It arrived next day, and all hands were 
safely crossed about 4 o'clock and went into camp on 
the outskirts of the city. Dr. Holcombe had pre- 
viously established a hospital in the Lenoir House, 
and thither the sick were carried. Fatigue parties 
were detailed, and before midnight a very respectable 
breastwork enclosed the regiment. 

The following- paper was prepared by Capt. George 
M. AVhite in 1887, and read at the reunion that year. 
It is given entire : 

Early in January, 1865, it became apparent to the 
Union troops stationed in North Carolina that the 
immediate future had something more ii" store for 
them to do than holding a disused port of entry dis- 
abled from blockade running, acting as provost guard, 
or going on those nasty little risky, but non-glorious 
cotton stealing raids into the enemy's country. We 
became gradually convinced that when we went into 
the interior next, we went to carry the flag, and carry 
it there to stay. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 107 

Many happening-s had, in the last few months, all 
been tending- to bring- us to this conclusion. Grant 
had been holding Lee in and around Richmond, 
utterly powerless, except for the merest self-defense, 
iintil we knew that never again would a force be 
detached from that then under his command, to cap- 
ture or even scare a Southern town in Union hands. 
Terry had followed close on the heels of Butler on the 
coast below us, and at the very moment while Butler 
was explaining- to Congress the impossibility of doing 
anything south of Hatteras Inlet, had actually cap- 
tured Fort Fisher and effectively sealed the port of 
Wilmington to the south of us; and wSherman— 
grand old William Tecumseh !— had almost "worked 
himself out of a job" by disemboweling the Confed- 
eracy, leaving it absolutely nothing to cling to either 
on land or sea, except its two armies in the field, 
under Lee and Johnston, and leaving to those two 
armies so small a field, that their only possible hope 
was to consolidate into one somewhere and begin a 
new campaign. 

Where would they consolidate ? Would Lee remain 
in Richmond, and Johnston strive to unite with him ? 
or would Johnston open one of the closed ports, pos- 
sibly New Berne, and hold a position where Lee could 
join him ? 

In either case [and this was a case which officers 
in the volunteers discussed only in an undertone, 
while the rank and file discussed it everywhere], we 
were sure to have lively times in North Carolina. 

And we had them. We were not mistaken in 
divining that a part of these "lively times" would 
fall to our portion whose lot it was to operate from 
the base of New Berne. Indications were soon seen 
that Western troops, foot-loose in their old fields, 
were likely to touch elbow with us in future marches. 

About the middle of January the entire 23d Army 
Corps, under Schofield, landed near Fort Fisher, and 



io8 FIFTEENTH UONNFX'TICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

after lively work there on the line which Terry had 
marked out, resulting in the capture of Wilmington 
on February 2 2d, five thousand of this force, under 
Gen. J. D. Cox, started via Morehead City for New 
Berne. 

On its arrival, Cox superseded Palmer in com- 
mand, and so much of reorganization as was necessary 
to an immediate forward movement of the entire 
force, old and newly arrived, was at once provided 
for. The 15th Conn, and 27th Mass. were constituted 
the Second Brigade, Second Division, District of 
Beaufort, and placed under command of Col. Uphara, 
of the 15th. 

Immense quantities of stores had meantime been 
accumulated at New Berne, and on Thursday, March 
2d, the 15th received marching orders. Cars were 
taken at 2 p. m. for Bachelor's Creek, which was then 
the terminus of the railroad leading to Kinston, and 
from there we marched, after debarking, to Dovers 
Cross Roads, a distance of five miles, and encamped 
for the night. The weather was as unkind to us as 
possible, and our bivouac for the night was made in a 
cold, disagreeable rain. 

The main force, under Gen. Cox, did not leave 
New Berne until the next day, and the 27th Mass. had 
not yet joined us. Friday, March 3d, the 15th broke 
camp at 8 a. m. and marched to Core Creek, where we 
encamped and were joined by Battery C, 3d N. Y. 
Light Artillery. It rained nearly all da)^, but cleared up 
towards evening, and our bivouac in light marching 
order for this night promised to have less of discom- 
fort than the last. We remained here during vSatur- 
day and Sunday, the 4th and 5th, anxiously expecting 
our cooks and their accompaniments, and finally, on 
Sunday, they arrived. It is a very easy thing for a 
soldier to march in obedience to orders with "three 
days' rations in haversack," as we had on Thursday, 
March 2d, but it is not so easy a thing to make the old 




Adj. Philip C. Rand. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



109 



haversack look tempting and inviting to the appetite 
four days afterwards. We were all glad to see the 
company cooks, with their outfits, and to know that 
the Comm.issary was along. Here the 27th Mass. 
joined us, and our Brigade was together. 

The seriousness of this advance, its importance, 
and its probable results, very evidently were felt by 
all, and with a determination not to be remiss in any- 
thing which the emergency might demand. It was 
not an unusual thing to see a soldier overhauling his 
personal belongings, and after due deliberation, 
throwing aside, perhaps, a couple of ounces of some- 
thing which he thought he might get along without. 
The two ounces so discarded were in some instances 
a Testament, in others a pack of cards; in either case 
the one idea of the soldier was "how best to get 
there," rather than "by what road." 

On Monday morning, March 6th, the 15 th marched 
from Core Creek at 7 a. m., with four days' rations. 
We held the advance and marched easily, with an 
hour's rest at noon, until 7 p. m., when we went into 
camp near the railroad on Core Creek. A strong 
picket detail from the regiment was made and posted 
before dark. This was the Gum Swamp region, and 
the possibilities of guerrillas were at a premium. 

At about noon on Tuesday, March 7th, the pickets 
were called in, and at i p. m. the brigade advanced. 
The enemy had obstructed the road by felling trees, 
and in all ways possible for temporary annoyance. 
About 4 p. m. we had a somewhat lively skirmish 
with the enemy, in which several of our men were 
wounded, but, as a result, we arranged our lines a lit- 
tle in advance of the one the enemy had selected for 
us, and finally lay on our arms for the night with our 
line of skirmishers within three hundred yards of 
what was ascertained to be the line of the enemy's 
intrenchments on South West Creek, four and one- 
half miles from Kinston. Upham's Brigade was now 



no FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

tog-ether, the 27th Mass. having- reported on Sunday, 
the 5th. A battery of lig-ht artillery and a squadron 
of cavalry were supposed to be acting with the bri- 
gade, and a portion at least of each was present and on 
duty on the night of March 7th. 

When darkness came on that night, the 15th was 
not, as a regiment, in proper order for battle. It was 
in proper order for picket and observation, and that 
was what was required. Some four hundred western 
recruits from Camp Chattanooga, which were en route 
to regiments then with Sherman, and which had been 
sent to New Berne as the nearest way of reaching 
him, were at this time temporarily incorporated in 
the 15th, thirty or more of them being assigned to 
each company, and two additional companies being 
formed and officered by detail from our regiment. 
The presence of these raw men, almost in equal num- 
ber with our own, was in some respects not an advan- 
tage. They knew little of drill or discipline, had, of 
course, no special pride in the " 15th C. V.," and 
tended to make the regiment more unwieldy than it 
was comfortable to contemplate if under fire. On 
account of this large access of men. Col. Upham 
handled the 15th as two separate battalions, Lieut. - 
Col. ToUes in command of the right wing, and Major 
Osborne the left. 

At sunset on March 7th, the right wing was on 
duty, deployed as a heavy skirmish line in front of 
the enemy's line of works on the west side of South 
West Creek, and only about three hundred yards 
from the rebel guns, the line extending along our 
front on both sides of the Dover road. The Left wing, 
under Major Osborne, was in line about five hundred 
yards in the rear of the skirmish line, and to the left 
of and at right angles with the Dover road. The 27th 
Mass. was formed on the right of the same road, and 
the headquarters of Col. Upham were about one htm- 
dred and fifty yards in the rear of the 27th Mass. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 1 1 r 

Battery D, 3d N. Y. Artillery, Capt. Cann, commanded 
the road from a position about on a line with the left 
wing of the 15th and the 27th Mass. The entire bri- 
gade lay on its arms the night of March 'zth. No fires 
were permitted, so no coffee was possible. A tin cnp, 
however, never comes amiss to a soldier, and before 
morning the picket line was quite well protected by 
the " hole and pile of dirt " which each soldier had 
made for himself, with his plate or cup for a spade, 
during the quiet hours of darkness w^hen he was a 
good deal more anxious than sleepy. 

The expected artillery firing from the rebel bat- 
teries did not open at daylight, and of course we were 
quite content to keep cpiiet if the Johnnies did. The 
rebel force, well intrenched in our immediate front and 
at very close quarters, was not less than 2,500 men. 
Our brigade numbered less than half as many. Our 
nearest support was Carter's Division, in the vicinity 
of Wise Forks, nearly two miles in our rear. It will 
thus be seen that our entire brigade was really "on 
picket " in the very teeth of a largely superior force, 
and with no provision whatever made for a support- 
ing force in an emergency. Crossing the Jackson's 
Mills road, a little in the rear of our brigade and lead- 
ing to our left, was the British road, and on this, as 
videttes guarding our left, was posted a detachment 
of the 12th N. Y. Cavalry. 

The morning passing quietly, the men not on the 
skirmish line had time for their coffee, and at about 7 
o'clock the 27th Mass. was moved down the British 
road past the rear of our left wing, and formed across 
that road about half a mile to our left and a little to 
the rear. 

About nine o'clock the rebels opened with all their 
guns, and they made it as lively for us as they could 
without coming out of their works and charging us. 
Our guns replied spiritedly, and our picket line gave 
a Johnnie no chance to get his head above the breast- 



1 1 2 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOL UNTEERS. 

works without a crack at it. As before stated, our 
pickets had somewhat protected themselves by 
"burrowing" and the casualties on our side in this 
very hot work were far from being so numerous as 
seemed inevitable. Captain Bassett of Co. A, always 
brave as the bravest, was brave to rashness here, 
repeatedly exposing himself by passing along the 
line almost within pistol shot of the enemy, and was 
finally mortally wounded by a rebel musket ball at 
short range and died on the field. This fighting con- 
tinued without cessation, and at a little past ii o'clock 
Col. Upham received intimation that he might expect 
an attack upon his left. He had previously posted 
the 27th Mass. on the left of the brigade and facing 
left, and he now dispatched Adjutant Rand to 
Major Osborne to at once change front to left with 
his battalion. This was immediately done, and 
almost simultaneously with its commencement a 
murderous volley burst upon us through the thick 
underbrush from what had just been our left and 
rear. Just then, and before the movement had more 
than begun, Major Osborne fell with a terrible wound. 
Men were dropping on every side, and as by far the 
heaviest fire was coming from what was but a few 
moments before our rear, it was evident that the 
enemy had got between us and the main column and 
that we were isolated. Firing in our former front 
had now entirely ceased, and we didn't mind the 
deprivation in the least. We had enough to keep us 
busy without it. The four companies of the left 
wing behaved nobly, western recruits and all, but the 
last change of front was only half change enough. 
We were still getting our hottest fire from left flank 
and rear, and we must either meet it or surrender, or 
die in our tracks. Capt. White didn't like to try any 
more battalion drill according to tactics under those 
circumstances. He had the colors taken to the 
remains of a rail fence just in the edge of the woods 



00 




DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 1 1 ^ 

in front of what had been our position faced the other 
way a half hour before, and gave the order to " rally 
behind the fence." The western recruits were the 
first to get there, and all were there in less than " one 
time and three motions." There was a lull for a 
moment ; we were now faced sc[uarely to our former 
rear. Col. Bartholomew and many of the 27th Mass. 
now joined us, coming in from what was now our 
right and rear, but the Johnnies gave us but little 
respite. All this fighting of the left wing had been 
in woods and underbrush, and that had been very 
greatly to our advantage. The rebels could not tell 
what force was opposing them except as they judged 
by our fire, and we had made that lively enough to 
please the most fastidious. Had our brigade been 
similarly posted in an open field on this occasion, 
Hoke's Division would have marched over us without 
giving us a thought and attacked the main column. 
This he really thought he was doing, owing to our 
stubborn resistance. We now, with what was left of 
the 27th Mass. in line with us, gave the rebs another 
fusilade, and kept them at bay for some little time. 
It was terribly plain, however, that when they should 
gather courage for one more rush forward all would 
be up with us, and Capt. White, thinking there might 
possibly be a chance for the right wing to escape 
across the railroad in the direction of the Neuse 
River, dispatched the color bearers to Col. Tolles with 
the regimental colors, hoping thereby to save them 
from capture. By this means the colors were gotten 
away from what was at that moment the thickest of 
the fight, although Corp. George W. Manville, of Co. 
E, received his death wound while making the effort. 
But the hoped-for avenue of escape for the right wing 
was closed, as Col. Tolles soon found when he moved 
towards the railroad. We were completely hemmed 
in on all sides, and actually prisoners of war though 
we had not surrendered, and were still fighting. 



1 1 4 FIFTEENTH CONN EC TIC UT VOL UNTEEIiS. 

The last stand made by the left wing and the 27th 
Mass. combined was simple desperation. There was 
not, and we all knew there was not, for us, a fighting 
chance. The only thing which from the first it had 
been possible for us to do was to gain time for the 
main column to get in readiness for the rebel assault. 
We did this so effectively as to entirely defeat the 
plan of Gen. Hoke, which was to take Cox's main 
column by surprise and drive it back in disorder to 
New Berne. 

Our little isolated brigade, which Hoke supposed 
was the main column, held at bay the entire rebel 
force, composed of Hoke's, Cheatham's and part of 
S. D. Lee's divisions, until the divisions of Ruger and 
Palmer were thoroughly apprised of the danger and 
in position to meet it. It was then too late for the 
rebels to do more than reconnoiter for position, and 
when they resumed the attack on the next day they 
found Cox's two divisions entirely ready to receive 
them. 

At our last stand we poured a lively volley into 
the Johnnies at close quarters, which staggered their 
column a little, only to bring it on with a more furi- 
ous rush when it rallied, and then, as we well knew 
would be the case, they marched over us in howling 
hordes and we were prisoners of war. Capt. Bassett, 
of Co. A, was dead from a gunshot wound, Major 
Osborne and Lieut. Bishop were both mortally 
wounded, twenty-six men of the 15th Conn., and the 
western recruits assigned temporarily to it were dead 
or dying, and more than forty others were wounded 
so as to be utterly helpless as prisoners of war. 

For a time the 15th Conn, ceased to exist as a 
fighting force in the field. It had been placed in the 
most trying position which ever falls to the lot of 
soldiers, and it had heroically held an overwhelming 
force of the enemy in check until his attack ceased to 
be a surprise, and he was compelled to meet well pre- 



DEFENSE OF THE UJVION. u^ 

pared Union troops on equal terms and get most 
soundly whipped. 

Then began our experience as prisoners of war, 
and it is safe to say that never a regiment marched 
into captivity with a better right to feel that it had 
done its duty heroically and well. The fault, if fault 
it was, of posting our brigade where a rebel force of 
fifteen thousand men could come between it and the 
main column and attack from the rear, was certainly 
not the fault of our brigade, or of its colonel command- 
ing. 

No regiment m the service ever had better reason 
for voluntarily surrendering to an enemy in over- 
whelming force than did the 15th at South W^est 
Creek, but the idea of surrender was never for a 
moment entertained, either by officers or men. The 
determination was general to stand in the way of 
rebel advance just as long as possible, to make no 
sign of weakness or surrender, and to cease fighting 
only when our arms had been forced out of our hands 
by overwhelming numbers. This we did, to the sac- 
rifice of ourselves, indeed, but that in a spirit as 
heroic as ever can animate a soldier. 

Individual instances of bravery might be men- 
tioned almost without limit, but to mention some to 
the exclusion of others would be invidious. One, how- 
ever, may certainly be named, as typical of all, with- 
out doing injustice to any. Lieut. Edwan Bishop, 
whose aged and enfeebled father still lives in this 
city, was acting adjutant of the 15th, during this en- 
gagement, Lieut. Rand being Acting Assistant Ad- 
jutant General of the brigade. When Col. Tolles 
found it necessary to move his skirmish line by the 
right towards the railroad, it necessarily devolved on 
Lieut. Bishop to convey the order. To do this he 
had to pass over open ground which had all day been 
mercilessly swept by the rebel infantry fire at short 
range, and where Capt. Bassett got his death wound 



1 1 6 FIFTEENTH CONNECTIC UT VOL UXTEEBS. 

in the forenoon. Bishop went with all the alacrity 
and cheerfulness he would on an errand of pleasure, 
and even when the rebel bullet pierced his spine and 
laid him helpless where no aid could reach hiin, his 
cheerfulness did not desert him. All that afternoon, 
until his captured comrades carried him to the old 
mill within the rebel lines, and until two days after- 
ward they were compelled to leave him lying on the 
floor of the Fair Ground Hospital, in Goldsboro, in 
the tender care of his captors, he conversed as cheer- 
fully as if he was unharmed, although he well knew 
that he had but a few days, probably but a few hours, 
to live. In those fearful hours of inisery he won the 
admiration of every one of his comrades, who were 
permitted to grasp his hand in a last farewell by the 
calm cheerfulness with which he faced the death he 
knew was inevitable. 

And so of all the many who there got their death 
or were maimed for life. 

Eastern North Carolina was now rapidly evacu- 
ated by the rebel forces. The army had fallen 
back to Raleigh. On the 13th, Gen. Carter issued 
the following, a special copy of which was sent 

to Col. Upham: 

Headquarters 2D Division, 

District of Beaufort, 
In the Field, N. C, March 13, 1865. 
General Field Orders, } 
No. 5. f 

The General commanding desires to express his thanks to the 
officers and men of his command for their gallantry in the action 
of the loth inst. , which, with the co-operation of a portion of the 
brave men of the 23d Corps, repulsed a severe attack of the enemy 
who advanced in superior force confident of turning our left. 
The veteran troops of Sherman's army and the old army of the 
Potomac vied with each other in coolness and steadiness, while 
the recruits who were for the first time under fire exhibited a 
spirit of emulation which promises to make them the equals of the 
veterans of so many fields. 

By command of 

BRIG. GEN. S. P. CARTER. 

H. H. Thomas, A. A. G. 




Lieut. Edwin W. Bishop. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. ny 

On the i8th, Gen. Cox issued an order* trans- 
ferring the 15th Conn, from the 2d Division 
under Carter, to the ist Division under Palmer. 
It was charged with provost duty in Kinston. The 
boys set about making themselves comfortable, and 
to this end, camp was moved two or three times, at 
last (May i8th), establishing itself on the John C. 
Washington estate, a magnificent site overlooking 
the village of Kinston. 

A memorandum made by a comrade f at the 
occupation of this place, reveals an ebb tide in 
commissary stores. He writes, " Our rations now 
are ^Ib. salt pork, four hard tack, a spoonful of coffee 
and a spoonful of sugar." Feeling the need of some- 
thing more substantial, he and three companions, 
on the 17th did a little foraging on their own account, 
bringing into camp 9 hams, 2 doz. eggs, i peck meal, 
and a gallon of sorghum molasses. [It is not to be 
supposed this was the only instance of the kind 
around Kinston]. 

The duties of the regiment were not arduous. They 
were mainly guard and police duties. The rail- 
road bridge was repaired, and within a week after 
the occupation of the city trains were regularly run- 
ning to New Berne. The boys built roomy quarters 
for themselves and under the soothing warmth of the 
spring sun grew fat and lazy. 

Says Beckleyjof April ist: "To-day Scott and 

myself built a frame, and with the use of sotne 
'secesh' boards which we 'drew' and our shelter 
tents, made us a comfortable little house 8 feet square 
and high enough to stand up in. Made a bunk wide 
enough for two on which we placed two ticks filled 
with corn husks. Have a floor and door of good size. 
For furniture we have a writing desk, a chair, a stool 
and some shelves." 

* Special No. lo. + G. W. Smith of K. % Diary. 



CHAPTER X. 

GOLDSBORO, N. C. — DEPARTURE OF THE PRISONERS FOR 

RICHMOND WELDON CLOVER STATION SALISBURY 

DEATH OF LIEUT. BISHOP DANVILLE DEATH OF 

MAJOR OSBORNE — CORPORAL PHILLIPS RICHMOND AND 

LIBBY PRISON PAROLE OF THE 15TH. 

To return to March 8th. The 15th was taken by 
its captors in squads to Kinston during the after- 
noon and there "rounded up." All except the 
severely wounded and a few allowed to remain with 
them were put on board a train for Goldsboro, N. C; 
and arrived there about 9 o'clock in the evening. 
The prisoners were coralled in the Fair Grounds, an 
open lot surrounded by a high board fence and a line 
of guards. The night was cold and rainy, and the 
captives suffered bitterly. Stripped of everything on 
the field, many had neither overcoat nor blanket. So 
much remonstrance was made at this cruelty that a 
portion was finally taken to the Court House and 
sheltered. This was accomplished through the 
humanity of some of the citizens of Goldsboro. On 
the way even from the depot to the Fair Grounds the 
women came out from many of the residences, spoke 
to our men kindly and in some instances gave them 
rolls of bandages. They also carried a warm break- 
fast to some the next morning. In a few instances 
these ladies took home the raw rations issued to the 
prisoners, cooked and returned them with such addi- 
tions as they were able to make. It was an unex- 
pected kindness. 

During the forenoon of the next day the wounded 
arrived from Kinston. On the luorning before start- 
ing, the citizens visited the place where the}^ were 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. ^^^ 

confined, with a breakfast of coffee, bean soup and 
corn bread. * They showed their sympathy in vari- 
ous other ways, and assisted them in getting- on the 
train. On reaching- Goldsboro a portion was taken 
to the Fair Grounds and the remainder to the Court 
House. Major Osborne, Lieut. Bishop, Corp. Man- 
ville and private Spencer were taken in a springless 
wagon without bed or blanket to the former place. 
On the way there a hotel was passed, from the bal- 
cony of which a company of southern ladies (?) 
reviled and insulted the bleeding men. At the Court 
House were Col. Tolles and eight line officers of the 
15th, together with a few privates, and some of the 
27th Mass. and 12th N. Y. The sun came out at noon 
and dried the shivering wretches a little ; a ration 
consisting of a pint of meal, a few dried peas and five 
ounces of bacon per man was issued, and the Con- 
federacy rested. 

Toward night transportation was provided and 
most of the prisoners were hustled on board cars for 
Weldon. Only the ill and wounded remained behind. 
Leaving the latter therefore, for the present we 
follow the fortunes of the larger body. The dis- 
tance from Goldsboro to Weldon is seventy-eight 
miles ; it was reached about 4 o'clock a. m. and 
at sunrise the passengers were unloaded in an open 
lot partially provided with tents. Three days" rations 
were issued and though it rained heavily, the boys 
managed to exist. A few, principally the officers, 
took up their quarters in an old church, f cooking 
their scanty meals in a small stove in front of the 
pulpit. Considerable trading was done at this place; 
a dozen eggs brought $10.00, and a small piece of corn 
bread, $5.00. 

Capt. White was wont to relate with much pleas- 
ure his experience in "bulldozing" a rebel guard at 

*Mosher. + Capt. White. 



I20 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

this place. He went one morning to fill several can- 
teens with water from the railroad tank. There was 
a guard of only one man posted at that point. Capt. 
White represented to this custodian that he was very- 
lame and unable to climb the ladder to the tank. After 
a few minutes' parley with this representative of 
the Confederacy, he persuaded him to let him (White) 
hold his musket while he (the guard) filled the can- 
teens, as an accommodation. Up went the guard, and 
the canteens were speedily filled, but as the fellow 
was about to descend, Capt. White called a "halt," 
and threatened to " blow a hole " through him if 
he moved another inch. When he had kept him up 
there a suihcient time, he was allowed to come 
down. He received his gun very meekly; neither 
did he dare report the matter, for fear of the con- 
sequences to himself for giving up his arms while 
on duty. 

On Sunday, March 12th, all hands were roused 
at 4 a. m. and put on board the cars for Gaston, N. C, 
and thence to Clarksville (or Masons) Junction. 
Here all took to their feet and after marching about 
eight miles went into camp in the Pine woods along- 
side of the railroad. It was at this point that Capt. 
White and Lieut. Linsley made their escape. [See 
later account]. The march was resumed next morn- 
ing and twelve miles or thereabouts were made during 
the day, which brought the detachment into Clarks- 
ville toward evening. Bivouac was established near 
the village, the officers being quartered in an old 
school-house* nearby. 

The guard for the night was a detail from the 12th 
N. C, and it vented its spite by establishing an 
imaginary "dead line" around the prisoners and 
then knocking over several of them when some dis- 
tance from it.f It was here also that Mrs. Mahone, 

* Capt. P.radley. + Griffin. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 121 

wife of the rebel general, with her twin boys, came 
down "to see the Yanks."* 

The march was taken tip on the public hig-hway 
the next morning- (14th) about 8 o'clock, and nineteen 
miles were covered during the day. Camp was 
pitched at night in the sand at a place called 
" Nichols Ferry," near a saw-mill owned by a Union 
man on the bank of the Dan River. The next morn- 
ing all were ferried across the river in small boats, 
but only a five mile tramp had been made when a 
halt was ordered at Wolf Trap station near a railroad. 
Here the column spent twenty-four hours waiting for 
rations to come up (which were issued of pork and 
flour at noon) and then started on. Ten miles were 
covered during the afternoon through one of the 
worst storms of wind and rain common to North 
Carolina. French f says the camp was pitched that 
night in a swamp at a place called Clover Station, and 
that the mud was three feet deep and the night so 
dark they had to shut their eyes to see anything. 
Friday, the 17th, rations were again issued and that 
day the weary column strtick the Roanoke river, cross- 
ing it on a long bridge considerably the worse for the 
hammering it had recently received from Sheridan's 
guns during a raid. There was a large fort at this 
point mounted with field-pieces of a light calibre. 
At this point the officers J were detached from the 
main body and sent by cars to Richmond. 

It was now (March 18) the eleventh day of their 
captivity. Heretofore, the guard had been composed of 
"The Senior Reserves of North Carolina," but it was 
now exchanged for a portion of the 23d and 26th 
"Battalions of Virginia." The new guard conducted 
matters more in accordance with military usages. 



* French. + Diary. 

$Col. Samuel ToUes, Capt. R. O. Bradley, Capt. William C. Burgess, Capt. 
Theodore R. Davis, Capt. Reuben Waterman, Capt. ^r. A. Biulricks, Lieut. Newell 
F. Burritt, Lieut. August Rodrigniz, Lieut. Gray, Lieut. Beach. 



122 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

and was better liked by the boys. This guard had 
recently been exchanged, having had a brief taste of 
Northern prisons, and was disposed to be as lenient as 
possible. 

Fourteen miles were made on the 17th; thenextday 
17 miles more, and on the 20th, they struck the Rich- 
mond and Danville railroad at a point where the 
"Southside Turnpike " intersected it. vSeventeen miles 
were added to the list on that day. 

March 21st, Amelia Court House, 36 miles from 
Richmond was passed by the column, which continued 
on to Nottoway Depot, where camp was made and 
rations issued. Here a fort was constructed with 
eight small field-pieces. The procession was now 
nearing Richmond. On the 2 2d the boys were marched 
20 miles in ten stages of two miles each, and went into 
camp six miles from the rebel capital. The guards 
began to increase their vigilance and the boys were 
made to understand the difference between captors 
and captured. The next morning an easy march 
brought them to Manchester on the opposite side of 
the river from Richmond, and at half past 9 a. m., 
March 23d (15 days from Kinston), Libby Prison opened 
its doors to receive them. 

What a fortune of war ! How widely different from 
any expectation ! Instead of a component part of 
that glorious " 300,000 more " raised in 1862 to lift 
rebellion off the face of the earth, here was New 
Haven county's choice regiment which had threat- 
ened so many times (in song) to "hang Jeff. Davis on 
a sour apple tree," tumbled neck and heels into a 
filthy prison, robbed of its possessions, treated as 
a body of criminals, fed like beasts, and covered with 
vermin ! But wait ! ! 

Rations of meal and bacon were furnished during 
the afternoon, and woolen blankets issued (one for 
two men) to such as had none. The men were quar- 




Capt. Robert 0. Bradley. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 123 

tered on the second floor of the prison. The two follow- 
ing days passed without interest, but on the 26th, their 
paroles were ready. Early in the morning of that day 
they were placed on board transports and under a flag 
of truce sent down the James river to Chapin's Farm. 
The Union headquarters was at Aiken's Landing, some 
three miles across the neck. This distance was 
quickly covered on foot. The steamers New York 
and Manhattan were in waiting, and at 2.30 p. m. the 
boys were en route for Annapolis. They complained 
bitterly of the crowded condition of the boats, but 
were consoled by plentiful rations of " hard-tack and 
coffee," which the Confederacy had been unable to 
furnish. They reached "Camp Parole" March 27th, 
about 2 o'clock p. m. The complete destruction of 
all their clothing was at once ordered by the author- 
ities and new suits were issued later. Later, greatly 
to the surprise of the men, they found these suits 
charged to their account. 

Col. Upham at once instituted an inquiry * con- 
cerning it, but was met with the declaration that the 
Government did not assume to clothe paroled prisoners 
unless at the latter's expense. The Government, 
through its agents, ordered the destruction of the old 
garments and then refused to supply the new. It is 
possible that each paroled man so treated has a valid 
claim at the present time. 

To complete the narrative of this journey from 
Kinston to Richmond, we must return a moment to 
Weldon, N. C. On the eve of setting out from that 
place, Corp. Griffin of E, and a member of the 27th 
Mass. were chosen as commissaries by our men and 
to them were issued the rations furnished during the 
march. With great c^re Griffin has preserved a com- 
plete list of his comrades. It will be seen they were 
almost a regiment in number. No other record 

♦See Upham's letter to Col. F. D. Sewall, coiiiinanciinK Post. 



124 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 



exists of this body, not even in the department at 
Washington. 



Squad. 


Men. 


Co. 


Regiment. 


Daily 
Meat Rations. 


Daily 
Meal Ration. 


I 


29 


D 


27tli Mass. 


TO lbs. 


15 qts. 


2 


8o 


D 


15th Conn. 


27 " 


40 • 




3 


73 


I 


" 


24 " 


36 ' 




4 


58 


E 


" 


19 " 


29 ' 




5 


37 


F and L 


" 


12 " 


18 ' 




6 


76 


A 




25 " 


38 ' 




7 


lO 


D 


i7tli Mass. 


3 " 


5 ' 




8 


88 


C 


15th Conn. 


29 " 


44 ' 




9 


23 


H 


27fh Mass. 


23 " 


II ' 




lO 


46 


B 


15th Conn. 


15 " 


23 ' 




II 


57 


G 


" 


19 " 


28 ' 




12 


32 


EandH 


27th Mass. 


II " 


16 ' 




13 


26 


C 


" 


9 " 


13 ' 




14 


15 


G 


" 


5 " 


7 ' 




15 


i6 


F 


" 


5 " 


8 ' 




i6 


30 


Band I 


" 


10 " 


15 ' 




17 


64 


H 


15th Conn. 


21 " 


32 ' 




l8 


64 


H 


12th N. Y. 


21 " 


32 ' 




19 


22 


E 


9th N. J. 


7 " 


II ' 




20 


22 


Officers 




7 " 


II ' 






868 











This makes a total of 579 men of the 15th. Conn. 
In the squad of the wounded sent to Salisbury prison 
there were between forty and fifty, who taken with 
those wounded early in the fig'ht and carried to our 
own hospitals, together with the killed, closely con- 
firms Col. Upham's official report. 

Having followed the officers and the main part of 
the regiment to Annapolis, let us turn back to the 
disabled prisoners left at Goldsboro. On Saturday 
the report reached the rebel authorities that Gen. 
Slocum was within eighteen miles of Goldsboro. A 
train was made up without delay and the prisoners 
put on board. Raleigh was reached at midnight and 
after a short stop it proceeded on its way to Salis- 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 125 

bury. Sunday was spent in the cars. There was 
lack of water on the train and insufficient room, and 
with the growing painfulness of their wounds the 
boys grew cross and highly uncomplimentary to their 
guards. Salisbury was reached at sunset. When the 
train stopped, a number of colored women boarded it 
with milk, corn bread, biscuit, etc., which by order of 
their mistresses they handed our men, on the suppo- 
sition they were Confederate soldiers. The mistake 
was not discovered until the supply was exhausted. 
"Good Lawd, missus !" said a fat auntie, " Good Lawd! 
these are Yanks ;" but it was too late.* 

All hands were taken to the prison stockade and 
put in three small buildings about 12 x 16 each. 
These were fitted up with bunks but no bedding. A 
fire was burning in each. Their companions in this 
miserable place were about five hundred prisoners 
from Sherman's army, rough fellows but good 
hearted. These made a detail of themselves as 
nurses for our boys and cared for them in every way 
with such means as could be had. The surgeon in 
charge was a gruff old fellow without feeling or sym- 
pathy for his patients. 

Rations were issued of rye coffee, rye bread 
and rice soup. To their everlasting disgrace be it 
said that at this time some of the men (recruits) 
offered themselves as deserters and were let out of 
the pen, their comrades jeering them as they went. 
On the 15th the prison supplies began to fall short, 
and the rations of the well men were cut down one-half; 
the wounded continued to draw meals as before, 
though so meagre and poor as barely to sustain life. 

It was a hard spot. Those not so severely disabled 
though suffering for ever}' comfort, managed to hold 
their own and even gain a little. Not so with a few 
others, among them Lieut. Edwin W. Bishop, Maj. 
Osborne and Corp. Manville, of the Color Guard. 

* Mosher. 



T26 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Says Towner, * " I went to see Lieut. Bishop, who 
was in the next building and found him lying on a 
stretcher propped up with blankets. He seemed 
cheerful and said he was trying to pull through. 
I have thought since that the brave fellow was trying 
to cheer up the others and knew his own condition 
was hopeless. Maj. Osborne was beside him. * * 
* * Lieut. Bishop died at 8 o'clock, Friday 
evening, March 17. A coffin was procured and he 
was buried within the stockade. His name was cut in 
a board by an officer of a Western regiment, which 
was placed at the head of his grave. * * * * 
Corp. Manville died on the 21st and was buried in 
like manner. Everything was swarming with ver- 
min. It was impossible to be clean. Thousands and 
thousands of prisoners had occupied that dreary 
place, shelter had been scarce and the entire area of 
the stockade was burrowed and re-burrowed with cel- 
lars, ovens and passages, while overhead the clay had 
been rudely shaped into low huts that would hold two 
men lying side by side. To such extremities for cov- 
ering were the prisoners forced. 

During the stay of our boys at this "retreat," it 
was the custom evenings for the Confederate brass 
band stationed just outside the stockade to favor the 
citizens with music. This was the signal for 
''Sherman's bummers," as the prisoners were called, 
to set up a counter attraction by singing Northern 
songs and otherwise making such a racket as fre- 
quently to break up the concert. 

From the 20th to the 2 2d, the rebel authorities 
were busy getting out paroles, and on the afternoon 
of the latter day, the prisoners were ordered to fall 
in for transportation to the Union lines. The medi- 
cal authorities were unwilling some of the worst 
cases should go (among them Major Osborne), but 
were finally overcoine, and it is thought every man 
was put on board the train. Sergt. Towner * mentions 



THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 127 

that in passing along the street to the railroad 
station they met the young surgeon who attended 
them from Goldsboro, and gave him a genuine 
" Yankee cheer " in appreciation of his kindness. 
The train was made up of freight and passenger cars. 
The prisoners w^ere compelled to ride in the former 
and lie on the floors. They rolled along all night, 
and in the morning were at Greensboro. Here 
they were unloaded and taken to an open field about 
a mile in the rear of the city to spend the night. 
Trouble arose between them and their guards at this 
place, because the latter refused to extend their 
lines to include a spring. Just at that point in 
the controversy, which was getting pretty hot, 
along came a train from Richmond with a lot of 
paroled confederates on board. They saw the situ- 
ation at a glance and ordered the guards to extend 
their lines " d — d quick or they would get out and 
do it for them." As a result, our boys got the spring. 
The weather was cold and the wind blowing a gale. 
Many of the men had neither blankets nor overcoats. 
Major Osborne was suffering severely, and Towner 
is credited with sharing his blanket with him. 
Toward morning a fire was started, yet it proved an 
intensely dreary night for a parcel of cold, hungry 
and wounded men. 

At 7 o'clock next morning, they boarded the cars 
for Danville. The distance was a trifle less than 
fifty miles, but they were on the road the entire day. 
The rails had been recently relaid, and the road-bed 
was in shocking condition. On arrival at Danville, 
they were unloaded and marched to the prison. This 
was on the 24th. The next day (vSunday) their 
wounds were dressed and fair rations of corn bread 
and rice without salt were issued. They remained in 
the prison until the 27th, when they were taken to a 
hospital. The straw mattresses, clean sheets, white 
pillow cases " made it look like heaven " a comrade 



128 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

said. Better food was provided and unustial care 
taken to make them comfortable, yet nothing could 
save either Phillips* or Smith of the Color Guard. 
Both died and were buried near by. 

The prisoners' stay in the hospital was destined to 
be brief, for an order came on the 28th to send all 
paroled prisoners forward with despatch. On the 29th, 
transportation was provided, and they were roused at 
daylight. Major Osborne was unable to start. A 
fever had set in, presumably from his wound, a day 
or two before, and his condition was not encouraging. 
Coupled with his physical weakness was something of 
mental prostration. Previous to enlistment, his life 
had been one of ease and comparative luxury, yet the 
change to the hard lines of war never caused him a 
regret so long as he could do his duty. Though his 
wound was far from mortal, yet it seemed utterly to 
prostrate and unnerve him. Something of a feeling fast- 
ened upon him that he would never see old Connecticut 
again, and all the rallies and appeals of his comrades 
failed to rouse that " pluck " he had ever been credited 
with. Nothing would induce him to attempt the 
journey, and the boys sadly bade him and a few others 
good - bye, and climbed breakfastless and with- 
out rations on top the box cars provided to take 
them to Richmond. Osborne lingered until April 6th, 
w^hen he died. The squad of prisoners (forty-five) 
arrived in Richmond not far from 10 o'clock at night. 

Mosher says the party was taken to " Castle 
Thunder ;" Towner says it was to a building opposite 
Libby Prison. Whichever place it was the feverish 

* Corporal Frank Phillips was a member of Co. I, and of the Color Guard. He 
was severely wounded in his arm, near the elbow. The Confederate surgeons advised 
amputation, but Phillips objected; the wound was therefore dressed with such means 
as was had, and a cast-off boot leg supplied the place of splints. Mosher speaks of 
Phillips being patient, even cheerful in his suffering ; his whole thought seemed to be 
to reach home. To this end he went beyond his little strength. The cold night ride 
from Salisbury to Greensboro, and the subsequent camp in the field consumed the 
little vitality he had. He died at Danville, April 13. His son Riley was not allowed 
'o accompany him after leaving Kinston. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 129 

patients cared very little. Utterly exhausted, they 
dropped where they halted. Nature could endure no 
more. The next forenoon (30th) they were transferred 
to a regular hospital and received their first ration of 
soft bread since leaving- New Berne. The medical 
authorities looked after them kindly and the discom- 
forts of the trip were in a measure overcome. 

On Sunday, April 2d, they were told to be in 
readiness to be sent through the lines next day. It 
was a joyful announcement. At 7 o'clock all who 
could walk filed out to the landing and boarded an old 
barge. The others were carried in wagons. The 
passage down the river was slow and it was sunset 
when Turkey Bend was reached. No arrangements 
for transportation had been made. There was still a 
distance of four miles between them and the Union 
lines, but nothing daunted those who could walk took 
up their less able comrades in blankets, and started 
at dusk without a guide or any knowledge of the way. 
This tramp through the darkness and the rough 
country will be always remembered by our heroes. 
They stumbled on, carrying their comrades by "reliefs" 
until accidentally confronted by the pickets of Gen. 
Ord's Corps (colored). They were taken within the 
lines and cheered lustily to find themselves under the 
old flag once more. A detail of men assisted them to 
the landing which was reached about 9 o'clock in the 
evening. During all the time from leaving Richmond 
the most incessant cannonade from the Union batteries 
had been kept up within their hearing. Unknown 
to them, it was the last day of the struggle for the 
Confederate Capital, but a dusky picket explained the 
situation tersely when he said, '• Mar's Grant is givin 
the rebels hell to-day." About midnight transporta- 
tion down the river was found and they reached Fort- 
ress Monroe the next afternoon. There they learned 
of the surrender of Richmond. The transport con- 
tinued on to Annapolis, arriving there April 4th, 



1 3 o FIFTEENTH CON NEC TIC U T VOL UNTEERS. 

eight days later than did the main body of the regi- 
ment, as stated. After a thorough renovation, a por- 
tion were sent to the Paterson Park Hospital, at 
Baltimore, from which place thirty day furloughs 
were granted, and thus in small squads the men grad- 
ually scattered to their homes. 




Lieut. William Goodrich. 



CHAPTER XL 

NARRATIVE OF LIEUT. WILLIAM GOODRICH NARRATIVE OF 

FRANK D. MOSHER ESCAPE AND RECAPTURE OF CAPT. 

WHITE AND LIEUT. LINSLEY CAPTURE OF PRIVATE 

NICHOLS — -CAPT. JOHN D. WHEELER'S CAPTURE AT 
PLYMOUTH, N. C.,AND IMPRISONMENT — SERGT. TOWXER's 
DIARY. 

Opportunity is taken at this stage of the history 
to furnish a few personal recollections of the disaster 
at Kinston, by members of the regiment. These 
papers were mainly jDrepared some years ago. Some 
have been read at reunions, and in one or two 
instances published in the daily press. 

NARRATIVE OF LIEUT. GOODRICH. 
(Prepared for Capt. White.) 

You may recall the fact that previous to the affair 
at Kinston we had been perhaps too comfortably 
stationed at New Berne, while Sherman was swinging 
around from Atlanta to Savannah and thence up the 
coast to Goldsboro and Raleigh. 

The orders detaching me from the regiment, first 
for provost marshal of New Berne and afterward to 
service as aide-de-camp to Gen. Innis N. Palmer, com- 
manding the Dept. of N. C. gave me duties of such a 
character that it was almost impossible for me to 
follow up the movements of the 15th Conn. Vols., yet 
I always kept an eye open for it and felt that to me 
any news from it was of far greater interest than 
news from any other regiment in the command. Now 
how the 15th Conn. Vols, got up to the front of Kins- 
ton I do not remember. The preliminaries have also 
passed from my memory save only a vague remem- 
brance that in connection with Gen. Schofield's com- 



132 



FIFTEENTH CONNEVTIUUT VOLUNTEERS. 



ing into our department and assumino- command of 
the troops the 15th Conn. Vols, passed out of Gen. 
Palmer's command and was brigaded with other 
troops and under command of Col. Uphain as Brigade 
Commander, these troops were assigned to the left of 
the line, while Gen. Palmer's division held the 
extreme right and was hardly engaged in the affair 
at all. 

The march from New Berne to within a short dis- 
tance of Kinston was made without fatigue or trouble 
until just this side of the Neuse, where we ran up 
against breastworks and found our progress opposed, 
so sat down and waited to hear further from head- 
quarters. 

Early in the morning of the day of the big fight, 
Gen. Palmer with his staff rode back from the front 
to call upon Gen. vSchofield. Hardly had we dis- 
mounted from our horses when the sound of firing 
was heard, we judged it distant five or six iniles. 
Upon hearing this we remounted in short order and 
then commenced the hardest ride I've ever taken in 
my life. Gen. Palmer, an old cavalry officer and 
used to all sorts of riding, took the lead, we 
youngsters following close up, and it wasn't long 
before we were back at the front. Gen. Schofield 
leaving us and going down the line toward the left 
whence came the firing, Gen. Paltner and staff going 
to the right where we found only desultory firing. 
We knew that we were making this demonstration 
for the purpose of opening communications v.ith 
Gen. Sherman, yet we did not know how near to us 
he was. One thing we did know and that was that 
the rebel Gen. Hoke was in our front watching for a 
chance to break through our lines so as to cut the 
railroad behind us and perhaps capture New Berne. 
This little game we did not i^ropose to permit him to 
play, and how unsuccessful his attempt was is proven 
from the fact that he (Hoke) is known to have said 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 133 

that he tried to flank us but found it impossible with- 
out g'oing way back to New Berne and coming up 
behind, a movement we prevented his executing by 
the defense at Wise's Forks, and by meeting him 
every time he extended his right flank. So he had 
to give it up, though Sherman's proximity caused 
him to fight in desperation. 

Our defensive position on the left was attacked 
again and again with the fierceness which accom- 
panies men in desperate straits, and the field in front 
of our works was piled up in many places three and 
four high showing how desperate the attack and how 
gallant the defense. Visiting the left of our line 
next day and going over the fight, I saw saplings and 
underbrush cut down as if by a scythe, from the 
effect of the infantry fire, while whole limbs were 
torn from trees and trees themselves riven asunder 
from the effect of artillery firing. 

On our return from Gen. Schofield's, we got right 
down to work. Gen. Palmer soon had us hurrying all 
over the line to see if there had been any disaster to 
us. My direction was toward the left of our division, 
which being the right, brought me to the right of the 
centre division. I rode at once to the front, expect- 
ing to be able to ride down the line, but just before 
reaching it, a shell from the Johnnies burst in front 
of and over my head, by good chance missing me, but 
tearing a piece from my good mare's flank. As the 
rifle balls were also coming around in too great quan- 
tity to be wholesome, I thought better of my intention 
of riding along the line, so sent my orderly with my 
wounded horse back out of range, and went up on 
foot to the breastworks. Arriving there, I found our 
troops taking pretty good care of themselves, and let- 
ting the "Johnnies "have the greater part of the fun, 
firing at them. Having to pass along the line, I took 
good care to assume a stooping position, not caring 
to make a target of myself. 



134 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOI UNTEEIiS. 



Where a cross road ran up to our line, making a 
chance for an angle, I found a battery in position, 
with half its guns pointed to the front, and half down 
the front of the line to the left, giving a good chance 
for an enfilading fire. Looking out to the front, I 
saw one of the prettiest sights in all my army experi- 
ence, for not over a hundred yards to the front, and 
in the open woods was a rebel brigade getting into 
alignment, and evidently about to charge. I hurriedly 
ran to the battery, calling for the officer in charge, 
and demanded from him, " why do you permit this 
formation in your front, without an effort to drive 
them back." He replied " waiting for orders, sir." 
I at once said, " open fire immediately with canister 
on those rebels, by order of Gen. Palmer," and in less 
tiiue than I take to write, he had the ball opened, and 
swept the rebel brigade with an enfilading fire; they 
couldn't stand this, and in short order we had them 
to the right about in double quick time, assisted 
by the infantry fire, which accompanied the artil- 
lery. 

Some time after the close of the war, 1 met the 
confederate Gen. Kirkland, and as conversation grew 
between us, I found he was in the fight before Kins- 
ton, and I told him about my little part in sending 
a brigade of his troops back quicker than they came. 
He grew interested, and after several cjuestions and 
replies said, " that was my brigade, and had it not 
been for that confounded battery of artillery cutting 
my troops all to pieces, I'd have been inside your 
lines in a very few minutes." I told him I was glad 
to know that such a small order on my part had met 
with such good results, and praised him for having 
his brigade so well under control, as to halt under 
fire, and make a really fine alignment. He replied, 
"well I suppose I must blame 3"ou for it, but you 
spoiled one of the best chances I ever had, and cut up 
a fine brigade. " 



THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 135 

This part of the affair was soon over, so I passed 
down the line with only an occasional " zip " to make 
me sure that some one was in front, and while doing- 
so ran most unexpectedly across Lieut. Bowman, 
15th C. v., who had with him some men of the 15th 
C. v., and also the blue regimental color. I was 
amazed to see him because I knew the 15th was 
brigaded over towards the left, so asked him, 
" Charlie, what in the world are you doing here with 
the color, and where has the regiment moved to?" 
He replied to my g^reat sorrow, " Lieutenant, they 
are all captured except these few, and how we got 
through I don't know." He further said that the 
cavalry on outpost in advance of the lines retreated 
to the left and rear without notifying the infantry so 
that the first thing the regiment knew it had a 
strong fire in front, another fire from left and rear, 
and before long the rebs broke through the brigade 
on the right, completely surrounding the 15th, leav- 
ing no alternative but surrender. Imagine my feel- 
ings to hear this ! There were all my old comrades 
either killed, wounded or captured, and the dear old 
regiment gobbled up, and as I thought with hardly a 
chance to show its metal — I felt like crying and had 
the blues for many a day afterward. However tame 
it may seem simply to tell of a regiment being sur- 
rounded and captured, having small report of their con- 
di:ct under fire ; yet it does not often happen to have 
such praise from an enemy as the rebels awarded the 
15th Conn. Vols. One day soon after the surrender, 
the colonel of the 57th North Carolina Confederate 
Infantry was at our headquarters talking to the mem- 
bers of our staff, and as was most natural, had a great 
deal to say of the war. During his conversation (of 
course not knowing any of us as connected with any 
regiment) he spoke of the battle of Kinston of how 
desperately they tried to drive us back, or flank us, 
and with what vigor they were met, and further said 



136 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

that during- all his experience of army life, he had 
never seen such a fine exhibition of hard fighting' as 
that given by the 15th Conn, regiment. " Why, will 
you believe me," said he, " I saw them change front 
three separate times during the fight and dress up as 
if on parade. We had to entirely surround them 
before they would surrender If you had more men 
like that the war would sooner have been over." He 
also said that they felt as if such men and officers 
were entitled to better treatment than ordinary pris- 
oners, and he believed special favors were shown 
them as a tribute to their bravery. 

You who were in the thick of the fight and know 
just what occurred, will certainly be glad to know 
that your brave stand was fully appreciated by a foe 
whose own bravery we dare not disparage. 

I'm sorry that the little part taken by us on the 
right, does not permit me to tell you more about the 
fight, but as we were several miles away from the 
actual engagement, holding our part of the line as far 
down as the river, we didn't see anything of it, only 
waited impatiently for news and orders to move some 
way or other. These orders didn't come, but the Bat- 
tle of Wise's Forks was over and Hoke didn't get in. 

The forw^ard movement of the whole army fol- 
lowed next day or the day after, Hoke retreating 
rapidly to and through Kinston, blowing up his ports 
and destroying the famous ram of which we had 
heard so much. It took but a short time to get a 
pontoon over the river to Kinston, and before very 
long the railroad was running from Morehead City, 
bringing up supplies for Sherman's army. This com- 
pleted our duty so we w^ere soon back again in New 
Berne in our old c|uarters. 

FRANK D. MOSHEr's ACCOUNT OF HIS CAPTURE AND PRISON 
EXPERIENCE. 

After our reserve was overpowered we had orders 
to make the best of our way out. I buckled on my 




Quaitermaster Marshall C. Augur 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 137 

knapsack, but before I reached the house at the cross 
roads (Col. Tolles' headquarters) it was missing-. I 
picked up another with a woolen and rubber blanket 
attached to it and got as far as the woods skirting the 
creek, when I heard the command from a "reb," 
"halt! throw down your gun!" I thought a live 
coward was better than a dead hero, and I obeyed the 
order. My captor was a very humane man. I did 
not know I was wounded until he called my attention 
to a rent in the leg of my pantaloons ; it was only a 
flesh wound about two inches long and an inch deep, 
made by a bullet, afterward found in my shoe, and I 
have it yet. My captor marched me to Kinston. I 
was put in an old stone house with a large number of 
our wounded. We stayed in Kinston that night and 
were cared for tenderly by the Confederate nurses. 
[See general history]. One episode I remember 
which will show the difference in rebel soldiers. 
While in Kinston, on the night of the 8th of March, 
under charge of the man who captured me, another 
soldier came blustering up and demanded my canteen 
and knapsack. My guard clubbed his musket and 
told his comrade he had come to the wrong place to 
show his brutality, and further told him he had been 
a prisoner himself once in the Yankee's hands at the 
North and was well treated, and that nobody could 
rob any prisoner of his while he had charge of him. 
The fellow went off swearing. When we came to 
part I traded a knife I had with my guard for a plug 
of tobacco, a large piece of bacon and some corn 
bread. We left Kinston on the forenoon of the 9th, 
on the cars and arrived at Goldsboro in the middle of 
the afternoon. Here we saw our comrades who 
were not wounded marching round in a cattle pen. 
[Fair ground]. We were taken to the Court House. 
On the way there many of the women treated us 
kindly. [See general history], even inviting us to 
come into their houses and have our wounds dressed 



1 38 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEIiS. 

if we could steal away from the guard. I think that 
the grnards themselves were half loj'al, for many of 
our boys entered the dwellings without being seen. 
While here a lieutenant of a New Hampshire regi- 
ment managed to get a $ioo Confederate bill, and 
gave it to a citizen to procure a turkey for him and 
cook it. This was done in fine style, and all the 
wotinded shared it. 

On the afternoon of the loth the surgeon announced 
that he had orders to get us out of there as soon as pos- 
sible, for the Yanks had taken Kinston and were 
coming up the country. We found Osborne, Bishop, 
Phillips and some others of the more severely 
wounded already on the cars when we got there. 
There was a car load of rebel wounded on the same 
train. The surgeon went with us, a kind and helpful 
man ; he made the guards get water for us on that 
long night ride. We brought up in Salisbury next 
day. [See general history.] We debarked froin the 
cars and entered that miserable hole, Salisbury 
prison. It made us feel blue but not discouraged. 
We were given brick quarters outside the stockade, 
but everything was swarming with vermin. Basins, 
sponges, and soap were in great demand. The Con- 
federate authorities gave our nurses double rations for 
taking care of us, and such rations ! Corn cobs and 
corn ground together, and soup, made of one part 
rice and nine parts water; occasionally a dish of bean 
soup. The beans were small and black, with no more 
substance than a " double B shot," and there were 
three beans to a quart of water. At one time they 
got some bacon as a treat for us. Well it was a sur- 
prise, if not a treat ; a surprise because when you laid 
it down it would move off of itself, it was so full of 
maggots. How Osborne, Bishop and Phillips suf- 
fered. Poor fellows, they have gone to their last 
camp. One thing I can say, the Confederate sur- 
geons did all in their power to help us. Often they 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 139 

would smuggle in whiske_v and eggs for those who 
suffered most. 

We stayed there a little over a week, and during 
this time, several of our comrades passed away, 
among them Lieut. Bishop, who bore his sufferings 
manfully. He was so severely wounded through the 
back, as to almost preclude recovery. I gave him a 
sponge bath the day he died, and we did all we could 
to save him. I must not forget to mention the kind- 
ness of our comrades in the main prison toward us, 
nor the care some officers of Western regiments gave 
us. We left the prison one afternoon, and were com- 
pelled to ride in rickety box cars with no seats, 
although there was plenty of room in the passenger 
cars in the rear. Appeal was made to the guard to 
allow this privilege, but the officer replied with an 
oath that the freight cars were good enough for us 
" Yanks," and he hoped we would all die before we 
got into our own lines. At daylight, we landed at 
Greensboro, a large village, and were marched to a 
grove a short distance away and left with nothing to 
eat for twenty-four hours, or until a train of paroled 
Confederate soldiers going home, threw out of the 
car windows some corn bread and bacon. That night 
we slept on the ground. I gave my blankets to Phil- 
lips, and sat all night by the fire our guard had made. 
The next morning we were loaded up in the box cars 
again, and started for Danville. Here we were put 
in an old store-house that was fairly comfortable. 
Rations of corn bread were dealt to us. Our stay 
here \vas brief, but long enough for death to claim 
Phillips, and vSmith of the color guard. We left Dan- 
ville one morning at daybreak, this time not /// the 
freight car but on top of it, and rode all day, arriving 
in Richmond about 9 in the evening. We were at 
once marched to Castle Thunder, where we spent the 
night and were transferred to Libby Prison the next 
day. Here we were packed in like sheep; corn bread 



140 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEES. 



and water was served out to us and we were expected 
to be happy. Finally, we were taken out on vSunday, 
April 2d, and put on a flag' of truce boat for our lines. 
As for myself, I was sick and nearly beat out, and 
hardly realized where I was. I determined to push 
through, however, and was glad enough when I saw 
the stars and stripes at Turkey Bend. 

THE ESCAPE AND RECAPTURE OF CAPT. WHITE AND LIEUT. 

LINSLEV. 

Capt. White and Lieut. Linsley left the column at 
Townersville, N. C. In the language of the former 
they concluded they could make better time march- 
ing alone than with the inconvenience of the guards, 
and so quietly slipped them early in the evening and 
in a moment were hid in the woods. They reached 
Clarksville at 11 p. m., supposing to find abridge over 
the Roanoke river at that point, but were disap- 
pointed. Following up the stream two or three miles 
they found a small boat in which they crossed it, as 
they supposed, but to their dismay had landed on an 
island. Here they wandered until an old " dug out" 
was descried on the river bank left by a freshet. This 
with infinite labor they moved to the water and 
embarked again. The opposite shore was reached in 
the darkness, and the twain lost no time in getting 
back into the country. This was Sunday, March 12. 
The next day was spent in a " forced march " north- 
ward or northeastward, and in the evening the}^ came 
again to the Roanoke river at a place called vScotts- 
bvirg. There was a ferry but a rebel guard was 
posted on the opposite bank to apprehend deserters. 
A negro informed them that one Joe Mosley, of his 
own race, occasionally ferried rebel deserters across 
and would, no doubt, secure them a passage — he was 
paid $10.00 for this precious bit of information and 
bade to hunt up the ferryman. Nothing more was 
seen of him nor of Mosley. Another colored 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 141 

brother's services were then put into requisition, who 
not only supplied them with food, but found Mosley 
and arranged that they should be taken over. The 14th 
they lay secreted in the woods till evening; when they 
approached the ferry both were surprised at the 
narrowness of the river at this point, and the close 
proximity of the rebel pickets who could plainl}^ be 
seen standing about their camp fire. 

Arriving at the landing, they found a squad of 
seven rebel deserters under charge of the ferryman, 
waiting to be taken over, six of whom had brought 
their arms from the field. The night was not par- 
ticularly dark and it was not without just a twinge 
of misgiving that they stepped in the boat and lay 
down with the fleeing Confederates; this feeling 
was not in the least dispelled when a chain care- 
lessly dropped by the helmsman clanked loudl}^ on 
the night air, but they were under way and across 
they must go. 

The opposite bank was quickly reached and they 
were about to step out when the sharp command 
"halt" nearly paralyzed them. A company of 
soldiers sprung t;p directly in front, and with levelled 
rifles covered the boat. There was no help. The 
deserters dropped their guns and the party were 
prisoners. It is not known what became of the 
deserters. White and Linsley were taken to the 
headquarters of the guard commanded by Capt. 
Duguid * and Lieut. Hurst, both of New Berne, N. C. 
These officers were gentlemanly in the extreme. 
Neither of them had heard from New Berne since 
entering the Confederate service, and their prisoners 
were enabled to tell them much of importance con- 
cerning the Union army's occupation of that place. 
This information assured them respectful and even 
kindly treatment. [See further mention, Chap. XIV — 
2d Part.] 

* In Sept. 1892, Lieut. Linsley visited Capt. Duguid at his residence in New 
Berne, N. C. 



142 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT V0IUNTEER8. 

THE CAPTURE OF WILLIAM H. NICHOLS. 

William H. Nichols, of Co. I, was captured while 
foraging' about two miles outside our lines at Kins- 
ton, April 8th, by the notorious cut-throat, O'Connor, 
and his gang of guerrillas. There was no escape. 
He was rushed back into the country, where three 
others, John A. Roberts, Co. H, 124th Ind.; Martin 
Walby, Co. G, 124th Ind., and John Opper, Co. K, 119th 
N. Y., Union soldiers like himself, were confined. At 
Nichols' capture, he had in his possession a few 
trinkets from a Kinston family, entrusted to him to 
carry to a family by the name of Sutton, in New 
Berne, and also a pass from Col. Upham to the latter 
place. Among the guerrillas was one Capt. Caraway, 
who was related to the Suttons, and who interceded 
for Nichols because of his message and contemplated 
kindness to that fainily. This singular circumstance 
probably saved the prisoner's life, as O'Connor was 
the most merciless outlaw in the Carolinas, and inva- 
riably murdered his captives. 

That night they all set out for the guerrilla camp, 
and after a ride of twenty-four hours reached it m 
the mountains. Here O'Connor became intoxicated, 
and would certainly have shot Nichols had not Capt. 
Caraway interfered. On the nth of April they 
entered Tarboro, N. C, and were turned over to the 
custody of the 10th N. C, doing guard duty there. 
In the adjutant of this regiment Nichols found a 
Yale College student, who knew New Haven well, and 
who treated his prisoner with marked favor while 
there. A new guard was made up, and the captives 
again started for Richmond. On the 12th they were 
at Enfield, N. C; on the 13th at Gaston; on the 14th 
at Ridgway, where they remained until the i6th; on 
the 17th at Halifax. Here paroles and two days' 
rations were offered them, which they accepted. 
Next morning, i8th, without rations or a cent 



DEFENSE OF TEE UNION. 143 

or even a jackknife, they set out on the road to 
Petersburg-. On the 19th they were at Bellfield. 
Here they learned of the assassination of President 
Lincoln, and Nichols notes that the people denounced 
it as a cowardly act. On the 20th they reached our 
lines south of Petersburg, and were taken in by the 
103d N. Y. 

CAPTAIX JOHN D. WHEELER's CAPTURE AND I.MPRISONMENT. 

Captain John D. Wheeler was captured by Gen. 
Hokes' forces at Plymouth, N. C, April 20, 1864. 
At this time he was Acting Assistant Inspector Gen- 
eral on the staff of Gen. Harland commanding the 
2d Brigade, 3rd Division, 9th Army Corps. He was 
with the 1 6th Conn. About 1900 in all were taken 
prisoners — the rank and file were sent direct to 
Andersonville and the officers, among them Capt. 
Wheeler, to Libby prison. Good fortune assigned 
them among some of the i8th Conn., who had spent 
nearly a year m that "retreat," and had learned how 
to make the most of confinement. 

When Gen. Butler landed at Bermuda Hundred 
early in May, 1864, there were upward of 800 Union 
officers in and around Richmond. On the 6th of that 
month they were hurried off to Danville, Va., for 
safety. They were confined there in an old factory 
about a week, and then under conditions of needless 
hardship sent on to Macon, Ga. Here they were 
thrust in the typical stockade, with its " dead line "— 
its plank enclosure — its gallery for the sentries — and 
cannon mounted to sweep the pen. By the end of 
July fully 2,000 officers had reached that place. Cir- 
cumstances made it necessary for the rebel authori- 
ties to remove them to a better place of safety and 
the captives were divided in three parties. That to 
which Capt. Wheeler was assigned between six and 
seven hundred in number, was transferred to a stock- 
ade in the suburbs of Savannah, Ga., and after a stay 



144 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 



of three weeks more or less, were sent on to Charles- 
ton, S. C. Here they were turned loose in the jail 
yard, exposed to the broiling Atigiist sun, without 
shelter, compelled to sleep on the paving" stones, 
swarming with vermin for six days, before the 
door of the empty jail behind was opened to admit 
them. 

Yellow fever made its appearance in Charleston 
near the close of September, and by an act of mercy 
(if it could be called such), the prisoners were 
removed to high ground between the Broad and 
Saluda rivers, near Cohimbia, S. C. This transfer 
was a great change at least in their surroundings. 
No stockade, no "dead line," no shelter except a few 
pine trees. The limits of the camp were defined only 
by stakes driven in the ground, and the well worn 
"beats" of the sentries. Liberty was afforded the 
prisoners (under guard), to bring in wood, and an axe 
was allowed each loo men. "Burrows" were soon 
constructed, but the weather grew bitterly cold, and 
unprovided as were the men with overcoats or blan- 
kets, they suffered severely. 

Winter set in and it appeared as if they would 
spend it in that place. It was retired from main cen- 
tres and "flags of truce" found no carriers down 
there — notwithstanding this, rumors of an impending- 
exchange reached their camp, and on Dec. 12, about 
thirty of the officers, among them Capt. Wheeler, 
received their paroles. The}^ were by no means slow 
in signing them and the next day were taken to Char- 
leston and transferred to a Union Gunboat lying close 
under the guns of Fort wSumpter. Capt. Wheeler 
reached Annapolis, Dec. 20th, eight months after his 
capture, and from thence returned to Conn. Here he 
found his private matters in such condition as to 
demand personal attention, and he accordingly 
resigned his commission earlv in 1865. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 145 



EXTRACTS FROM SERGT. TOWNER's DIARY. 

[Note. — Sergt. Towner's account of his imprisonment has 
heretofore been heavily drawn on by the writer, to illustrate the 
journey of the wounded prisoners from Kinston to Richmond]. 

Speaking of his experience in Salisbury Prison, 
he says : " The surgeon, a gruff old fellow came 
toward evening; I remember him for pouring some 
turpentine in my wound. Our rations consisted of 
rye coffee, a loaf of rye bread, about three b}^ four 
inches (for two days), and rice soup; the soup was 
very thin. We had a promise of meat once in eight 
da3''s; the bread was merely flour and water, mixed 
and baked; as to its solidity, you can judge. Our 
wounds became inflamed and offensive for want of 
care. On the 15th (March), the rations of the 
well prisoners were reduced one-half, but ours 
remained the same. I went in to see Lieut. Bishop, 
who was in the next building, and found him lying 
on a stretcher propped up with blankets; he seemed 
cheerful and said he was trying to pull through. I 
have thought since that the brave fellow was keeping 
up appearances to encourage the others when he 
knew his own case was hopeless. Major Osborne lay 
beside him. A Catholic priest came to see us, and he 
was the only clergyman to my knowledge who visited 
the prison. Lieut. Bishop died at 8 o'clock, Friday 
evening, March 17th." 

"At Greensboro we were taken to a large open 
field and lay out all night ; the wind blew strongly 
from the northwest, and as many of us had neither 
blankets nor overcoats, we suffered bitterly from the 
cold; I had an overcoat, and so gave my blanket to 
Major Osborne. * * * * After arriving at Dan- 
ville, while we were marchiug down the street, a 
group of rebel officers on the balcony of a hotel, 
thought to guy us, supposing we were ' Sherman's 
bummers,' and said that ' Uncle Robert would use 



146 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Sherman right smart when he got at him,' but our 
fellows advised them to ' take in Mar's Bob out of the 
wet when uncle Billy gets up this way.' Rations 
were not at all abundant here, but the thing we most 
needed was salt. On the morning of the 29th, we 
were called at daybreak to take the cars for Richmond. 
Some were too weak from lack of food and condition 
of their wounds to start, among them Corporal Frank 
Phillips and Major Osborne. We left them under 
fair treatment in a hospital and turned toward Rich- 
mond." 



CHAPTER XII. 

provost duty at kinston the. 15th again reunited 

death of quartermaster bowns private 

rogers' school tax list of kinston " camp 

Chattanooga" — muster out of u. s. service — 
arrival in new haven, conn. 

Shortly after the occupation of Kinston, the fol- 
lowing order was issued : 

Headquarters District of Beaufort, 
Kinston, N. C, March 18, 1865. 
Special Orders } 
No. 10. \' 

II. The 15th Conn. Volunteer Infantr}^ and Battery A, 3d 
New York Volunteer Artillery (dismounted), are hereb}' trans- 
ferred from the 2d Division, District of Beaufort, Brig. Gen. 
S. P. Carter, comd'g, to the ist Division, District of Beaufort, 
and will report without delay to Brig. Gen. I. N. Palmer, comd'g, 
for assignment to brigade. 

By Command of jNIAJ. GEN. COX, 
THEO. COX, Maj. and A. A. G. 

On or about the 23d of March, railroad communi- 
cation between New Berne and Kinston was restored. 
The Union forces at the latter place were cut down 
to one brigade, but the duty was light and this force 
found amply sufficient. On the 25th, camp was 
removed to the. eastern side of the town, and still 
later (May i8th) to the John C. Washington estate,* 
a magnificent country seat on high ground north of 
the village. Here was a typical southern plantation ; 
a thousand and more acres all highly cultivated lay 
within sight of the mansion. The slave quarters were 
in admirable condition, though tenanted then only 

* Visited by the writer in 1S92; buildings going to decay and a ruino.is condition 
everywhere apparent. 



1 4 8 FIFTEENTH CONN EC TIC UT VOL UNTEEBS. 

by a few aged servants. Beautiful walks paved with 
imported English bricks circled amid flowers and 
shrubbery on every hand, and oaks and magnolias 
sheltered many a royal mocking bird. It was an ideal 
home. 

The 4th of April was made a memorable occasion 
to the loyal citizens of Kinston. On that day the car- 
penters of the garrison ]\Iartin Allen, of Co. D., and 
Noyes Bristol, of B, raised a lofty mast on the roof of 
the Court House from which the stars and stripes 
were displayed. The ceremony was honored with 
music by the regimental band and with salutes and 
cheers. There was no opposition by the populace, 
in fact, for a year or more, rebellion had been growing 
unpopular in eastern North Carolina. 

The news of the surrender of Gen. Lee reached 
Kinston, April 12th. A few days thereafter guard 
restrictions w^ere considerably reduced and the boys 
had little to do but digest their rations. On the nth 
of May the captured officers returned to the regiment, 
and on the 15th, the paroled men arrived from Alex- 
andria, Va. Except the severely wounded, and those 
whom death had mustered out, the Lyon Regiment 
was again united. It was a happy reunion. Col. 
Upham resumed command on the i8th, and Capt. 
Burgess was made Provost Marshal. 

On the 2ist occurred that saddening event, the 
death of Quartermaster Bowns, by the cars at New 
Berne. He was buried there on the 2 2d, his brother 
officers from Kinston attending the obsequies in a 
body. 

The regiment remained at Kinston nearly three 
months. All were aware, particularly during the lat- 
ter part of this period, that active field duty was over 
and discharge from service near at hand. There was 
no antagonism between the citizens and the garrison ; 
every body went unmolested about their business. 
Frequent "excursions " were made by the boys to the 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 141^ 

outlying farms, but few complaints reached head- 
quarters that they failed to pay for what they took. 
Here it was that Allen and Bristol, two excellent car- 
penters, made the "knapsack boxes," comrades will so 
well remember, neither will any one forget the Con- 
federate ram sunken in the river opposite the city, 
and the rusty arms and ammunition which sundr}^ 
venturesome lads occasionally fished up from the 
wreck. These arms w^ere mainly Colt's revolvers, the 
property of the United States, and were stolen by the 
rebels at Norfolk, Va. The craft was never useful to 
the Confederacy, being too large for the river. It had 
been destroyed but a week when our forces reached 
Kinston. 

During the occupation of the latter place, the 
experiment of furnishing a free evening school for 
the colored people, was tried by private Rogers of E. 
In this he was assisted by a few of his comrades as 
teachers. It proved a complete success. The school 
opened May ist, in one of the churches, with an 
attendance of about forty. Rogers became enthusi- 
astic in his work, and the work corresponding!}" pros- 
pered. On May 3d, the school numbered one hundred 
ninety-two members, on Ma}" 17th, two hundred 
twenty members, on the rSth, two hundred fifty, 
and by the first of June something over three hun- 
dred names had been enrolled, of all ages from five 
years to seventy years and over. Not content with 
this, Rogers, by permission of his officers, started a 
day school May 2 2d, also for the colored people, with 
an average attendance of upward of two hundred. 
Five sessions per week were held and the eagerness 
manifested to learn, as well as the progress made, was 
most surprising. Although Rogers' work was of 
short duration, owing to the departure of the regi- 
ment early in June, the most beneficial results fol- 
lowed. He was able to secure the co-operation of two 
officers of the colored regiment that succeeded the 



15° 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 



15th, and it was afterwards learned that the schools 
were continued well into the midsummer. 

A sino-le illustration is given here to show the 
means of some of the members of the vSouthern Con- 
federacy, and the extent of their possessions. It is 
taken from the Tax List of Kinston for 1864, which 
schedule was found by Allen of D, when our forces 
first entered the Court House in that city. 



James T. Albritton 

Elizabeth Bond . . 

Elias Albritton 

Lewis B. Cox 

Eusebius J. Dunn 

Cynthia Dunn 

Walter Dunn ... 

John Ennis. [Gone to the "Yan- 
kees."] 

William Fields 

Richard F. Greene 

Pinckney Ilardee 

Richard W. King 

Shade E. Loftin 

S. B. Turnage. [Gone to the 
Yankees, the encmv.] 

John Tull '.. 

Hines Whitfield 

John C. Washington* 



581 
500 
314 



350 



798 



531 



2248 

700 

1430 



12 
20 

18 
21 
47 



48 
17 
24 



85 



VALUATION OF 
SLAVES. 



$10,000.00 



4,475.00 

10,150.00 

8,050.00 

7,825.00 

23,150.00 



11,600.00 
25,900.00 
7,700.00 
11,950.00 
13,050.00 



38,325.00 



Bear in mind these are but few names from a 
single district in Lenoir Co. What then must have 
been the total slave valuation of the State ? 

On the 5th of June, 1865, the long expected order 
came to return to New Berne, preparatory to being 
mustered out of service, and the next day at 8 o'clock, 
the regiment bade farewell to Kinston. New Berne 
vv.-K '•< -ached in a couple of hoiirs, and the cotnmand 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 151 

was assigned to a location, called " Camp ('hattanooga," 
three miles or more outside the city. The following 
order was issued : 

Head Quarters Rendezvous, 
Near New Berne, N. C, June 6, 1865. 
Special Orders ) 
No. I. \ 

I. Colonel Charles L. Upham, 15th Conn. Volunteers, is 
hereby assigned to the command of Camp Chattanooga. 

By Command of BRIG. GEN. PALMER. 

J. W. ATWIN, Capt. and A. A. A. G. 

There was little or no dut}^ to perform here, except 
to " stand guard." Berry picking parties were num- 
erous, and all sorts of amusements devised to while 
awaj^ the time until the final orders should come. On 
the 24th, the recruits were transferred to the 7th Conn., 
and on the 27th, the regiment broke camp and 
marched to New Berne. Later the same day, it was 
mustered out of the U. S. service, and remained tem- 
porarily quartered at " Foster's Wharf " until the 
30th, when it shook the dust of the South off its feet 
for ever, and went on board the schooner " Recruit " 
bound for New York. Five uneventful days' were 
consumed in the passage, and the metropolis was 
reached on the morning of July 4th, 1865; the veter- 
ans were landed within a few yards of where they 
embarked two years, ten months and six days before. 
Transportation was at once secured by rail for New 
Haven, and late in the afternoon, the tired, dusty, 
war-worn Lyon Regiment proudly marched up the 
the Elm City's streets — never so beautiful to them 
before — amid the hand-clapping and hurrahs of a 
welcoming host. The 15th Conn, was again in God's 
country. 

The New Haven Journal and Courier in its issue of 
July 5, published the following in connection with 
the return of the regiment : 



1 5 2 J'^fF'J 'KKN Til CON NEC TIC UT VOL UNTEERS. 

"The 15th Rei^-iment arrived in this cit}' on Tues- 
day evening at 6 o'clock and was given a most cordial 
and enthusiastic welcome. Information was received 
in the early part of the afternoon that they were 
delayed in New York and would leave on the 3 
o'clock train. Instant preparation was made to give 
them a reception and collation. Major Mansfield and 
the committee set zealously to work and were suc- 
cessful to a most flattering degree. Gen. Russell and 
staff, the Horse Guard, Grays, Light Guard, City 
Guard, Phoenix Hose No. i, Neptune Hose No. 2, 
formed on the green and marched to the head of the 
wharf and met them. The usual forms of military 
reception took place, when the procession marched 
up State street in the following order : 

Platoon of Police. 

Horse Guard's Band. 

Horse Guard. 

City Guard. 

Light Guard. 

New Haven Grays. 

Major Gen. Russell and Staff. 

2ist Regiment Band. 

Phoenix Hose No. i. 

Neptune Hose No. 2. 

15th Conn. Regt. 

The line passed up State street to Chapel, to 
Church, to Crown, to York, to Chapel, to Temple, to 
the green, where it stacked arms and went into the 
State House where, after taking their places around 
the well loaded tables, his honor Mayor Scranton, 
welcomed them in an able speech. In closing, he 
said, 'We appreciate your sufferings and I return to 
you in behalf of New Haven, of New Haven County, 
and of the State, a cordial greeting. It is vain for me 
to express the feelings of the citizens of Connecticut 
toward these soldiers who without reward stood 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



153 



between us and those who would take away our 
dearest rights.' 

The mayor then invited the boys to partake of the 
refreshments which they did most effectually. The 
following roster of officers returned with the regi- 
ment : 

Col. Charles L. Upham. 

Lieut. Col. vSamuel ToUes. 

Adjutant Philip C. Rand. 

Quartermaster Joseph C. Allen. 

Surgeon H. V. C. Holcomb. 

Asst. Surgeons — Edward O. Cowles, E. F. Hendricks. 

Co. A — Lieut. A. P. Day, Lieut. Charles Harwood. 

Co. B— Capt. T. R. Davis, Lieut. Charles S. Gray. 

Co. C — Lieut. S. F. Linsley, Lieut. Frederic Elser. 

Co. D — Capt. William C. Burgess, Lieut. Charles 
Bowman. 

Co. E — Lieut. Heber Ives. 

Co. F — Capt. Reuben Waterman, Lieut. David Hyde. 

Co. G— Lieut. G. M. Beach. 

Co. H— Capt. Robert O. Bradley, Lieut. N. F. Bur- 
ritt. 

Co. I— Capt. M. A. Buttricks, Lieut. Augustus 
Roderiquez. 

Co. K— Capt. M. D. Munson, Lieut. John Hall." 

That night most of the men scattered to their 
homes. They came together again for final muster out 
and payment July 12th, and after that, the 15th Conn. 
Regiment, as an active organization, ceased to exist. 

Summary of Regiment. 
*The original roster of officers and men, . 1,022 
Number of recruits added, 595 



Total strength, 1,617 



♦Adjutant Gen. of Conn. Report i8 



154 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 



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Lieut. Aug. Rodriguez. 



CHAPTER XIII. 
REGIMENTAL REUXIOXS. 

PREPARED BV WALTER H. LORD, SECRETARY. 

On October 2d, 1869, a few members of Co. I, 15th 
Conn., living in New Haven, met by agreement to 
arrange for a reunion of their company. A compari- 
son of views led them to change their intentions 
however, and a general rally of the whole regiment 
was advocated. To secure the latter result a com- 
mittee of three. Oscar P. Ives, Isaac Chamberlain and 
James A. Church, was chosen to publish through the 
local press a call for all ex-members of the regiment 
to come together and consider the matter. In 
response to this appeal about forty of the veterans 
gathered a week or two later. Capt. M. A. Buttricks 
was chosen chairman. It was unanimously voted to 
hold a reunion, and Charles E. Hart, AValter H. Lord 
and Zadoc R. Morse, were appointed to select the 
time and place for such a meeting. This committee 
a little later, named "Wallingford, Conn., as the most 
suitable place, and fixed the date as Nov. 29th, 1869. 
Such were the preliminary steps taken toward provid- 
ing for that series of annual gatherings, which for a 
quarter of a century have proven so delightful to the 
veterans. 

FIRST RKUXIOX. 

Wallingford, Conn., Xov. 2g, i86g. 

The first reunion of the 15th Conn, regmient was 
held to-day ; one hundred fifteen members were pres- 
ent. A business meeting was held in the Town Hall, 
with Lieut. Col. Samuel Tolles, temporary chairman, 
and Capt. M. A. Buttricks, secretary. 



1 5 6 FIFTEENTH CONNECTIC UT VOL UNTEER6. 

Col. Tolles, on taking- the chair, made a brief 
address and in closing, urged the importance of form- 
ing a permanent organization. To accomplish this 
a committee of one from each company was chosen to 
report a plan. 
Co. Co. 

A. Philip C. Rand. F. Hobart Wright. 

B. Charles D. Barnes. G. George Bryan. 

C. Thomas Sherman. H. Henry C. Baldwin. 

D. Justus Storer. I. Oscar P. Ives. 

E. Charles R. Coan. K. Solomon F. Linsley. 

This committee recommended that the organiza- 
tion be known as the 15th Conn. Regiment Veteran 
Association, and that the following officers be 
chosen: 

Col. Charles L. Upham, .... President. 

Lieut. -Col. Samuel Tolles, . Vice President. 

Philip C. Rand, vSec. and Treas. 

The Rev. John B. Doolittle, . . Chaplain. 

Dr. H. V. C. Holcomb, Surgeon. 

Lieut. Julius B. Bissell, .... Historian. 

The meeting endorsed the report and unani- 
mously elected the nominees. Adjournment was 
then made to the Beach House for dinner. Landlord 
Smith had provided a most excellent table ; tickets 
$1.00. After dinner, speeches, stories, and general 
rejoicing was in order, with such satisfaction to the 
boys that future meetings were confidently assured. 

SECOND REUNION. 

JVeui Haven, Conn., Aug. 2j, iSyo. 
The second reunion of the regiment, was held at 
Light House Point. About two hundred of the mem- 
bers assembled in the morning at the State House, 
New Haven Green, and led by Col. Tolles, marched 
to I>clle Dock where steam tu"-s were taken for the 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 157 

" Grove House." At the business meeting- the old 
officers were re-elected. An executive committee 
was chosen to provide for the next reunion. The 
dinner was furnished by Messrs. Bario & Prince ; 
tickets $1.00 ; after this repast, came brief addresses 
from Col. Tolles, Dr. Holcomb, Chaplain Doolittle, 
Lieut. Johnston, Lieut. Linsle}', Capt. Buttricks, Capt. 
Davis and others. Sergt. Raffile also gave a recita- 
tion. The regiment returned to New Haven about 
6 o'clock, and was marched to the Green and dis- 
missed. 

THIRD REUNION. 

Savw Rock, Aug. 25, iSyi. 
About one hundred sixty of the veterans accom- 
panied by Felsburg's band, went down on the horse cars 
to West Haven. The business session was held in 
"Grove Palace." Col. C. L. Upham in the chair. The old 
officers were re-elected with the substitution of Col. 
Tolles as historian. An executive committee was 
also chosen. There were present at the dinner table 
one hundred seventeen. Tickets, $1.00. Following 
dinner came the usual addresses. Lieut. Linsley 
spoke of the propriety of erecting' a monument to 
the deceased members of the regiment, buried at New 
Berne, N. C, and a committee of one from each com- 
pany was appointed to report on the matter. (Names 
lost). Col. Tolles then read a brief history of the 
regiment [see preface] for which he received the 
thanks of the association. A pleasant feature of this 
gathering was the presentation of a beautiful bouquet 
of flowers to the veterans by the mother of the 
lamented Major Osborne. 

FOURTH REUNION. 

Meride/i, Conn., Aug. 26, i8j2. 
This reunion was held by invitation of the Meri- 
den comrades at "Hemlock Grove." There was a 
good attendance, one hundred seventy-three being 



1 5 8 FIFTEENTH CONNECTIC UT VOL UNTEERS. 

at the dinner table. Tickets $1.50. The following 
officers were elected : 

Justus Storer, President. 

William S. Beecher, . . . Vice President. 

Philip C. Rand, . Secretary and Treasurer. 

Henry C. Baldwin, Historian. 

The committee of arrangements for the next 
meeting were Oscar P. Ives, Capt. M. A. Buttricks and 
George W. Stoddard. 

FIFTH REUNION. 

Lig/tt House Point, Aug. 25, 1873. 
The veterans assembled at the State House on 
New Haven Green and escorted by Felsburg's band, 
marched to Belle Dock and took the steamer " Novelty" 
for Light House Point. From one hundred fifty to 
one hundred seventy-five members went down on the 
boat. The business meeting was called to order 
by Vice President Beecher. The following officers of 
the Association were then elected : 

Col. C. L. Upham, President. 

James A. Chiirch, . . . Vice President. 

P. C. Rand, . . Secretary and Treasurer. 

Col. Samuel Tolles, Historian. 

Enoch E. Rogers, Chaplain. 

Dr. H. V. C. Holcomb, Surgeon. 

After dinner, comrade H. C. Baldwin (historian) 
was introduced and gave reminiscences of the regi- 
ment. He was followed by Col's Upham and Tolles, 
Chap. Rogers, Capt. Buttricks and others ; one hun- 
dred forty -eight veterans sat down to the dinner. 
Tickets seventy-five cents. 

SIXTH REUNION. 

North Haven, Conn., Aug. 25, 18J4. 
By invitation of the citizens of North Haven, the 
Sixth Reunion was held there. The families of the 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 159 

veterans were invited to be present. The Hartford 
City Band did the musical honors of the occasion. 
The business session was presided over by Col. 
Upham. The following officers were chosen for the 
ensuing year : 

Col. C. L. Upham, President. 

William F. Johnson, . . Vice President. 
P. C. Rand, . . Secretary and Treasurer. 
The Rev. John B. Doolittle, . . Chaplain. 

Willis Benedict, vSurgeon. 

Col. Samuel Tolles, Historian. 

The death of Dr. Holcomb was mentioned, and a 
committee to prepare appropriate resolutions was 
appointed by the chair: 

Col. Tolles, Capt. G. M. White, 

Chaplain Doolittle. 

The resolutions were as follows: 

Whereas, we have been called to rnourn the loss 
by death of an estimable member of our association. 
Surgeon H. V. C. Holcomb, of Branford, Conn., and 
whereas, in his relations with the regiment as its sur- 
geon, as well as in his intercourse with us personally, 
he entitled himself by his professional services to our 
warmest gratitude, and by his unfaltering courage to 
our respect and admiration therefore: 

Resolved, That we hereby extend to the relatives 
of our deceased comrade, and especially to her who 
is widowed by his death, our sincere sympathy and 
condolence in this affliction : 

Resolved, That we will ever hold in grateful remem- 
brance the faithful and fearless service our surgeon 
rendered us in times of peculiar trial, and the warm 
heart which made his friendship as endearing as his 
services were indispensable. 

Brief addresses were made by Col. Tolles, Chap- 
lain Doolittle, and others. A vote of thanks was 



i6o FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

tendered the North Haven comrades and the citizens 
for their hospitality. One hundred seventy-one 
members present. An assessment of fifty cents each 
was made for regimental expenses. 

SEVENTH REUNION. 

Lig/it House Point, Aug. 25, iSys- 

About one hundred seventy-five of the members 
of the Association took part in this reunion. All 
sections of the State were represented. The assemb- 
ling- place was New Haven Green, from thence to 
Belle Dock and then a short sail on the Steamer 
Pastime. The business meeting was held in the hall 
of Messrs. Bario 8c Prince's restaurant, and the old 
officers were re-elected. Previous to the dinner, 
addresses were made by Col. ToUes, Capt. White, 
Lieut. Linsley and others. The usual executive 
committee was chosen. The dinner was very satis- 
factory. Tickets one dollar. 

EIGHTH REUNION. 

Guilford, Conn., Aug. 26, i8j6. 

By invitation of the comrades and ladies of Guil- 
ford the Association held its 8th reunion in that vil- 
lage. The visitors were met at the railroad station 
by the Guilford Band and resident veterans, and 
escorted to the M. E. Church, where the business 
meeting was called to order by Col. Upham. The 
following officers were unanimously elected : 

Col. C. L. Upham, President. 

Col. Samuel Tolles, . . . Vice President. 

John B. Doolittle, Chaplain. 

Willis Benedict, Surgeon. 

P. C. Rand, . . . Secretary and Treasurer. 
H. C. Baldwin, Historian. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. i6i 

It was voted that the secretary procure a suitable 
volume and that hereafter members attending reunions 
register their names where practicable. The dinner 
(provided free) was all that could be asked for. Dur- 
ing its consideration, music and toasts were in order. 
Col. Tolles, Chaplain Doolittle, Lieut. Linsley, W. S. 
Beecher and others spoke. Private Henry Kelly was 
present with his " Kellyope " and rendered several 
selections upon it. An assessment of $1.00 each was 
made. There were one hundred thirty-three at the 
tables. 

NINTH REUNION. 

Light House Point, Aug. 2j, iSjY- 

The ninth reunion was marked by a rainy day, the 
first in the series. About forty members drove down 
from New Haven in stages. The business meeting 
was held in a tent on the grounds. The old board 
of officers was re-elected. 

The dinner took the form of a " clambake " and 
proved an agreeable change. The small attendance, 
however, cut down the usual festivities of such an 
occasion, and the Association returned to New Haven 
about 4 p. m. Forty-one present at dinner. Tickets 
fifty cents. 

TENTH REUNION. 

Light House Point, August 25, i8-j8. 

The veterans gathered at the " Park House " in 
New Haven for this reunion and took stages for des- 
tination. The " dinner call " was sounded at i o'clock 
p. m., and one hundred thirty members responded. 
A " clambake " was served in excellent style. An 
assessment of seventy - five cents each was made. 
Afterward the business meeting was called to order 
by Capt. Davis, and the old board of officers was re- 
elected. Remarks were made by Historian Baldwin, 
Quartermaster Kimball and others. 



1 62 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

ELEVENTH REUNION. 

Hartford, Conn., Sept. ij, iSjp. 
About one hundred members of the 15th Conn, 
represented the regiment in Hartford, " Battle Flag 
Day." A short business meeting was held and the 
present officers were invited to hold over another 
year. The colors of the Regiment were deposited 
with those of the other commands in the State 
House. 

TWELFTH REUNION. 

Orange, Conn., Aug. 2j, 18S0. 

One of the pleasantest of the long list of reunions 
was that held in Orange. The veterans arrived by 
train from both directions, and a large portion of the 
town was present to welcome them. The Ansonia band 
furnished the music. A bouquet was deftly fastened 
on each veteran's coat lappel as he arrived. The busi- 
ness meeting was held in the Congregational Church, 
Col. Upham presiding, and the old officers were re- 
elected. The dinner w^as laid in a tent adjoining the 
Town Hall and was the most liberal banquet the regi- 
ment ever sat down to. It was a magnificent tribute 
by the ladies of Orange, and w^as appreciated to the 
fullest extent by their visitors. 

Adjournment was then made to the High School 
room, where an hour was spent by the comrades in 
intercourse with each other. Many brought their 
wive?. At 2 p. m. public services were held in the 
Congregational Church which was crowded to its 
fullest capacity. The Rev. E. C. Rogers presided and 
read extracts from his war diary. A letter from ex- 
chaplain John B. Doolittle, then preaching in Ne- 
braska, was read. Comrade C. A. BakUvin of the 27th 
Conn, made a handsome speech. The warmest expres- 
sions of praise were given chairman Rogers and his 
executive committee for the royal entertainment fur- 
nished. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



163 



THIRTEENTH REUXIOX. 

Ifigh Rock Grove, Conn., Aug. 25, 18S1. 

This was the first '-basket pic-nic" of the veterans 
and their families. A special train carried the party 
from New Haven, who met the Naugatuck Valley com- 
rades on the grounds. A large number were present. 

The business meeting was called to order by Col. 
Upham in the pavilion. The old officers were re-ap- 
pointed. Addresses were made by Capt. "White, the 
Rev. Eugene Atwood and others. Comrade H. C. 
Baldwin read Frank Mosher's recollections of his 
three years' service, for which the latter received a 
vote of thanks. A letter was read from Chaplain 
John B. Doolittle, stating he was in Nebraska and in 
ill health. A purse of $50 was quickl}^ made up for 
him. 

FOURTEENTH REUNION. 

Bratiford, Conn., Aug. 2^, 1882. 

By invitation of Mason Rogers Post, G. A. R., the 
regiment held its 14th reunion in Branford. Eight 
car loads of veterans and their fanjilies went over 
from New Haven. The party was escorted to the 
Town Hall, where the business meeting was held, 
Col. Upham, presiding. 

The following officers were elected : 

Col. C. L. Upham, President. 

Capt. W. C. Burgess, . . . Vice President. 
Philip C. Rand, .... vSec. and Treas. 

Henry G. Marshall, Chaplain. 

Willis Benedict, Surgeon. 

Capt. Geo. M. White, Historian. 

The dinner was free, and one hundred seventy-one 
veterans sat down to it. Afterward addresses were 
made by the Hon. N. D. Sperry, of New Haven, and 
L. A. Dickinson, postmaster at Hartford. Brief re- 
marks were also made by members of the regiment. 



1 64 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

FIFTEENTH REUNION. 

Savin Rock, Conn., Aug. 24, 1883. 

Bv invitation of the Xew Haven members, the 
regiment went to Savin Rock to celebrate its reunion. 
There was a large attendance. One hundred 
eighty -nine comrades registered their names, but 
four hundred seventeen men, women and children sat 
down to dinner in Grove Palace. 

The business meeting was called to order by Col. 
Upham. The following comrades were elected 
officers : 

Capt. M. A. Buttricks. . . . President. 

William S. Beecher, . . . Vice President. 

P. C. Rand, . . . Secretary and Treasurer. 

Chaplain John B. Doolittle was present from 
Nebraska, and spoke feelingly of the tribute sent him 
at the last reunion. The Hon. C. H. Pine, of Ansonia, 
who was present by invitation, made a fine address, 
followed by the Rev. E. S. Atwood, Henry C. Baldwin 
and others. Comrade C. F. Beckley exhibited a 
" hard tack " preserved since the war. 

SIXTEENTH REUNION. 

This gathering can hardly be denominated a 
" reunion " within the meaning usually attached to 
such gatherings by the veterans, and yet it was such 
in point of fact and a very enjoyable one too. The 
occasion was "Buckingham Day" at Hartford, June 
1 8th, 1884. There was a large delegation of the 15 th 
present, and headquarters were established on the 
East Park. No business, however, was transacted. 

SEVENTEENTH REUNION. 

North Haven, Conn., Aug. 25, 1884. 
North Haven for the second time extended a wel- 
come to the regiment. The attendance was less than 
usual on account of bad weather, only one hundred 
fourteen veterans being present. The business meet- 



DEFESHE OF THE UXIOX. 165 

ing was held in the forenoon in Liosley's Hall, Capt. 
Buttricks presiding, at which the old officers were 
re-elected. The matter of an accurate roster was 
brought up by Col. ToUes, and endorsed br many 
speakers. The president and secretary were in- 
structed to devise means to procure one. The treas- 
ury showed $95- 1 1 on hand. Dinner was served by 
the North Haven ladies in a large tent near the 
Congregational Church. Afterward brief speeches 
were made by CoL ToUes, Capt. E. A. Thorpe, Lieut. 
Linsley and others. The dinner was free. 

EIGHTEEXTH REUXIOX. 

Saz-tn Rock, Conn., Aug. 20, 188^. 
The veterans gathered in response to -he annua.: 
call at "The Massasoit House." The old board of 
officers was re-elected. The dinner was served at 
Twitcheirs restaurant, and about one hundred mem- 
bers sat down to it. There was no regular order 
of exercises, but during the afternoon several im- 
promptu speeches "were made. A committee was 
appointed to report up' n the adoption of an Army 
Corps badge. 

XINETEEXTH REI7XIOX. 

WalUngford, Om*^ Aug. 2j, 1SS6. 

The veterans assembled at Wallingford, it being 
the second visit to that village. They were escorted 
from the railroad depot by the Wallingford Comet 
band to " The Lake Grove Rink," an admirable place 
for a reunion. 

The business meeting was presided over by Capt. 
Burtricks, and the following officers were chosen : 

Col. Samuel Tolle?. . - President. 

Lieut. A. P. Day. Vice President. 

Capt. George M. White, . . . . Historian. 
P. C. Rand. . . . Secretary ani Treasurer. 
The Rev. D. Henry Miller. . . . Chaplain. 
Willis Benedict. -orgeon. 



1 66 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Comrade Beckley, chairman of committee on 
corps badge, reported in favor of the 9th Army 
Corps device. Capt. Geo. M. White announced the 
death of Col. D. R. Wright, and a committee was 
appointed to draft suitable resolutions, as follows : 
Col. Samuel Tolles, Capt. Geo. M. White, 

The Rev. D. Henry Miller. 

[For the resolutions, see Chap. XIV — 2d Part.] 

The dinner was furnished by the Wallingford 
veterans and was a fine affair. After it was over, 
addresses were in order. Comrade William J. Morse, 
chairman of the committee, welcomed the veterans. 
He was followed by Capt. Buttricks, Judge Hubbard, 
Rev. D. Henry Miller and others. The meeting ad- 
journed with cheers and thanks for the citizens of 
Wallingford One hundred forty-eight sat down 
to the table. Cash in treasury $45.91. 

TWENTIETH REUNION. 

JVezo Haven, Conn., Aug. 2j, iSjy. 
The 25th anniversary of the muster in of the 
regiment was celebrated in the city of New Haven. 
It was the first gathering of the veterans in 
that place. The business meeting was held in the 
Atheneum, Col. Tolles in the chair. The Columbian 
Band, of Branford, supplied the music. The first 
speaker was Col. Tolles, who referred to the days of 
1862 and the volunteering of the regiment. His ad- 
dress was received with applause. The following 
officers were then elected : 

W. S. Beecher, President. 

P. C. Rand, Vice President. 

Walter H. Lord, . Secretary and Treasurer. 

Capt. George M. White, .... Historian. 

Rev. D. Henry Miller, Chaplain. 

Adjournment was then made to Loomis' Hall, 
where an elegant dinner was served by Deibel, the 



DEFENSE OF THE UNIOX. 167 

caterer. It was provided at the expense of the Xew 
Haven boys, and was worth}- of the occasion. 

This repast concluded, literary exercises were 
next in order. Capt. Lovejoy read a paper prepared 
by Capt. White, on " Kinston." Chaplain Miller spoke 
in a happy manner. Judge Henry E. Pardee and Eli 
S. Quintard, two of the original recruiting committee, 
were present and spoke. Judge Pardee exhibited one 
of the original posters used in 1862 to induce volun- 
teers to fill up the ranks. Lieut. Julius C. Bissell was 
present from Colorado, and made an able address. 
Several letters of regret were read. Cash in treasiiry 
$44.81. 

TWENTY- FIRST REUXIOX. 

Aleriden, Conn., Aug. 2j, 188S. 
At the 20th reunion, Col. Upham very cordially 
invited his command to meet in Meriden the follow- 
ing year. About the usual number of the veterans 
attended. The business meeting was held in G. A. R. 
Hall, President Beecher in the chair. The session 
was opened with prayer by Chaplain Doolittle. The 
following officers were elected : 

George W. Stoddard, President. 

William H. Catlin, .... Vice President. 

Walter H. Lord. . Secretary and Treasurer. 

Rev. Henry G. Marshall, .... Chaplain. 

Captain George ]\L White, . . . Historian. 

Comrade vStoddard declined the nomination, and 
James A. Church was elected in his place. The 
new regimental roster book was shown, and was 
approved by all interested. A vote of thanks was ten- 
dered Col. Tolles and Capt. White for their energy 
and persistence in completing the volume. Dinner 
was laid at " The Winthrop" in Landlord Crane's best 
style, and was at the expense of the Meriden veterans. 
A corps of ladies served the viands in dainty style. 
Cash in treasury $100. 



x6S FUTEEyTH CoyyECnCVT rOLUISTEERS. 

DEATH OF LIEUT.-COL. SAMUEL TOLLES. 

Pursuant to a call issued by the president of the 
Association, a meeting^ of the veterans was held in 
Xew Haven, Januarv i6. 1SS9, to take action upon the 
death of CoL Tolles. It was voted to attend in a body. 
and that the nsnal badge of mourning be worn. The 
following comrades were appointed bearers : 

Col. C. L. Upham, Capt. George M. White 

Capt- Theodore R. Davis. Capt. M. A. Buttricts. 
The funeral service was held in the First M. E. 
Church, and the body btiried in the Grove street cem- 
etery. [The minutes of committee on resolutions, 
etc.. cannot at this date be found.] 

TWEXTV-5ECOXD REUXIOX. 

Xangatnck was chosen as the scene of this 
reunion. Co. H was largely recruited from that 
vicinity, and the boys were on hand with band and 
drum corps to welcome their comrades. Isbell Post, 
G. A. R., and the Sons of Veterans did escort duty. 

The business meeting was held in the Opera 
House. President Church in the chair. A new feature 
^was introduced by the secretarv in the announcement 
of the deaths, so far as known, in the Association 
during the past year. 

The election of officers then followed : 

Henry C. Baldwin, President. 

Solomon F. Linsley. . . . Vice President. 

Walter H. Lord, . Secretary and Treasurer. 

Capt. George M. White. .... Historian. 

Rev. Harvey E. Bums, .... Chaplain. 

The party then adjotimed to the basement of the 

Conorreg-ational Church for dinner. It was a magnifi- 

^^ man's Relief Corps assisted. 

L- -in reassembled in the Opera 

House, where the afternoon was sj)ent in reminis- 
cences and addresses. Among the speakers were the 



IfEKKSry-E OF THE ITSl&Sr. j^ 

Rev. Mr. Klackzcas. OpL T. R. Bavis, CapL M_ A. 
Bnttricts. \Jyenis. Lmsley and BiiTritt, ClianpIisiTL Manr- 

greatly to tic ^ .-ers. Ii -wz& o-rje ;c 

tie "t«e5t ga-tatrruigs- rver oejiCL C-asiii ia tres-siary. 
$75.63. 

DtATH or CAFT. THXOD'J'ai IC BATES. JAS. 12. I 
JVt 2. mf-r^T-T'niier n;f tlst" A »gga'iiir-T. a tr. irinm TaiTi!^ j^ i 

called to taie - ■ " T __ ^ tine 

followiiig ' ,::-:-_ _ , .Z—Z — ::-± l.'j> 

preTiart a - -'t the- retliZLgs oc line 
xc-gTment- 

Capt. 'j-r. r^- M- "iVt::: : ~ : ' ~^'e ~^. St€«iii2ani_ 

Peter Z --. 

It -srats further vo^ted tkit iLae iniSEal bsuige m. 
— ■-■T:mTtiiy be wora. aad tlaat tlie Ass»ociaEi<:»€i receixe 

of the veterans in artendance. Tbe bearers were 

Lietit- C. F. B - ^ _-—.--.-„- ~ --^ess. Peter 

E. Bowmin. , _ ~ - S_ Tunraer. 

Capt. \L A- Bnttncrs^ 

T"h- *■"" J "":- ' —f-r --"-'--"- v~ ft- the 

- The sncden /. - - .^v. L-avis. 

which occurred a; - -- - - - - :_ X. Y. on 

Tan. 12th, i.S«Tc._ b—nir^ pecnli^ar sadness and a sense 
of deep y- very s 

the i5ih C --.:-- Inth. _- ^~ -- - 

vice and in all stibsecnent aeqnaimtance anl ieter- 
c: - ~ ~ 

an - ^ 



lyo FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

by that peculiar charm which perfect open hearted 
frankness gives to personality, endeared himself to 
each and all of his old comrades in arms as one whose 
friendship was in itself a possession well worth pre- 
serving. Among the youngest of the officers of the 
regiment in which he served, he was yet among the 
best loved, and it would have been a happiness to all 
could he have been among the last to gather at the 
annual reunions, where the circle of survivors con- 
stantly grows less. Our most heart-felt sympathy is 
tendered his bereaved family by his surviving com- 
rades of the war." 

TWENTY-THIRD REUNION. 

Savin Hock, Conn., Ang. 2j, iSgo. 

The attractions of the shore again drew the vet- 
erans to this famous locality. The business meeting 
was presided over by President Baldwin. The fol- 
lowing board of officers was chosen : 

Solomon F. Linsley, President. 

Charles F. Bowman, .... Vice President. 
Walter H. Lord, . . vSecretary and Treasurer. 
The Rev. D. H. Miller, .... Chaplain. 
Capt. George M. White, . . . Historian. 

Dinner was laid in " Grove Palace," and was 
done full justice to by the veterans. Afterward all 
adjourned to the room above, for the customary 
speeches, etc. President Linsley introduced Capt. M. 
A. Buttricks as toast-master, who called on the Rev. 
Harvey E. Burns to respond to ''Our Dead." The 
Rev. Eugene S. Atwood spoke to the sentiment " Our 
Kickers." The Rev. D. Henry Miller eulogized the 
late Capt. Davis in fitting words. President Linsley 
gave some special recollections of " Fun in Camp." 
vSecretary Lord also read some items culled from 
the roster of the regiment. Cash in treasury 
$106.18. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 171 

TWENTV-FOURTH REUNION. 

Savin Rock, Conn., August 25, i8gi. 

A goodly attendance marked this gathering. The 
veterans assembled on the Green at the corner of 
Church and Chapel streets, going down from thence by 
horse cars. The exercises of the day were held in 
Miller's Beach Pavilion. President Linsley was in the 
chair. 

The annual election of officers resulted as follows: 

Charles D. Barnes, President. 

George L. ]\Iinor, .... Vice President. 
Walter H. Lord, . Secretary and Treasurer. 
The Rev. D. Henry Miller, . . Chaplain. 
Capt. George M. White, .... Historian. 

The matter of the next reunion received consider- 
able discussion. Capt. Buttricks, Chap. Miller, Capt. 
White, Capt. Lovejoy, President Linsley and others 
favored the selection of "Camp Chase," on Arlington 
Heights, Va., as the spot, and the time at such date in 
September during the Grand Army encampment in 
Washington, as should be most favorable. A com- 
mittee was appointed to make suitable arrangements 
to this effect. 

The '' dinner call " was now sounded and the vet- 
erans "fell in" with the old-time readiness. It was a 
good square meal. After it was finished informal 
remarks by members were made. A collection of 
$60.00 was raised for Chap. Doolittle, of Nebraska. 
A vote of thanks was tendered the Executive Com- 
mittee and the meeting adjourned. Cash in treasury 
$123.03. 

[special.] 

death of capt. george m. white. 
A special meeting of the Association to take action 
upon the death of Capt. George M. White, was held 



1-2 FIFTEEXTJI COXJi^CTJCUT rOLUXTEESS. 

:n Xew Haven. Dec. 24, 1S91. A committee was raised 
to draft resolutions expressive of the sorrow of the 

regiment. 

Waiter H. Lord, John X. Leonard, 

Capt. Frank M. Lovejoy. 

The Association also voted to attend the funeral 
of their comrade, and the following persons were 
selected as bearers : 

William S. Beecher. George W. Stoddard, 

John X. Leonard. James A. Church, 

Oscar P. Ives. Walter H. Lord. 

It was further decided to send a delegation of the 
regiment to his late home, on the morning of the 
funeraL the same to act as a guard of honor. 

The resolutions transmitted were as follows : 

Whereas. It has pleased an all-wise Providence to 
remove our loved comrade and friend, Capt. George 
M. White, from the scene of his earthly labors, and 
as we believe to install him in a higher and more 
noble sphere: therefore 

Resolved, That we bear in grateful remembrance 
his many soldierly qualities in camp and in field, his 
unselfish devotion to duty under all circumstances. 
and his patriotic love of country, which was inherited 
in his very nature, and so continued until his final 
summons. Whether as a humble citizen or holding a 
position of public trust, he was ever conspicuous in 
his J ~----- manhood and devotion to every dutv 
im-p a him. 

Resolved. That "while ^ve bow in meek submission to 
the Divine decree we also ask that the same Divine 
aid may be extended to the widow and children of 
our deceased comrade. 



DEFES^E OF THE UWIOX. 173 

Rciolved, As a token of resperct this Association in a 
body attend the ftineral ceremonies of otrr late 
comrade. 

Resclzed, That a copy of these resolntions, snitably 
engrossed be presented to the family of the deceased. 

and c' ' the same be .spread npon the records of 
this c. n. 

TWEXTy-riFTH KEVXIOX. 

Washington, D. C-, Sept. 20, iSg2. 

This reunion was held in the 2d Regt. Armory. 

9th street ^nc. Penn. Avenne. in the afternoon. The 
members of the regiment were so greatly scattered 
that it was a reunion only in name. The meeting 
was called : " ' - and it was 

voted to cor " : omcers, and 

that the next reunion be held in the vicinity of New 
Haven. Cash in - -.22. 

Many of the :he 15th took this oppor- 

tunity to re-visit Washington. Admiral Fo<»te Post. 
Xo- 17, G. A_ R.. furnished a '1 j: : :talion in the 
parade. Co. L Walter H. Lori. - had thirty- 

two men in line, all 15th veterans. Their marching 
was a wonder not only to the spectators but to them- 
selves, that after so many years men could align 
themselves with so much exactness. The next day a 
portion of the 15th visited Arlington Heights, a few 
members going as far south as Fredericksburg. Suf- 
folk, Va., and Kinston and Xew Berne. X. C. 

TWEXTT-5IXTH RETTXIOX. 

The twentv-sixth reunion was held, by invitation 
of the citizens, at Mi.: ' ^ -u.. August 25. 1S93- 
Van Horn Post, G. A R ^ ^ by the local comet 

band, did escort duty. The business meeting was held 
in the old M. E. Church, with President Barnes in the 
chair. A committee of one from each company was 



174 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEBS. 

appointed to select a board of officers and present 
their names to the meetino". This was done, and the 
following gentlemen were unanimously elected : 

William R. Mackay, President. 

Oscar P. Ives, Vice President. 

Walter H. Lord, . Secretary and Treasurer. 

Sheldon B. Thorpe, Historian. 

Charles F. Beckley, Surgeon. 

The Rev. Eugene Atwood, . . . Chaplain. 

Attention being called to the fact that the Associ- 
ation's flag was rarely carried at reunions, it was 
voted that the secretary assume its custody and here- 
after detail a comrade to bear it at future meetings. 
Lieut. Linsley invited the regiment to meet the fol- 
lowing year at North Haven, which invitation was 
accepted and a committee of arrangements appointed. 
Perhaps the most important item of business at this 
reunion was the selection of a committee to erect a 
monument at New Berne, N. C, in honor of the dead 
of the regiment buried in the National Cemetery 
there. The following comrades were chosen : 

Field and Staff, Col. Charles L. Upham. 



George H. Bryan. 
Lieut. Newell F. Bur- 

ritt. 
James A. Church. 
John B. Mix. 



Dinner was furnished by the ladies of Milford, 
free, in the Town Hall; it was elegantly laid and a 
model of its kind. Afterwards the veterans assem- 
bled in the shade near the hall, where the afternoon 
was spent in good fellowship, with brief addresses, 
miisie, etc., etc. 



Co. 




Co. 


A. 


William H. Catlin. 


G. 


B. 


Charles D. Barnes. 


H. 


C. 


Joel Griffin. 




D. 


Martin Allen. 


T. 


E. 

F. 


Charles Griswold. 
George Couch. 


K. 




Lieut. William Thompson. 



CHAPTER XIV. 

PART I. 

CORPORAL smith's BOILED TONGUE — THE " SMOKE-OUT " 

AT "red house"— bill NICHOLS' BOOTS THE BURNED 

TENT AT FAIRFAX SEMINARY BARNES' INCIDENT AT 

KINSTON GEN. CASEY's FAILURE TO PROMOTE COL. 

WRIGHT — Gideon's band — o'connor's raid — capt. 

BUTTRICk's reveries — THE CAPTAIN's LOST RATIONS 

— Stoddard's recollections — catlin's incident 

AT LONG BRIDGE — LIEUT. DAY's NARRATIVE. 

The follov^ing chapter is added by request, as 
essential to this history. The " off duty " side of a 
soldier's life has frequently for him an interest Mrhich 
a routine narrative of events cannot give. Let the 
veteran therefore light his pipe and read these frag- 
ments through the haze of its smoke, not for what 
they are in themselves, but for what they may suggest. 

CORPORAL smith's BOILED TONGUE. 

Corporal Smith, of K, purchased a beef tongue at 
considerable expense, while at Fredericksburg, and 
on a fine evening invited a few comrades to assist in 
eating it. Tt was put in a camp kettle and hung over 
the cook's fire. When nearly cooked, along comes 
Jack Johnson, of the same company (who had not been 
bidden to the feast) with a kettle precisely similar, 
and sought permission to place it over the fire to 
heat some water. Behold then the two kettles side 
by side merrily boiling and enveloped in steam. 
While Smith's attention was diverted a moment John- 
son deftly changes the kettles ; shortly he perceives 
the water is hot and thanking Smith profusely for 
the accommodation retires with his kettle to his tent. 
Ten minutes later Smith likewise seeks his quarters 
and joyously bids his chums to the supper. Tableau! 



176 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

THE "SMOKE-OUT " AT RED HOUSE. 

Sergt. Towner relates how some o£ the boys fast- 
ened the door and stopped up the chimney of his 
"shanty" one nig-ht while at Red Hotise picket 
station. Towner and his companions were thor- 
oughly "smoked" before they could get out. vSus- 
pecting Sergeants Finnigan and Smith they retaliated 
on them and it is said the two latter gentlemen were 
not dressed for company when they finally burst the 
door and gained the fresh air. Now soldiers are nat- 
urally generous and these comrades couldn't think of 
not sharing their good fortune with the rest of their 
comrades quartered in an old house near by, so they 
likewise " smoked " them nearl}^ to suffocation. O 
what a racket ! Major Osborne and the whole reserve 
turned out to see what was the matter. It was said 
some of the lacis couldn't see anything for a week 
afterward. 

BILL NICHOLS' BOOTS. 

While at Portsmouth, Va., Lieut. C, of Co. I, 
detailed Private Nichols to go to Norfolk on an 
errand. This is the way Nichols relates it: 

Lieut. — "Bill, I want you to go to Norfolk." 

Nichols — "I can't go." 

Lieut. — " What's the reason ? " 

Nichols — " Hav'nt any boots." 

Lieut. — " What's that got to do abovit it ?" 

Nichols — "There's a long stretch of water; don't 
want to get my feet wet this cold weather." 

Lieut.—" Bill, you go to Capt. Buttrick's tent ; he 
has three or four pairs ; help yourself." 

Nichols — " But what will the cap'n say ? " 

Lieut. — " Who cares what he says; Bill, go and get a 
pair of boots and go to Norfolk." 

[Two weeks later.] 

Lieut. — " Bill, where are my boots ? " 

Nichols — " Don't know anything about your boots.'" 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. j-j-j 

Lieut.—" you've got them on your feet." 

Nichols — " Not much, they are mine. 

Lieut. — " Do you think I don't know my own 
boots?" 

Nichols — "Don't you think I know mine ? " 

Lieut. ^ — " Bill if you don't pull 'em off I will tell 
the captain and have you put in the guard -house." 

[Enter Capt. B.] 

Capt. — " Bill, what's the matter with you and 
Lieut. C?" 

Lieut.— " Bill, tell it straight." 

So Nichols " told it straight " btit it was at the 
Lieut's expense ; the biter was bitten, and a pair of 
ten dollar boots was the forfeit. Nichols wore them 
out. 

THE BURNED GUARD TENT AT FAIRFAX SEMINARY. 

Who of the veterans remembers the burning of 
the Sibley tent at Fairfax Seminary ? Three suspi- 
cious looking characters in citizens' dress had been 
brought in from the front and for the want of a better 
place had been confined in a Sibley tent and a special 
guard posted. The night was bitterly cold and a fire 
was burning in the cylinder stove used in tents of 
that description. By some means a spark caught at 
the top near the iron ring and in a few minutes the 
canvas burned away, letting the heavy tent fall with 
a crash on the prisoners. The outside was staked 
down firmly and the center was on fire, with the 
prisoners rolling and howling under the canvas in 
their attempt to escape. The situation, not at all dan- 
gerous, was ludicrous in the extreme, as may be 
imagined. The writer can still see the waltzing 
figures going through antics under that tent which 
have never been paralleled since. When the cap- 
tives were finally released a more frightened trio 
never stood on the soil of Virginia. They verily be- 
lieved they were about to be burned alive by the 
" Yanks." 



178 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

AN INCIDENT OF THE BATTLE OF KINSTON. 

So soon as our right wing was broken through by 
Gen. Hoke, one of his first acts was the capture of the 
3d N. Y. Battery. The latter had just taken a new 
position under orders from Col. Upham, but had not 
opened when they swooped down upon it. Its horses 
were disabled in a moment and the men prisoners. 
Sergeant Barnes, of Co. B, who was in the act of load- 
ing his rifle, chanced to observe a rebel officer cutting 
a horse loose from one of the caissons. Barnes had 
inserted the cartridge in his musket and while 
extending his ramrod to send it home, the latter was 
struck by some flying missile and knocked from his 
hand. Turning to a comrade (Plant) he borrowed 
his ramrod, and in a second the piece was loaded. 
Plant handed him a cap and, without drawing the 
ramrod, Barnes fired at the officer as he was mount- 
ing the artillery horse ; the Confederate fell with his 
foot caught in the stirrup, and the animal, now 
thoroughly frightened, ran, dragging the unfortunate 
man over the field. That the victim was an officer 
of some high rank, Barnes always felt confident from 
his manner and his uniform, but was never able to 
learn whether he was killed or merely disabled. 

GENERAL CASEY'S FAILURE TO SECURE A BRIGADIER'S 
STAR FOR COL. WRKIHT. 

It has been a matter of much speculation why the 
Provisional Brigade formed by order of Gen. Casey, 
at Fairfax Seminary, was so unceremoniously dis- 
solved at Fredericksburg, Va., in 1862, for up to the 
hour of reaching camp at the latter city, both officers 
and men supposed that the relations existing between 
Col. Wright and the regiments he had led on that 
long, cold march through Maryland, would still con- 
tinue. It came therefore, as a great surprise when a 
change was ordered. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. j-jg 

Chance led to the new brigade formation. Gen. 
Casey had become warmly attached to Col. Wright 
and the gallant 15th C. V. He was impressed 
with the morals of the men and the efficiency and 
zeal of their officers. It was certainly the greatest 
compliment that he could have paid to the timber of 
the Lyon Regiment and to the justness of the pride 
of New Haven County in its formation, to retain it 
longer at Washington than was necessary and usual 
to retain the new regiments pouring into the National 
Capital. And further, Gen. Casey promised Col. 
Wright all his influence for the early bestowal of a 
commission as brigadier-general, and the chance that 
brought together upon the field of Fredericksburg, 
the 8th, nth, i6th and 21st Conn., and other regi- 
ments of those states from which the remaining 
regiments of the Provisional Brigade were recruited, 
was all that prevented the bestowal of the star so 
coveted by every colonel in the service and by the 
loyal boys of the 15th, for their colonel and their 
other officers who would have been upon his staff. 
For in accordance with the policy at that time of 
brigading, so far as possible, the regiments from the 
same State, the Provisional Brigade formed by Gen. 
Casey was broken up and to the surprise and disap- 
pointment of the 15th, Col. Wright found his regi- 
ment attached to one of the older and numerically 
weaker brigades, of which Gen. Harland, whose com- 
mission ranked Col. Wright's by a few months, was 
placed in command. This change proved in the end 
to have so deferred the promised promotion of Col. 
Wright that his expectations were never realized, as 
his injury sustained at Alexandria resulted in his 
turning over the command to Lieut. -Col. Tolles, and 
his furlough and resignation from the service. Thus 
the 15th lost the fame of higher rank for its com- 
mander. 



i8o FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 
Gideon's band. 

FROM RECOLLECTIONS OF REGIMENTAL SECRETARY, LORD. 

Members of Co. I will recall that comrade of theirs 
gifted with such marvelous knowledge concerning 
future movements of the regiment, and in some cases 
of the army itself. They could never understand the 
sources of his wonderful information (?) So soon as 
any camp rumor began to spread, the question would 
be asked, "Who said so?" and the reply would fol- 
low, "Sergt. Jones." That settled it! Now in addi- 
tion to this gift of foresight our sergeant possessed 
another acquisition almost as valuable, a great ear 
for vocal music. Under his guidance a number of 
genial comrades, alike charmed with the possibilities 
of the human voice, united themselves in an organi- 
zation known as "Gideon's Band." They were musi- 
cally minded — or at least they thought so — and dis- 
coursed their plaintive melodies at all times and in 
all places. Now it chanced that on one fair evening- 
while at Suffolk, they hied themselves to the com- 
missary's tent near brigade headquarters and pro- 
ceeded to make merry. A small supply of " hard tack " 
and a liberal portion of fire-water were thoughtfully 
provided to ward off any charge of inhospitality. 
Lieut. — not of the 15th — ofhcer of the guard, was 
called in and at their expense sat down to the feast. 
He partook bountifully of the wine and the drink- 
ables and, after giving a brilliant exhibition of "chm 
fireworks," left them to their revelry. It was truly 
a soulful occasion. As their lungs expanded with 
music, and their stomachs swelled under the fire- 
water treatment their energies were redoubled until 
it seemed as if the very angels must pause to listen; 
if the latter didn't. Gen. Harland did and .summoning 
the officer of the guard (their guest) unfeelingly 
ordered the chamber concert closed. Judge then the 
consternation when this minion appeared at the door 




Lieut. Heber S. Ives. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. i8i 

of the tent and in a sorrowful manner announced 
that, by order of Gen. Harland, he placed them all 
under arrest. What a cruel, cruel edict I vSome of them 
escaped or attempted to, but finally were "rounded 
up" and taken to the officers' quarters for the night's 
keeping. vSuch an ignoble ending of a concert was 
never known before. At dress parade the next after- 
noon their entertainment was referred to very touch- 
ingly in "general orders" and the non-commissioned 
officers were deprived of their " stripes," but, — owing 
to the good record of the men, the same general 
orders restored them again with the injunction to be 
more careful in future when they let themselves out. 
As for the Lieut., his scalp was anxiously sought for 
a good man}' moons, though it did not appear that 
the poor fellow was to blame. Occasionally at a 
reunion in these late days is heard the mysterious 
query, " What band ? " and the answer is solemnly re- 
turned " Gideon's ! " 

O'Connor's raid on the railroad between new berne 

AND .MOREHEAD CITY. 

The name of O'Connor, who was the most fiendish 
guerrilla the Southern Confederacy gave birth to, was 
rarely mentioned except with dread by the Union 
forces. His infernal gang continually hovered about 
our lines, sometimes mounted and sometimes not, 
shooting our pickets, capturing outposts, raiding 
weak defences and terrorizing things generally. In 
some manner he learned that Gen. Palmer, then in 
command of the Department of New Berne, was 
accustomed to go daily to Morehead City, where he 
lodged, and return by train next morning. O'Connor 
therefore planned his capture. Thus it came about 
that one morning, about 9 o'clock, as the train was 
proceeding on its way toward New Berne, having just 
passed Croatan station, the passenger car suddenly 
left the rails and plunged along the sleepers. At the 



1 82 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

same moment fire was opened from the woods and the 
rebel 3^ell was heard. The bumping of the car broke 
its coupling, and the engineer seeing the situation, 
put on steam for New Berne, leaving the car and its 
occupants to their fate. The trap had been laid with 
some cunning. During the previous night the spikes 
had been drawn from one of the rails and a stout rope 
attached to it, leading into the dense woods at the 
side where was concealed a party of O'Connor's force. 
It was the expectation of the latter to draw the rail 
aside and ditch the entire train, but by some miscal- 
culation the engine passed over the break and was 
saved. Luckily Gen. Palmer was not on the train, but 
three men of the 15th were. Corporals French and Mor- 
gan, of D, and Thallman, of I. These were quickly 
gobbled up and their captors, knowing a host would 
be at their heels when the alarm reached New Berne, 
hurried their prisoners across the Neuse river and 
back into the country. They marched all day. The 
guerrilla chief occasionally flourished his revolver 
about his victims' heads, and as he frequently shot a 
bird from a limb at a surprising long range, confiden- 
tially informed them that "the surest way to kill a 
Yank was to hold the gun near enough to his head to 
singe the hair." While they expected certain death 
they nevertheless put on a bold face, jeering and good 
naturedly blackguarding him in turn. This was un- 
doubtedly the best policy. The day came to an end and 
a bivouac was made in a dense forest of pines. The 
prisoners were not bound but they had no oppor- 
tunity to confer with each over any attempted escape. 
The night was one of the darkest North Carolina 
ever knew. The fire had died down until it gave 
little or no light. Morgan thought he saw his chance. 

Turning he said " Connor, you give me some 

tobacco." The guerrilla, struck by the boldness of 
the request was partially thrown off his guard and as 
he was about to comply, Morgan stepped aside into 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 183 

the darkness and was off in a second. How soon he 
was missed he never knew. No attempt was made to 
follow him for no one knew the direction he took. 
Fortunately he struck the road in a few minutes and 
ran for his life as he supposed toward the Neuse 
river. In this he was not disappointed. Daylight 
found him at that stream, and signaling a Union tug 
with his shirt, he was taken on board and landed at 
New Berne. His comrades were afterward paroled 
and returned to the regiment. 

CAPT. BUTTRICKS' REVERIES. 

November 10, 1893 — On this pleasant evening I 
find myself sitting in my easy chair, my thoughts 
going back to the days of 1862, when in all the pride 
and enthusiasm of young manhood I listened to what 
I still believe to have been the call of duty and 
enrolled myself among those who were to constitute 
the good, brave, and exceptionally moral regiment of 
Conn. I lent my best efforts in raising perhaps the 
best company, so far as good morals go, that com- 
posed the old 15 th C. v., for assuredly no one 
will contradict this assertion, that Co. I was noted 
for its strict integrity and stern morality; if so, I can 
point with confidence to one still living, who holds a 
responsible position in the city of New Haven, and 
say to such a doubter : go ask Bill Nichols if Co. I 
was not honest, and strictly moral. 

Was ever a lost dog, or an absent minded rooster 
traced to Co. I? Never; all traces of such property 
was sure to be lost before the search could reach that 
point. 

How well do I remember my own ignorance of 
military matters. On our arrival at Camp Chase, I was 
convinced that I did not know the difference between 
''left face "and "break files to the rear," and when 
that famous expression was made, " Augustus, bring 
my book," I am sure it voiced the unspoken thoughts 



1 84 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

of every commissioned officer of the regiment. 
There occurs to me now a little incident that hap- 
pened at Camp Chase, when two of the members of 
Co. I, who had been relieved from guard duty, on a 
certain morning, concluded that they would not per- 
form the customary act of police duty in the company 
street, and so notified the orderly sergeant, who at 
once reported the fact to the Lieut, commanding the 
company. Now Charlie Foote and Billy Hubbard, in 
the simplicity of their nature, presuming upon their 
kinship with the lieutenant, took the bold stand that 
they would not obey the tyrannical orders of the 
orderly sergeant, and so informed the commanding 
officer, and appealed to him for protection. Poor 
deluded, unsophisticated youths, they appealed in 
vain, the lieutenant gave his cousins their choice: 
police duty, or the guard house. Charlie kicked, 
Billy growled, but they submitted, and afterward 
admitted that they had learned a needed lesson. 

In conversation to-day, with one of the members 
of the old 15th, my thoughts went back to the days 
of '63 ; during that summer the regiment was 
ordered to South Mills, N. C, where we spent 
a delightful time. In October we were ordered 
out on a scouting expedition, a distance of perhaps 
forty miles, for the purpose, as was supposed, 
of intercepting a lot of guerrillas that were known to 
be somewhere in the vicinity. As a matter of course 
the object of the expedition was successfully accom- 
plished and the regiment started on its return. It 
was found necessary to go into camp somewhere on 
the road, and a place was selected near some farm 
houses. The proper guards and pickets were sta- 
tioned and Capt. Buttricks detailed as officer of the 
day. All went well until nearly morning when word 
was brought to the officer of the day that foraging on 
a large scale was going on among the poultry yards 
near the camp. Now, Capt. Buttricks commanding 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 185 

the good and moral company of the regiment, could 
not endure the thought that stealing hens and other 
innocent birds should take place %Yhile he was on 
duty. He hastened to the scene of trouble and met 
a number of members of the regiment but all 
appeared to be innocent of any participation in any 
wrong doing, and they gravely assured the captain 
that they had not seen a feather ; each man, however, 
carried something in his arms which the credulous 
captain conceived to be merely fire wood for their 
morning fire. He thought he heard voices and sur- 
mised that one voice was that of Sergt. Church, of 
Co. I. He called out, "Jim, is that you?" and heard 
the reply in the affirmative. He then inquired "Are 
there any of Co. I with you, and have you anything 
to do with this chicken raid?" Sergt. Church 
replied, "• Captain, there are a number of Co. 
I here but they are all asleep, and not a 
chicken amongst us," at the same time whispering 
in a voice loud enough to be heard all over camp, 
" Doc. Lord, you blamed chump, tie a string around 
that goose or you'll give us all away." Capt. Buttricks 
retired satisfied that it had been a false alarm and 
that his own company of honest, moral men had not 
laid dishonest hands on an}^ rebellious chickens. 
When the regiment formed the next day to return to 
camp at South Mills it was observed that beginning 
at the right and extending to the left of the regiment 
every company carried as a trophy of the night's 
operations some kind of a southern bird, not all of 
them being purely song birds, although they could 
furnish a great and varied amount of noise. Co. I 
presented about the following: Doc. Lord, one goose 
with a neck fully 30 inches long and feathers so 
ruffled as to convey the idea that it had been nearly 
strangled in the effort to preserve quiet; Sergt. 
Church, one goose and one duck, both having very 
sore throats and apparently disgusted with the wicked 



1 86 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

war, and the prowling " Yanks ; " Billy Hubbard, one 
large sized he duck that made more noise than seven- 
teen bass drums; Lieut. Roderiquez, one goose very- 
much discouraged, while the champion hen persuader, 
Bill Nichols, had both arms full of undressed fowls, 
all of which he successfully brought into camp. No 
man can say with truth that any southern fowl ever 
got away from Bill Nichols. 

Inquiries were made of Capt. Buttricks whether 
anything had been taken from the farm houses the 
night before. The captain gravely asserted that all 
was quiet and exceedingly orderly. 

Three men of Co. I, on arrival at camp were how- 
ever in trotible, they had too many fowls for imme- 
diate consumption and they dared not keep them in 
camp, for they lost confidence in the honesty of some 
of the other companies, so they went to the cabin of 
a respectable colored lady a short distance from camp 
and arranged to have her board them until called for, 
and generously paid her for the board in advance. 
In the course of two weeks they decided that a turkey 
dinner would be in order, and with appetites well 
sharpened they went for their precious property. It 
is needless to say that they found not the colored 
lady; she had gone visiting friends in Virginia. They 
found not the chickens, they were not there; they 
found not the turkey, he had disappeared; they dis- 
covered not the goose,it had also gone to parts unknown ; 
they found not the ducks, they too had departed and 
the place that did know them knew them no more. 
Were the boys mad ? Oh no, Church, Lord and Oscar 
Ives were simply grieved to think how very dishonest 
some people of the colored race could be, when fowls 
were in the question. 

Most of these men are still living and have doubt- 
less fully repented of any wrong doing they may 
have been guilty of, and are now living lives of use- 
fulness and respectability, but if I was a hen I would 
keep out of the reach of police officer Bill Nichols. B. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 187 

THE captain's LOST RATIONS. 

Guard duty was not generally a service sought 
after, yet when performed under favorable circum- 
stances it had its sunny side (in the day time), and 
was not esteemed an especial hardship. There was a 
wide difference among the captains as to what con- 
stituted the most efficient duty in this line, conse- 
quently at daily "guard mount " it came at length 
to be a matter of curiosity as to who would be 
"officer of the day." Some were inclined to be lax, 
others were easy with the guard 3^et held it well in 
hand, while a third number were disposed to exact 
the full " pound of flesh " on every occasion. 

Among the latter was one, a severe martinet, who 
despite his rigor, did not appear to have a better dis- 
ciplined company than man}- a brother officer per- 
haps more liberal. Be that as it may, the occasion in 
mind occurred on one of the many raids made from 

New Berne in 1864. Captain was made " Officer 

of the day " when the expedition was on its second 
morning out. Strict orders (as usual) had been 
issued against foraging, but as the march was not 
resumed early and no one (not even Sergt. Jones) 
could tell when it would be, the boys became a bit 
restless because it was rumored that just outside 
camp an old farmer lived who had poultry and other 
"fixins" for sale. The temptation was too strong 
and some of the more venturesome of the lads man- 
aged to get the wrong side of the lines just to 
"stretch themselves" as was wont to be said. 
The opportunity was not wasted and on their 
return they had managed to accumulate a big stock 
of provisions. Now instructions to all guards 
require equal caution to be observed in permitting 
entrance into camp as well as departure from it, and 
if such a thing could be, to be more vigilant in 
respect to the former than the latter, hence it calls for 



1 88 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

considerable strategy by the would-be " runner " to 
get safely in. Thus our heroes approached a point 
in the lines where they regarded it safe to come 
through. It was a motley procession. Hanging 
about their necks, and clinging to them in various 
places, were chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys gar- 
nished with eggs, bacon, vegetables, etc., etc. 
Unluckily the aforesaid " officer of the day " was 
making an unexpected round and observed through 
the bushes the approach of the foragers. They were 
arrested at once and with their plunder were marched 
up and down the camp as a warning to all would-be 
offenders. It was in vain that the victims declared 
they had bought (?) the supplies. Justice would not 
be satisfied with the plea, particularly as there had 
not been a pay-day in months, and when parade was 
ended all were required to deposit their spoils at the 
officer's quarters. 

It was a royal collection of eatables — and as the 
goods could not well be returned, and as it would be 
extremely demoralizing for the rank and file to con- 
sume them, our captain conceived the brilliant 
policy of asking his brother officers to breakfast next 
morning, and the invitations were accordingly sent 
out. During the night some graceless wretch or 
wretches noiselessly "drew" these rations from 
their repository and " issued " them to their comrades 
without an order. What was the captain's wrath 
next morning when the raid was discovered ? Did 
he not array himself in his best sword and stride up 
and down the company streets? Every cook was 
busy; the delightful odors of ham, pork, chicken, 
eggs, beef, all cooking, met him on every hand, but 
alas, his own ''cupboard was bare." To cap the cli- 
max he found the "field stafE and line" all waiting 
for his return. The lesson was a salutary one. He 
was obliged to dismiss his guests without any bene- 
diction. A little later however, a generous meal was 



DEFENSE OF THE UXIOX. 189 

sent him of the confiscated materials, and thereafter 
the boys had no more trouble when he was officer of 
the day. 

COL. TOLLES AXD CAPTS. WHITE AND BUTTRICKS GO FISH- 
ING IX LAKE DRUMMOXD. 

FROM RECOLLECTIONS OF GEORGE W. STODDARD, CO. B. 

This incident happened while a part of the regi- 
ment was on duty patrolling the Dismal Swamp 
canal. Col. Tolles was in command of the detach- 
ment. The time hung rather heavy on the officers" 
hands and various ways were devised to give it inter- 
est. Among other schemes, Capt. "White figured it 
out one day that there must be good fishing in Lake 
Drummond. It was a happy thought. In the fullness 
of his heart he invited Col. Tolles and Capt. Buttricks 
to accompany him and to score an unquestioned suc- 
cess Bill Xichols was put in charge of it. Xever 
was a better selection made. '' Bill " procured the 
boat, the fishing tackle, the lunch, and a canteen of 
" snake-bite cure " (for water snakes), and now see 
them gaily getting away in the early morning, the 
breeze gently fanning their whiskers and their noble 
craft bounding forward for the fishing grounds under 
Master Xichols' guidance. 

In due season the juniper colored waters of Lake 
Drummond were reached and the anchor was let go 
with a plunge where Xichols had seen the ripples 
made by the bull-heads waiting to bite. But alas for 
the fishermen noon came and went and not a solitary 
nibble had they felt, except at the canteen. The sun 
was hot. the breeze had gone and so were the bull- 
heads. Col. Tolles gave up in disgust, and in spite of 
Sailing Master Xichols' assertion that tc/un the tide 
turned the fish would bite, took oflF his big military 
boots and under the soothing influence of a " lemon- 
ade " stretched himself out for a nap. Time passed; 



I90 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICFT VOLUNTEERS. 

Capt. Buttricks fished; Capt. White looked for snakes; 
Col. Tolles snored, and— Bill softly sung: 

" They made her a grave too cold and damp, 
For a heart so warm and true; 
And she's gone to the lake of the Dismal Swamp, 

Where all night long by her fire-fly lamp, 
She paddles her light canoe. 

" And oft from the Indian hunter's camp. 

This lover and maid so true; 
Are seen at the hour of midnight damp. 

To cross the lake by their fire-fly lamp, 
And to paddle their light canoe. 

Not a fish put in an appearance, not even to hear 
Nichols sing. Something had to be done. Very 
quietly Nichols fastened one of the Colonel's heavy 
boots to the latter's line and dropping it over the side 
allowed it to gently meander to the bottom. When it 
exhausted the line it brought up with a jerk sufficient 
to waken the Colonel, who had kept valiant hold of 
his fish pole. Here was a bite sure, and a strong 
one. The tide had turned. Carefully the Colonel 
played with his prize lest it should break away, but 
finally with the assistance of his gallant brother 
officers it was brought to the surface and landed 
in the boat. 

[Note — It is not thought best to edit the remarks 
the colonel made on that occasion]. 

At this stage it was deemed advisable to return to 
camp. The extraordinary demands made on the 
steward's supplies to celebrate the big catch entirely 
consumed an important portion of them and rather 
than run any risks of exposure great haste was made 
for land. That night the joyful event was further 
commemorated and the gallant colonel reigned the 
hero of the hour, as the only man who ever caught 
anything at all out of the "confounded old lake." 




Lieut Augustus P. Day. 



BEFESSE OF THE rSJOX. 191 

AX IXCIDEXT AT LOXG BRTDGE. 
BY W. H. CATIXS, C». A. 

On one occasion, in the fall of '62, the detach~eiit 
posted at the Washington end of Long Bridge was in 
command of Lieut. French as oScer of the guard. 
Orders were very strict as to the passage of persons 
and property into Virginia, and unless the clearest 
evidence could be produced of right of way further 
advance was denied. Along came one dav an old 
individual whose papers were satisfactory, but who 
had no permit for a barrel of cider in his vehicle. 
Lieut. French required he should deposit the " liquid 
refreshment "' in the guard house and return to head- 
quarters for the proper pass. The odor of the apple 
juice proved a sore temptation to the " relief " loung- 
ing thereabouts, and it was sampled so liberally that 
the contents entirely disappeared. Lieut. French 
happening in a little later, "sensed" the situation 
and not to be outdone ordered his men to fill the bar- 
rel with " good Potomac water." which had no sooner 
been done and the bung driven home, than the 
owner appeared armed with the proper credentials. 
The bovs verv kindly loaded the barrel on his wagon 
for him and he went on his way rejoicing. 

KARRATm: OF PRISOX LIFE. 
5Y UEtT. A. p. DAT, CO. B. 

I was in the 15th Conn. Vols, from its formation in 
Xew Haven in 1S62, having with Capt, Theodore 
Davis and Lieut. Barnes, raised a company under the 
name of the :rd Company Xew Haven Grays, which 
was mustered in the regiment as Co. B, of which I 
was elected second lieutenant. I remained with the 
regiment until after the siege of Suffolk, Virginia, 
when I was detached on conscript duty at Xew 
Haven, returning to my command while it was in 
camp at Portsmouth. Va.. from which place the regi- 



1 9 2 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

ment took steamer to Morehead City, N. C. I was 
then promoted to First Lieutenant of Co. A, Oct. 
30, 1863, and appointed Act. Asst. Adjt. General on 
the staff of Col. Beach, commanding the Conn. Bri- 
gade, and went with that officer and the i6th Conn, 
to Plymouth, N. C. 

The town was captured April 20, 1864, after a 
seige of three days, by Confederate troops under the 
command of Gen. Hoke, assisted by the ram Alber- 
marle, and I found myself for the first time under 
the " Stars and Bars." We were transported up the 
Roanoke River to Halifax, N. C, from there by cars 
to Libby prison. I shall never forget my first 
impressions of that place. After being searched by 
the notorious "Dick" Turner, we ascended a flight of 
broad stairs at the head of which was a crowd of 
what looked and acted like demons. Men with scant 
clothing and faces blanched from a year's confine- 
ment, were shouting at the top of their lungs " Fresh 
fish." We did not understand what w^as meant by 
this term until later when we found that all new 
prisoners were called by that name. 

In the rooms at the top of the stairs we found 
some seven hundred officers, many of whom had been 
confined there for a long time; we were questioned 
where we came from and asked the latest news from 
the outside world. 

Most of us found some one we knew in the prison. 
I was taken in by a brother * of Dr. Cowles, of the 
15th Regiment, who initiated me in the customs of 
prison life. I was in Libby from April 26 to May 6. 
Libby as a place of residence was not so bad as many 
I was in afterwards, for here we were sheltered. The 
rations were very scant but many of the prisoners 
had received boxes from home containing provisions 
and were able to divide their prison rations with 
those who were not so fortunate. From Libby we 

♦Lieut. Henry F. Cowles. i8th Conn. Captured at the battle of Winchester, Va 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 193 

were sent to Danville, Va., where we were confined in 
a large tobacco warehouse. After a few days' stay 
there we were ordered to take cars for Macon, Ga. 
This was a disagreeable trip of six days in box cars 
which had been used for conveying cattle and had 
not been cleaned before we occupied them. Here we 
ate and slept, sixty-four men in a car; no room to lie 
down and we had to sit or stand all the way. We 
were much relieved when we arrived at Macon, and 
were placed in the prison pen, formerly used as the 
fair grounds. We had no shelter here for two v\'eeks. 
After that a small supply of boards was furnished. 
The boys here amused themselves by tunneling. 
They had to go thirty feet under the dead line to get 
outside the fence. None were successful, for it could 
only be done on dark and stormy nights, as the dirt 
had to be dumped into the creek that ran through 
part of the grounds. Our rations here were a pint and 
a half of corn meal and a half a pint of sorghum 
molasses a day, and a scant ration of wood to cook it 
with. The corn meal was composed of the cob and 
corn ground together, and before we ate it we sifted 
it through tin plates punched full of holes. We 
were hungry all the time on that fare. A few times 
maggoty bacon was furnished, but that was a great 
luxury. 

Our next move was to Savannah, Ga., where we 
were placed in the U. S. hospital grounds and fur- 
nished tents. We had no complaints to make as to 
rations or treatment. Here we were guarded by the 
First Ga. Vet. Regt., which had taken part in battles 
at the North and had been sent home to recruit. At 
all the other prisons we were guarded by the Home 
Guard, composed of boys and old men. I have often 
been impressed by the remark of Gen. Grant, that 
the "Rebs robbed the cradle and the grave to increase 
their army," which was confirmed by an incident that 
came under my observation. At one of the prisons a 

13 



194 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

boy on guard had a pair of home-made mittens that 
I was anxious to have. I offered to trade a jack- 
knife for them; he was anxious to have the knife, but 
said he would have to ask his grandfather, who was 
on guard at another post. I did not get the mittens. 

We stayed in Savannah from July 29th to Sept. 13, 
1864, when we were ordered to move to Charleston, S. 
C, to be placed under fire of the Union battery which 
was then shelling that city. This was the worst place 
I was in. We were confined in the jail yard, between 
high brick buildings; when it rained the yard over- 
flowed with filthy water, then came down the scorch- 
ing sun; besides that, only half rations were issued, 
and many of the officers were taken sick. 

Afterward we were moved into the work-house, 
where the quarters were more comfortable, but very 
much crowded. We enjoyed hearing the shell from 
the Union guns coming over us, and bursting in the 
city. None of them came near enough to do us any 
harm, and they relieved the inonotony of our confine- 
ment. They were fired about every half hour. In 
retaliation to the rebs for putting us under fire our 
Government sent an equal number of rebel prisoners 
and put them on Morris Island, ander fire from the 
rebel batteries. This did not suit them, and so strong 
a remonstrance was made to the Confederate govern- 
ment that they agreed to send us from Charleston if 
their men were removed from Morris Island. 
Another reason for desiring our removal was that it 
was very unhealthy in Charleston, many of the men 
who were guarding us took the yellow fever and 
some were killed by our shells. We were then sent 
to Columbia, S. C, and camped in a piece of woods 
about two miles from the city, where we were able to 
get tools. We built huts of logs. If it rained we put 
our blankets on the roof to keep lis dry. 

As this was a large camp with no fence, the 
guard could not keep the prisoners from escaping, 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. i^^ 

and a pack of bloodhounds were used to track the pris- 
oners who attempted to escape. One officer who tried 
to escape was so badly mangled by the hounds that 
he died. Two of the hounds came into the camp early 
one morning-, but they never went out alive. An 
unfortunate old boar, with projecting tusks, came into 
the camp one day; about three hundred officers were 
after him, captured him, and in less time than I can 
take to tell it, he was distributed among those who 
were fortunate enough to be near. I have been told 
by those who sampled it, that it was so tough they 
could not eat it, and the only flavor it had was garlic. 
There was much dissatisfaction with our govern- 
ment, among the prisoners, because we were not 
exchanged. Exchange was something that Avas always 
looked for when we moved but never seemed to 
come. Yet these men confined and suffering were 
loyal, notwithstanding the many hard things said and 
the complaints made. A vote for president taken 
Oct. 17, 1864, shows how loyal they were when we 
consider that President Lincoln had for his oppo- 
nent Gen. McClellan, who was the idol of the men in 
the army. When the vote was counted it stood 1,024 
for Lincoln and 143 for McClellan. 

Nov. 24 of that year was Thanksgiving day. 
There were four New England boys in our mess and 
we had planned ahead to have a Thanksgiving 
dinner, no matter how hungry we might be after- 
ward. I was fortunate enough to receive a box from 
home containing some mince pies, pickles, preserves, 
etc. Another of the mess had procured some money 
through friends in the South. We bought a turkey 
for $30.00 Confederate money, about two weeks 
before Thanksgiving day. We divided our rations of 
corn meal to feed the bird, for he was not very fat 
when we bought him. We gave him all he could eat. 
We coaxed him to eat and we watched him day by 
day to see him grow. We never left him alone; tied 



196 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

to a stake during- the day a guard was over him, at 
night he roosted inside our hut. 

The day before Thanksgiving we built a chimney 
of mud and sticks inside the hut, gathered hickory 
wood and made a good fire in the fireplace. After 
the bird had been prepared a stick was run through 
it and it was supported over the fire by crotch ed 
sticks. We took turns all night turning and basting. 
Never shall I forget that dinner. We all pronounced 
it the best we ever sat down to. For my part I never 
enjoyed one more than that. 

While in the camp one of the prisoners was shot 
and killed by a guard for no cause whatever, as he 
was not near the dead line and thirty feet from the 
guard. On Dec. 12, 1864, we moved into the city of 
Columbia and were confined in the insane asylum 
yard. Here we spent the coldest of the winter 
months with but little shelter and less fuel, suffering 
much from the cold and exposure. From Columbia 
we were driven out by the advance of Gen. Sherman, 
who occupied the city a few days after we left. On 
our way North, near Winsborough, N. C, we ran over 
a number of cattle, throwing the engine off the track. 
The rebs allowed us to have the cattle that were 
killed and we soon had them cut up and divided 
among us. It was the first ration of fresh meat 
issued us since leaving Savannah five months before. 
As there was no way of getting the locomotive on the 
track they built a track around it which took about 
three days. Behind our train were a number of 
trains filled with people who had fled from Columbia 
in fear of Sherman's army. They passed us on foot, 
having been obliged to leave their cars, and we 
encouraged them all we could by singing Union 
songs and reminding them that Sherman was just 
behind them and that it would be well for them to 
hurry up. After repairs were made we continued on 
our journey, stopping for a few days at Raleigh, N. C. 



DEFENSE OF TEE UNION. 



197 



Here we saw seventeen hundred prisoners, who had 
been brought from Andersonville to be exchanged. 
Their condition was terrible beyond all description, 
though these men were called the "well prisoners." 
Many seemed to have lost their reason and some from 
sheer exhaustion and feebleness were obliged to crawl 
on their hands and knees over the frozen ground from 
the train to the camp. 

It was the intention to take us to Wilmington, 
N. C, for exchange, but while we were on our way 
Gen. Terry, with a military and naval force captured 
that place and delayed the exchange. However the 
time came at last for our release, and on Feb. 28, 1865, 
a few miles outside of the city we entered the Union 
lines and beheld the Stars and Stripes for the first 
time in nearly a year. To describe that scene would 
be impossible. Men laughed, cried, sang, danced and 
hugged each other for joy. 

After a short stay at Wilmington we took trans- 
ports for Annapolis, from there were allowed to go 
home for a short time. I received a leave of absence 
for two weeks to go to Danville, Va., to recover the 
body of Maj. Osborne, who died there while a pris- 
oner. I returned to New Haven with his remains. I 
then rejoined my regiment at Kinston, N. C. 



Note— At the capture of Lieut. Day, at Plymouth, as stated, 
he surrendered his sword to Col. E. S. Badger, of Raleigh, N. C. 
In 1883 he learned that the trophy was still in existence and in the 
Badger family. Measures were taken to secure its return, which 
were successful, and with true Southern chivalry a brother of 
Colonel Badger put the weapon in complete order and restored it 
to him. 



PART II. 

CAMP BLINDNESS NARRATIVE OF CAPT. EDWIN A. THORPE 

grant's interview of a 15TH MAN AN INCIDENT 

OF THE HON. JAMES GALLAGHER THE DRUMMER'S 

MISHAP THE WOUNDING OF MAJOR OSBORNE FLIGHT 

AND RECAPTURE OF CAPT. WHITE AND LIEUT. LINSLEY 
— RECOVERY OF THE SWORD OF CAPT. DAVIS CHAP- 
LAIN DOOLITTLE's CHRISTMAS GIFT SURRENDER OF 

THE REGIMENTAL COLOR AT KINSTON THE CENTRAL 

VIRGINIA MEAT MARKET — CONCERNING " THE BLACK- 
BERRY RAID." 

CAMP BLINDNESS. 

Among the man}^ diseases treated in the array 
there was one not alluded to in any of the medical 
journals that the writer is aware of. This surprising- 
ailment was quite prevalent at times. It affected 
Union and Confederate soldiers alike; and what was 
certainly singular, was confined inainly to the rank 
and file, though now and then an officer was affected, 
but such cases were rare. It more frequently at- 
tacked its victims while on guard. There w^as always 
warning of its approach, but this alarm was instantly 
succeeded by such an extraordinary indisposition to 
do anything, that before the patient was aware the 
full symptoms were upon him. The malady, while it 
lasted, was highly acute. It took the form of blind- 
ness, " Camp blindness," it possibly might be termed- 
Its duration was but tnomentary, however. When the 
attack was past, no harmful results were discovered, 
and there appeared no weakening of any of the facul- 
ties, unless in the matter of conscience. A few held 
that the latter organ suffered a severe strain, which 
appeared to some quite probable. It never showed 
itself in the face of the enemy, but rather in settled 
camps, in bivouacs, on raids, etc., etc. To illustrate: 




Lieut. John H. Hall. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 199 

a sentinel is on his post. He is alive to the respon- 
sibility of the position. Every faculty is quickened, 
and he thinks only of the security of his comrades. 
He grasps his rifle sturdily, and steps off upon his 
beat imperious and strong-. Suddenly he pauses, 
seems dazed, turns abruptly in his tracks may be, 
apparently loses control of himself, stands irresolute 
or moves unconsciously. All this takes place within 
a brief space, say a minute or less; but during its 
continuance his comrades, who may have uninten- 
tionally wandered outside the lines, seize upon his 
helplessness and the opportunity to come into camp 
with whatever they may have picked up on the out- 
side. It was a singular disease ! 

NARRATIVE OF CAPT. EDWIN A. THORPE, CO. K, 29TH CONN. 

VOLS, (colored). 

I enlisted in Co. E, 15th Conn., in 1862, and was 
appointed corporal, in which capacity I served until 
late in Nov., 1863. At that time I received notifica- 
tion from Maj.-Gen. W. H. Russell, of New Haven 
(of whose institute I was a graduate), that he would 
secure for me, through Gov. Buckingham, a lieuten- 
ant's commission in some one of the colored regi- 
ments then forming, provided I could pass the neces- 
sary examination at Washington. I at once applied 
for a furlough, stating my wishes, and was the first 
enlisted man of the 15th Conn, to receive one for 
such a reason. 

The examination followed in due time, and I was 
graded as captain, and assigned to the i8th U. vS. 
Colored Troops. Later, through the intervention of 
Gov. Buckingham, I was transferred to the 29th Conn. 
Vols., and had it not been for delay in receiving my 
commission, should have ranked as senior captain in 
that regiment. While in camp the regiment was re- 
viewed by Maj.-Gen. Burnside, who asked that it be 
sent to the 9th Corps at Annapolis, Md., of which the 



200 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Third Division was to be composed of colored troops. 
His request was granted, and the regiment proceeded 
by the steatnship Warrior to Annapolis, April 2d. 
As it was the first of the colored troops to arrive, it 
excited great curiosity ; but in company with two 
other regiments of colored troops it was shortly after 
sent to South Carolina to relieve part of the loth 
Corps, arriving at Beaufort about April 26th. The 
regiment's stay there ended August 8th, the time 
being taken up with drilling, especially in marks- 
manship and picket duty. During part of the time I 
was in command of a detached line of pickets, oc- 
cupying several of those islands lately swept by the 
storm with so great loss of life. 

The regiment landed at Bermuda Hundred August 
13th, and the next day was held in reserve in the 
action at Deep Bottom. We were engaged in various 
movements till the 26th, when we furnished the first 
picket line of colored troops under my command, in 
front of Gen. Butler's headquarters. The next day 
we went into the trenches in front of Petersburg, 
remaining constantly under fire till vSeptember 25th, 
when we were relieved to prepare for a secret move- 
ment. September 25th, as part of the loth Corps, the 
regiment marched all night to the north side of the 
James, crossing at Deep Bottom, and took part in the 
action of September 29th at vSpring Hill and Chapin's 
Farm. About the middle of the afternoon, while the 
reg't was in reserve, I was wounded and taken to the 
field hospital, and thence to the officers' hospital at 
Hampton. Still later, after a brief leave of absence 
to visit Connecticut I returned to Annapolis and 
remained until able to rejoin my regiment in front of 
Richmond, February 7, 1865. We remained in winter 
quarters there until April 3d, 1865. On that morning 
we were roused long before daylight by the explo- 
sions and fires of the Confederates destroying their 
works and gunboats, and burning the city of Rich- 
mond. As soon as daylight gave a safe passage, the 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 201 

regiment passed the torpedoes in front of the rebel 
forts and started for Richmond, toward which Co.'s 
C and G had skirmished from the picket line, 
where they had obtained from two deserters the first 
information of the evacuation of the city. It was a 
race as to which should be the first regiment in the 
rebel capital. By forced marching we were able to 
enter the city, preceded only by the 2d Battalion of 
Mass. cavalry attached to Gen. Weitzel's headquarters. 
The triumph of the hour eclipsed even the terrific 
grandeur of the burning city, for we knew the war 
was almost ended. 

April 14th the regiment marched for Petersburg, 
arriving next da}^ just in time to learn of the death 
of the martyred President. In a few days it was sent 
to Point Lookout to assist in guarding the great 
prison camp there. From there, in the latter part of 
May, it returned to City Point to prepare for the 
expedition to Texas under Gen. vSheridan. 

The regiment sailed on the steamer Blackstone 
for Texas June nth. After spending a few days at 
Fort St. Philip, it finally reached Brazos De Santiago 
July 2d, and the next day started for Brownsville, 
passing over the old battle field of Resaca de la Palma. 
It remained at Brownsville till mustered out October 
24, 1865. 

I have none but words of commendation for the 
men of this regiment. They were tractable and 
brave, eager to excel in all the qualities of a soldier, 
so much so as to win the credit for the brigade of 
which they were a part, of presenting the most 
soldierly appearance of any brigade in either the 
Army of the Potomac or the Army of the James. 

GEN. GRANT INTERVIEWS A 15TH MAN. 
BY CHAS. D. BARNES OF CO. B. 

It was at Fortress Monroe that I first saw Gen. 
Grant. I had been sent down from Portsmouth with 



20 2 FIFTEEXTR COXXECTICUT VOLUyTEEES. 

a small squad of prisoners taken on one of the raids, 
I think on the Blackwater, and after delivering them 
to the provost guard at the fortress, marched down 
again to the dock to wait for the return boat. Our 
squad stacked arms and lounged about the wharf 
amusing themselves as the boys always would under 
the watchful eye of a guard who was pacing his beat. 
Several bales of hay were scattered about on the 
wharf and I sat down upon one of them. Soon after, 
a short, thick set man sauntered down the wharf, 
without any sign of rank visible, except that his 
clothes were rather better than we in the ranks were 
in the habit of wearing. I took him to be an enlisted 
man on detached service in the Quartermaster's 
department. He sat down on a neighboring bale and 
lit his cigar, when up walks the guard and says, " Xo 
smoking on this dock, sir." "Well, I guess that's 
right, it is rather dangerous," remarked my neighbor, 
still sitting on his bale of hay. I do not remember 
whether I addressed him first or he me, but he 
inquired where I was from, my regiment, etc., where 
stationed, etc. I told him I was down from Ports- 
mouth with a few " Johnnies " that had been captured. 
He inquired who was in command in that section; 
asked who and what troops were there and whether 
the boys appeared to be in good spirits, etc., also 
inquired about our rations and finally, as a tug-boat 
rounded the point, remarked, "there comes my boat," 
and bidding me "good day," walked aft into the 
cabin. I noticed a peculiar (to me) flag at the stern 
of the boat and asked a guard who it was that went 
on board; his answer was, "General Grant." The 
guard on the dock did not seem to know him, nor was 
he attended by any one from the fortress. I had not 
the slightest idea that he was an officer, or at least a 
commissioned officer; from his unassuming manner I 
took him to be an ordinary soldier on detached ser- 
vice. Wh2ther his staff were on board the tug I do 



DEFENSE OF THE VNIOX. ,03 

not know, but certainly none were with him on the 
dock and none showed themselves on the boat. 
What other comm-ander was ever so nhassnming- ? 

AX IXCIDEXT OF THE MUSIC HALL PUBLIC MEETIXG, 
JULY, 1S62. 

One incident connected with the great Music HaU 
meeting, held in Xew Haven, in July. 1S62. should not 
go unnoticed, not only on account of the prominence 
of the speaker, but because it reflected the sentiments 
of so many of the "War Democrats " of that time. 

Among those who were to address that meeting, 
was the Hon. James Gallagher. When it came his 
turn to speak, he advanced to the foot-lights, throwing 
off his coat as he did so, and drawing from his pocket 
a well-filled wallet, thrust it on the table with a loud 
bang, saying as he only could : '' Citizens, this regi- 
ment must be in the field inside of thirty days if it 
takes my last dollar." 

The applause that followed was beyond all expres- 
sion. When the 15th Conn, was finally placed in the 
field, it had no warmer friend and supporter than 
James Gallagher. 

THE drummer's MISHAP. 
BY SERGT. W. R. MACKAY. 

That armv is said to be the most effective which 
most implicitly obeys orders. 

•• Theirs not to make reply. 
Theirs but to do and die." 

is commended as the only creed the man-at-arms, 
should know; hence the never ceasing drill of the 
soldier to bring him to the desired subjection. With- 
out pausing to discuss whether brains or machines 
achieve the best results in war, all admit that without 
severe discipline, modem armies would be inefficient 
enough. The habit of automatic obedience can only 
be secured bv long and careful training in what many 



204 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOIUNTEERS. 

would consider the non-essentials. The commendable 
discipline and steadiness of the 15th, was not acquired 
in a day; it began with small squads at Camp Chase 
and ended with those statuesque dress parades and 
guard mounts at Xew Berne. 

These parades were the pride of the regiment. 
Any regular array officer might have been envious of 
them. They were the embodiment of what discipline 
could accomplish, and both officers and men scarcely 
dared breathe while they were in progress. There 
was one occasion however, when the gravity of the 
warriors was most sorely tried, indeed they utterly 
failed to keep it, and broke out into one prolonged 
howl of delight. 

The incident happened at a brigade guard mount. 
Adjutant Rand had his men in superb array. Every 
movement was timed to perfection and every soldier 
moved like a machine. When the evolutions reached 
that point where the band parades, that windy body 
struck out as a hundred times before, while the lines 
stood absolutely motionless. On the return, the time 
is usually quickened; in this instance, the musicians 
had reached about midway the force, every man blow- 
ing his best, with Bush the big bass drum man bring- 
ing up the rear, twirling such gyrations of his drum- 
sticks as he only could flourish. It was an imposing 
spectacle. Capt. White's bosom (officer of the day) 
swelled with emotion, and Adjutant Rand vowed 
there was never anything like it before. Suddenly 
an innocent tent pin rose up out of the ground, 
directly in front of the big drum; Bush caught his toe 
on it; alas, alas! up went the drumsticks in the air, 
and down went the musician on top of his drum; the 
momentum of the pace carried both along, the drum 
rolling forward, and he prone on his stomach was 
riding it, his arms and legs flying in all directions in 
frantic efforts to stop. Well, it was a sight. 
Nothing like it had ever been seen before. Words 



DEFEJS^SE OF THE UXIOX. ,05 

cannot picture the utter ludicrousness of the scene: 
self-control was impossible, and such a mightv burst 
of laughter as went up from the throats of the boys 
in the ranks, was never heard before or since, in all 
North Carolina. 

THE WOUXDIXG OF MAJOR OSBORXE, AT THE BATTLE 
OF KIXSTOX, 1865. 

Major Osborne— says George W. Stoddard, of Co. 
B, was sitting in front of his tent, in the rear of the 
2d Battalion, when Gen. Hoke's forces came up 
on our flank. He arose at the alarm and was in the 
act of buckling on his sword as the first volley was 
discharged, and was woimded at that fire. Stoddard 
with three comrades, placed him in a blanket and 
started across the field, in the direction of our skir- 
mish line. The major was heav}' and they were 
forced by his weight and his wound to move slowly. 
Before going far, the rebel horde was upon them, and 
of a squad of a dozen or more who surrounded them, 
one bolder than the others commenced rifling the 
major's pockets, taking therefrom a handsome gold 
watch. Capt. Davis who had just come up, seized the 
thief and turning to a Confederate officer near said, 
'* Captain, do you allow your men to rob a dying officer 
— Major Osborne of the 15th Conn? " *' Not if I know 
it," replied the officer; but for all that the watch was 
not recovered, though the thief was sent under guard 
within the Confederate lines across Southwest Creek. 
The bearers with their precious burden, were ordered 
across the bridge at the mill, where they left the 
wounded major in charge of the Confederate surgeons. 

Stoddard was less fortunate in preserving his 
"personal eft'ects." Up came a dirty "gray-back" 
armed onlv with a canteen and a shovel, and bringing 
a Xo. 1 1 hand down on the tall private's head with a 
whack, said ''Yank, I want that hat." at the same time 
appropriating Stoddard's hat. a fine soft one, his wife 



2o6 FIFTEEXTH COXNECTICUT VOL UXTEERS. 

had recently sent him. "Now," said the Johnnie, 
" give me that waist-belt " whipping out a big knife 
as he spoke and cutting it from his prisoner. The 
15th Conn, man began to be concerned lest the next 
demand would be for the clothes he wore, but that 
was averted. "Johnnie" says Stoddard: ''What are 
vou doing with that shovel in the place of arms; 
Avhere's your gun?" "Yank, I am a pit-sinker for a 
sharpshooter to pick off you-uns," was the reply, and 
then Stoddard thoughtfully accompanied him to 
Kinston. 

THE STORY OF THE FLIGHT AND RE-CAPTURE OF CAPT. 
WHITE AND LIEUT. LINSLEV, IN MARCH, 1865. 

BY CAPT. GEORGE M. WHITE. 

[The reader has obser\'ed. reference is made to this incident in 
Chapter XL Since that time, the following paper has been 
found, and we hasten even at the risk of repetition to give it 

entire.] 

Through a mistake of the major-general in com- 
mand of the troops near Xew Berne, X. C, the 15 th 
Conn, and the 27th Mass. were placed in a position 
where 15,000 Confederates surrounded and captured 
them. The prisoners were started on foot for Rich- 
mond in charge of a force of the Veteran Reserve of 
the Confederate army. One night, soon after the long 
march was begun, Capt. White escaped, accompanied 
by Lieut. vSolomon F. Linsley of Co. K, 15th Regi- 
ment. At the Staunton river they found a boat which, 
after using it to carry them to the opposite shore, they 
set adrift. They soon found that they had landed on 
an island, and had crossed less than half of the river. 
They made a raft of rails, tied together with grape- 
vines, and had nearly reached the main-land, when the 
raft went to pieces and they were obliged to swim. 
They subsequently found that they must again cross 
the river. From this point the story is here given in 
Capt. White's own words. 



DEFENSE OF THE UXIOX. 207 

We found a colored man. past the prime of life, 
-who for twenty dollars agreed to bring us a good sup- 
ply of broiled chicken and com bread soon after dark 
and then pilot us to a ferry where we could get across 
the river on the sly, before daylight the next morning. 
By this time I was pretty nearly used up, but Lieut. 
Linsle}' seemed constantly getting his second wind. 
Whenever I was on the verge of despondencv or dis- 
gTist, or in other words, whenever I began to swear, 
Linsley would come up smiling with some new idea. 
So now when the colored brother with our twenty 
dollars failed to come to our hiding place on time, 
Linsley insisted on going in search of him, and when 
he started I knew he would find him, as he did. He 
came back with the darkey and the chicken and the 
corn bread, and with the news that the ferrv had 
been temporarily interrupted in its operations, but 
would be funning again by eleven o'clock that night. 

Our arrangements were soon made, and eleven 
o'clock found us at the appointed rendezvous in con- 
ference with the old colored man, who for thirty years 
had run that particular ferry. He told us that he had 
thirteen deserters from Lee's army, who with their 
arms and equipments complete, were waiting to go 
across with him that night, and he was afraid the}* 
would be suspicious of us as not being of " their kind 
of chaps." We finally induced him to lead us to them, 
and after an hour's conference we convinced them 
that we were "honest Yankee's" and got them to con- 
sent that we might go over with them. They were 
a rough and very determined looking set of men. 
They were a portion of a 'tidal wave' of deserters 
who were just at that time leaving Lee's army and 
taking a bee-line for the mountains of West Yirg-inia. 

Thev were very shy of us and for two hours refused 
to consent to let us enter the boat and go over with 
them, on the ground that our federal uniform was a 
diseuise and that we were reallv rebel secret service 



2oS FIFTEENTK CONI^ECTICUT VOL UMTEERS. 

men, whose business it was to entrap and arrest 
men of their class who were trying to get away 
from the Confederate service. We finally convinced 
them that we were genuine 'Yanks,' and about mid- 
night we all got into the old fiat-bottomed, square- 
ended ferr\- boat and started across. The river was 
narrow and the current rapid, and the boat was held 
from going down stream by a cable stretched from 
shore to shore, and running through rude tackle at 
each end of the old scow. We could see lights on the 
opposite shore, sufficiently near where we were appar- 
ently to land, but placing all confidence in the old 
colored ferryman, we asked no questions, but silently 
glided across. 

The instant the boat touched the landing, up 
jumiped a whole company of rebel soldiers. We heard 
their muskets cocked and knew they were, every one 
of them, aimed directly into the boat, and then came 
the sharp, quick voice of the captain as he ordered the 
deserters to lay down their arms and march ashore. 
For half a minute, it was still as death in the boat; 
not a rebel or a Yankee moved. The captain repeated 
his command and gave them one minute to lay down 
their arms and come ashore, or he would give the 
order to fire. Nearly a minute must have passed 
before a man moved, and then one of the deserters 
laid down his gun and marched out, then another 
followed, and so in Indian file they all stepped 
ashore into the jaws, of what to them was pretty cer- 
tain death. 

Linsley and myself were sitting in the stern of 
the boat and did not move. Unnoticed by us the old 
ferryman had gotten into the water and was shelter- 
ing himself from possible bullets under the stem of 
the boat. He now brought his face far enough above 
the boat to w^hisper to me, "Marse, ye's got to go 
ashore, de capin knows ye's hyar." Then for the first 
time it dawned upon me that the darkey had betrayed 



DEFEySE OF THE JJXJOX. ,09 

us. My fingers fairly ached to clutch him bv the 
throat, but I didn't do it. I -whispered a selection of 
"cuss words" in his left ear. and they must have been 
heavy ones, for he at once sunk out of ear shot, and I 
never saw him any more. 

Another quite urgent invitation came to us from 
the rebel captain, and then Linsley and myself 
walked ashore. The captain had sent the deserters 
away under a strong guard, and he now marched us 
off to his own quarters. 

"We soon found that our captor was Captain Du- 
guid. of a North Carolina regiment, and that his 
home, when the war began, was in New Berne. X. C. 
We could tell him a great deal about Xew Berne and 
her people, as our regiment had been there for more 
than a year, and we soon felt as much at home with 
him as if he had been a Yank himself. He gave up 
his own bunk to us. he being on duty all night, and 
had the best his stores afforded cooked for a mid- 
night meal for us. I shall always suppose that a part 
at least of his kindness to us was due to the discovery 
which he made soon after we entered his tent, that I 
was a brother Mason. 

We now learned from Captain Duguid and his 
lieutenant the reason of our betrayal by the old col- 
ored ferryman "Joe Mosely." 

Only two days before Captain Duguid came to 
that ferry from Lee's army, being detailed with his 
entire companv to intercept the constant stream of 
deserters who were pouring up into the mountains. 
Arriving here Captain Duguid found that Joe had 
been in the habit of running the ferr\- legitimately 
during the day. but that at night it was his constant 
practice to ferrv over two or three loads of deserters. 
charging them §20 apiece for the service. 

In this way Joe had laid by nearly a barrel of Con- 
federate money, and had become so attached to that 
kind of currencv that we had found it hard work to 



2IO FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

g;et him to accept greenbacks for our fare. The first 
thing- the captain did was to arrest the old ferryman, 
put one end of a rope round his neck and the other 
over a limb, and tell him to say his last prayer. Old 
Joe wasn't ready to leave his ferry and his barrel of 
shin plasters, so he told the captain: " You's jist 
bitin' ye's own nose off, Marse, ef you hang me. I 
ken holp ye mor'n all de rest o' de folks in dis whole 
section. De}^ all knows me, and comes right to my 
boat. You jest let me live an' run de ferry jest de 
same, an' you'll bag a heap more game'n ye would ef 
I'se dead an' gone." 

Captain Duguid saw the force of Joe's logic, let 
him go back to his business, and Linsley and I 
chanced to be in the first boat load that he carried 
over under that arrangement. 

After learning all the facts from Captain Duguid 
and Lieutenant Hurst we didn't feel disposed to 
blame the ferryman so much as we did at first. 

We had been four days and nights tramping 
through forests, fording streams, walking often in 
the bed of a stream for a mile or so to avoid being 
tracked by hounds, and while Lieutenant Linsley 
was fresh and robust, fit for another tramp as severe, 
I was very badly used up. We were sixty miles from 
Richmond, and as my feet were solid blisters from 
heel to toe, I asked Captain Duguid to try to get us 
through on a train. 

He very promptly consented, and the next day we 
left Clover station on the roof of a freight car, with 
the youngest son of old (jovernor Wise, then a boy of 
seventeen years and a second lieutenant in the Junior 
Reserves, as our custodian. Yoimg Wise did not ride 
with us on the roof of the car, however. He placed a 
couple of his boys with muskets on the car with us, 
and ensconced himself in the caboose. 

I never shall forget that ride to Richmond. The 
rocid-bed was in horrible condition; there was not a 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 211 

car in the train whose brakes could be used, and 
wherever a stretch of down grade was reached we 
ran at a fearful speed at the mercy of fate. Our only 
course at such times was to lie flat on the narrow 
board running the entire length of the car roof, and 
hold on with both hands as best we could. Our 
guards soon lost their muskets, and one of them his 
hat, and they cut Init a sorr}^ figure when at last we 
arrived at Richmond and they marched us to the head- 
quarters of the provost marshal. Young Wise, how- 
ever, was rigged out in gay enough style to make up 
for the deficiencies of his guard. I think he is the 
same John S. Wise who has in recent years been quite 
prominent in Virginia politics, but has now taken up 
his residence in New York city. These turned us 
over to the provost marshal, and then bid us a very 
kindly good-bye. We were then thoroughly searched 
and sent to Libby, where the searching was per- 
formed again. We had quite an amount in green- 
backs with us, and had taken the precaution to secrete 
it between the cloth and the lining at the bottom of 
our trousers' legs. Our clothing was so completely 
covered with mud up to the knees that they did not 
look there for it, so we got past Dick Turner without 
giving- up our greenbacks. As a result of our effort 
to escape we arrived at Libby two days in advance of 
the rest of our regiment. 

RECOVERY OF THE SWORD OF CAPT. THEODORE R. DAVIS. 

In the National Tribune of May 30th, 1889, appeared 
the following card: 

LOST AND FOUND. 

C. Dunbar, 2d N. Y. M't'd Rifles, Goldsboro, N. C, says that 
there is a lost sword at that place supposed to have belonged to a 
Union officer, in the hands of an old negro— Green Everett. On 
the handle is the following: "Presented to Capt. Theodore R. 
Davis by E. N. Whittelsey, Aug. 9, 1S62." 



212 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Sergt. Barnes, of Southington, saw the notice and 
sent it to Capt. Davis. The latter communicated at 
once with Mr. Dunbar with this result: 

GoLDSBORO, N. C, July 2d, 1SS9. 
Mr. Theodore R. Davis. 

I received your letter and was very glad to hear from you. 
Your initials are on the handle of that sword I had published. 
The colored man says the sword cost him five dollars, and if yoi: 
want it, write me a good honorable letter, praising the old negro, 
and perhaps I can get it for less money, for he wants an article to 
publish in the Goldsboro papers about it. I will do all I can for 
vou. I remain ever your friend, 

CORNELIUS DUNBAR. 

It is needless to add that Capt. Davis wrote the 
"good honorable letter" and sent sufficient "green- 
backs " to insure the speedy return of his weapon. 
There was great rejoicing when it arrived, and it is 
now cherished as one of the most precious memen- 
tos the Captain could bequeath. 

THE REV. JOHN B. DOOLIT'JLE's CHRISTMAS GIFT. 

One of the most hearty and spontaneous Christmas 
gifts ever made was that donated by the regiment 
while at New Berne, N. C. After dress parade on the 
afternoon of Dec. 29, 1864, the command was formed 
in hollow square, and Sergt. Reilly of Co. C, on behalf 
of his comrades, led into the enclosure a valuable 
horse and equipments and presented the same to 
Chaplain John B. Doolittle as an expression of 
the estimation in which he was held by the regiment. 
The Chaplain was completely surprised, and 
among things in expressing his thanks, said this : 

" When I was a boy I used to tell mother that 
when I came to be a man there were two things that 
I was going to have, one was a horse and the other a 
wife. I am now nigh on to thirty years of age, and 
mother has been about discouraged as to my getting 
either but I shall now write her that the horse is 




Lieut. Solomon F. Linsley. 



DEFEXSE OF THE UyJOX. 215 

here, so she can take courage, and when this • cruel 

war is over." perhaps but we won't talk of that 

just now." 

Chaplain Doolittle " mustered out " his horse with 
himself at the close of the war and conveved him to 
Connecticut. There he remained several vears and 
when his work called him to Nebraska, took the 
faithful animal along with him. About 1890 the old 
fellow was still "one of the family" and may be 
living yet. 

CAPTURE OF THE REGIMEXTAL BATTLE FLAG AT THE 
BATTLE OF KIXSTOX. 

BY LIEITEXAST S- F. LDiSLEY, CO. K. 

I was in command of Co. C. When coming on to 
the field on the afternoon of March 7. 1S65. I was 
ordered to support the skirmish line of the left wing, 
and took position some yards in its rear in a ditch 
running alongside a lane made through the plantation. 
The Confederate battery back of Jacksons Mills 
obser\-ing our movements, opened fire, which necessi- 
tated a slight change to the left in my position, other- 
wise, when the fight opened, the next day, we occupied 
the position first taken. 

Considerable misapprehension exists among some 
of the veterans as to the exact status of the regimen- 
tal colors at this fight, and it is with a view to give 
the facts in the matter that this article is written. 
The state flag had been sent to Connecticut for repairs 
previous to our leaving Xew Berne and had not been 
returned. Its place was supplied by a blue silk stand- 
ard furnished by the U. S. government, and was 
without mark or insignia of any kind. This ensign 
was carried by the left wing and the national color 
by the right wing. The latter as previously stated, 
was safely borne off the field, but the former was not 
so fortunate. It was pluckily kept flying and the 
men rallied on it at the last change of front ordered. 



2 1 4 FIFTEENTH COXKECTIC UT VOL UXTEERS. 

At this time every member of the g-nard with 
it had become disabled except Corporal Manville, 
and he was sorely wounded. Nevertheless, he 
held to his standard, and when our forces broke 
away, joined in the retreat. He had scarcely passed 
Col. Tolles' headquarters when he felt unable to go 
further and handed his precious charge over to me. 
Sergeants Griffin and Finnigan of my company soon 
came up and as the rout was general by this time, we 
struck across the open lot and into the woods well 
down on our right, hoping to escape. Suddenly we 
heard the command '-halt! surrender those colors," 
and at the same time a rebel soldier seized the staff. 
I looked at my .would-be captor a moment and from 
his manner concluded his piece was not loaded, nor 
did I see anv supporting comrade near him. It 
seemed to me his demand was rather uncalled for, 
and holding on to the color with one hand, drew my 
revolver with the other, and in the same breath Griffin 
and Finnigan were preparing to make a rush and cap- 
ture the '"Johnny." Just at this crisis Capt. Burgess 
came up and pointing to the rebel infantry, now 
closing in on all sides (which in the excitement I had 
failed to notice), advised our surrender. We accord- 
ingly gave up the flag. Our captor carried it into 
Kinston that afternoon, and a part of the way we 
marched behind it. 

THE CENTRAL VIRGINIA MEAT CO. 

One of the objects of the so-called "Blackberry 
Raid," in 1863, was the destruction of an iron bridge 
across the South Anna river over which supplies were 
sent to the Confederate army from Richmond. Gen. 
Harland's brigade, of which the 15th Conn, was a part, 
was held in reserve at Taylor's farm while the main 
column went forward to destroy this bridge. While 
lying there, some of the lads, whom it is to be feared 
had neglected their Sundav School lessons that dav. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 215 

(for it was the Sabbath), fancying their Uncle 
Samuel's bill of fare not calculated to sustain the 
reputation Sunday dinners used to have in old Con- 
necticut, determined to look about for a dainty or 

tAVO. 

Among these godless youth was one Stoddard, a 
Co. B private, who, emboldened b}" the example of 
some wicked men of the 3d N. Y. cavalry, started out 
on a bit of foraging on his own account. (It is inferred 
that up to this time he had been an exemplary young 
man). Scarcely was he clear of the camp ere he 
stumbled on Wade and Clark of Co. D, out on a 
similar errand. This precious trio held a consulta- 
tion, at which it was agreed to form a " limited part- 
nership," (limited in capital — not having a cent 
among them), and embark in the meat and pro- 
vision business. It did not take long to draw up the 
articles of agreement. 

In the distance lay the plantation of one Col. Crane 
an officer in the rebel army, and thitherward the firm 
bent its steps. Several bee-hives presented their 
attractions to the partners, and Wade was especially 
anxious to fill his haversack with honey "just to eat 
with hard-tack you know," but the senior member of 
the firm cautioned him that they stood more in need 
of meat than sweetening, which counsel prevailed, 
and they pressed on up to the mansion. Only a few 
frightened servants appeared to be holding the fort 
for its gallant owner; and these, on being questioned 
speedily informed the invaders that a flock of sheep 
were feeding just over the hill. This was cheerful 
news; stock in the new meat market rose at once. 
Stoddard wildly said he'd take it all, but the others 
said they guessed not, not while they were there at 
least. Clark drew a " bead" on a fine "cossett," and in a 
few minutes. Wade had its hide off, and this piece of 
mutton unceremoniously hung by its heels to a gun, 
was being toted to a Yankee camp. On the return, 



2i6 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

these now thoroughly hardened transgressors, hav- 
ing run the camp-guard, broken the Sabbath, fright- 
ened the women, and slain the little lamb, rounded 
up their adventures by raiding the aforesaid bee- 
hives; but, alas for the partners, so much time was 
consumed in the latter sweet undertaking, that the 
connections with their camp became broken. It seems 
that in their absence the column had unexpectedly 
been ordered forward, and the remorseless grip of the 
Provost guard now shut down on them. Whimpering 
and bluffing were equally of no avail; their entire 
capital was "attached " and themselves ignominiously 
thrust into a cook's old tent under guard, with some 
thirty other disciples of salt pork and hard-tack like- 
wise apprehended. It is asserted that in the small 
hours of that night, the head of the firm got loose 
from the guard, and regained a portion of the 
stock, but be that as it may, the arrest broke up " The 
Central Virginia Meat Co.," and the concern went 
into bankruptcy. 

CONCERNING "THE BLACKBERRY RAID." 

I;Y CHARLES D BARNES, CO. B. 

During the last week in June, 1863, Gen. John A. 
Dix conceived the idea of a "back door attack on Rich- 
mond," partly to prevent troops being sent from that 
vicinity to reinforce Lee at Gettysburg. Gen. Getty's 
division left " Getty's Station," near Norfolk, on trans- 
ports for Yorktown, where we encamped on the his- 
toric ground of Cornwallis' surrender. Very near our 
camp, and easily traceable, were the old lines of 
breastworks, with trees in some instances two feet in 
diameter growing on them. vSoon after daylight on 
that hot morning of July i we crossed the Pamunkey 
river on the spiles of the burned railroad bridge. It 
was there we caught our first "catfish." We saw an 
old darkey with a string of big "cats," which he said 
he caught off the railroad bridge. We rigged up a 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 217 

fishing tackle, dug- worms for bait, and then sat for 
hours on the bridge without a nibble. Hunting up 
the old contraband we made some remarks about his 
veracity; in fact, we told him he lied, and that there 
wasn't a catfish in the river. He insisted there was, 
and asked to see our hooks. " Hooks all right; where 
your bait?" We showed him some nice fat earth 
worms, and then he grinned. "Come wid me," said 
the old fellow. We followed down to the sutler's 
shanty. " Boss gib me half pound bait," and in a 
moment we had a half pound of soft green cheese. We 
smiled very incredulously, but after putting on a bit 
as large as a small chestnut, the "tide turned" more 
surely than on Lake Drvimmond, and catfish weigh- 
ing from two to four pounds were caught till we 
could not carry them all to camp. The second day 
out we passed the mansion of Dr. Fountain, whose 
wife was a daughter of Patrick Henry. The inmates 
had fled, and left that beautiful home to the blacks 
and the enemy. Its contents were scattered in all 
directions, but the Conn. Brigade were fully exone- 
rated from the looting of it; many little articles were 
dropped here and there, and some of our men nearly 
came to grief from having some of these discarded 
trinkets in their possession. 

July 3 was the hottest day in which the 
brigade ever marched. That night the 15th Conn, 
bivouacked on the John Taylor plantation, in a 
wheat field. The wheat was in stacks; the boys 
used it for beds and for forage. We stayed there 
over Sunday, July 4th, and on that day this hoary 
old rebel addressed the soldiers from the porch 
of his house. We left this plantation, and in some 
mysterious way his scattered wheat took fire about 
dark. Then began that terrible forced march else- 
where spoken of. Many of the men slept while 
marching, and it was amusing to hear the variety of 
opinions as to the lapse of time since the last halt. 



2i8 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

A comrade would strike suddenly against his file 
leader, and inquire, "what's another halt called for?" 
and was willing to swear that it had not been ten 
^minutes since the last " fall in " was given, but upon 
striking a match and examining his watch, would 
find that an hour or two had elapsed, and then would 
have to admit that he had marched asleep. 

This was done in numberless instances. Men 
strained ever}^ nerve to keep their places in the ranks 
for guerillas followed close, skirmishing with the rear 
guard, and to be left behind and picked up by these 
human coyotes meant sure death in most instances, 
as they killed men as remorselessly as a Sioux Indian. 

Pearly fruits were in their prime, and the troops 
fared sumptuously. The men from the hills of New 
England had never before seen such a wealth of black- 
berries as grew along the line of march. One could 
without changing position, pick more than he could 
eat. An officer recalling this time says, " I gathered 
a water pail three-quarters full fromi the vines within 
my tent." This fruit kept us in health. Frequently 
the men would take a quart cup of berries, crush them 
with an iron spoon and breaking in their hard tack, 
let it soak a few minutes; it was no mean dish then. 
Others would crush the berries, then pour them into 
their canteens, adding a little water; this made a far 
more palatable drink than that drawn from some 
puddle after the passage of a six-mule team. It was 
the profusion of this wild fruit that gave the expedi- 
tion the name of the " Blackberry Raid." 

Thus the march went on. We fancied that when 
we reached water deep enough for the transports 
that we should ride the remainder of the way home; 
tvc did, hut instead of on transports, on "gunboats," 
made at Lynn and other "shoe " towns in Massachu- 
setts. We marched the entire length of that penin- 
sula down through the battle-field of Bethel to For- 
tress Monroe, much of the wav in stifling dust, such 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 219 

as only those who have kicked it up on a march 
of that kind know. Then again, we were in 
swamps with water waist-deep, and up to the arm-pits 
of Piatt and Knerr, who were always at the " short 
end of Co. B," and always loaded down with guns, 
belts, cartridge boxes, haversacks, canteens, blankets, 
eighty rounds extra ammunition, frying pans, etc., etc. 
Thus by weary marches we made that long and toil- 
some journey, and at last reached Hampton. An aide 
of Gen. Getty remarked in after years that the Gen- 
eral said no march ever equaled it, considering its 
length, the season, the distance covered, and the 
health and morale of the troops at the finish. 



PART III. 

THE PIONEER CORPS WAR POSTERS NARRATIVE OF 

CHARLES E. HART LIEUT. -COL. TOLLES' OPERA- 
TIONS AT SOUTH MILLS PROMOTIONS FROM THE 

RANKS TO OTHER REGIMENTS A RELIC OF FRED- 
ERICKSBURG, VA. BILL NICHOLS AND THE " TAR- 
HEEL " RATIONS — NARRATIVE OF CAPT. WATERMAN. 

THE PIONEER CORPS. 
BY LIEUT. LINSLEY, COMPANY K. 

The Pioneer Corps was organized out of the Conn. 
Brigade, at White House Landing, in 1863. I was de- 
tailed to its command. There were about seventy- 
five men in all connected with it, and our duties were 
to precede the columns of march, clear away obstruc- 
tions from the roads, and, when going into camp, 
erect quarters for the officers, and prepare, in part, 
the grounds for the occupation of the command. 
The most laborious work the corps performed, was in 
rendering assistance to the baggage trains. These 
often became stalled for one reason and another, bad 
corduroy roads and mud being the most frequent 
causes. Particularly was this the case after leaving 
White House Landing. No words of mine can 
describe the uproar and vexation of that occasion. 
The train was heavy, the mud was deep, the road 
was abominable, the teamsters were impatient, the 
weather was hot and the mules were ugly. 

[Note. — It is said tliat the latter animals were sworn at so 
effectively bj^ their drivers, that they too learned the language 
and answered back.] 

As a rule the work of the Pioneer Corps was 
severe in the extreme. While its members were 
exempt from guard duty, fatigue service was far 
more exhaustive, and it required a well seasoned 
soldier to fill the bill. We formed a separate detach- 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 221 

ment, messed and slept tooether, and were always 
held ready for any emergency. 

Occasionally, after a severe day's march, a com- 
plaint would sometimes be made that one or more 
members had "fallen out," only to come stragg-Hno- 
into camp, late at night, when the labor was all done. 
This charge came to rest so frequently on "Billy 
Hogan," of Co. C, that he was looked upon as one 
habitually " tired." 

On our arrival at King William Court House 
Private Hogan came in late as usual. Duties of one 
nature and another, together with a search for a 
supply of the magnificent "blackberries" of that 
locality, took me some distance from camp, and on 
returning, I was met by one of my men, who, in 
solemn tones, said that poor Billy Hogan had been 
buried. It seemed pretty quick work, and I reflected 
that perhaps we had been too hard on William and 
unjust in our judgment, and now the sick man was 
dead. Hurrying along, I espied in the distance a 
knot of men standing in solemn attitude, near our 
cjuarters, close by a mound of fresh earth. None 
seemed inclined to speak as I drew near, and a great 
sorrow was apparent. Just then Hogan came up, 
and saluting, said, " Lieutenant, it's me. I got out of 
that. I didn't want to be buried alive." Then the 
secret was out. The solemnity vanished in an in- 
stant, and a burst of laughter followed. 

It seems that the moment Hogan reached camp, 
as mentioned, he spread his blanket, and, regardless 
of duty, was soon sound asleep. In my absence sev- 
eral members of the corps quietly dug a trench, and 
lifting the sleeper carefully, laid him in it. Then 
they began to fill it up with a will. Billy soon woke 
under the " pressure," and commenced yelling "stop 
it ! stop it ! Begorra, O'im not dead yet," and made 
a wild rush for the top. 

The lesson proved a good one; he was so thor- 
oughly frightened as never to attempt to sliirk again 



222 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEES. 

At the battle of Kinston, axe in hand, he threatened 
so fiercely to hew down a "Johnny" who attempted 
to capture him, that he bluffed him and escaped to 
the rear. 

While in camp near Portsmouth, the pioneer corps 
conceived the notion of erecting a flag-staff' on the 
parade ground. Accordingly we procured from the 
forest a mast, about one hundred twenty feet in 
length, and with the aid of blocks and ropes from the 
Portsmouth Navy Yard, attempted one night after 
dress parade to hoist it into position. Our rigging 
became disabled in the effort and we were compelled 
to postpone the " raising " until next morning. Before 
that time dawned however, we received marching 
orders, and were moved about four miles nearer Ports- 
mouth, and as we could not well carry our "big stick " 
with us, the i6th Conn, raised it some days later amid 
general rejoicing. 

At our new camp the corps was made busy putting 
up log houses for the Field and Staff officers. These 
were substantial buildings. Col. Upham, Lieut. -Col. 
Tolles, Major Osborne, Chaplain ^liller, vSurgeon Hol- 
comb, Adjt. Rand and the assistant surgeons, each 
had a comfortable dwelling about ioxi6. In addition 
to these, Capt. Munson of Co. K, and myself built 
quarters for ourselves of the same material. They 
were furnished with windows and door, and divided 
by a curtain into two cosy apartments. Each cabin 
had its oven, fireplace, and chimney built of bricks, 
about thirty thousand of which were " confiscated " 
from the neighboring city of Portsmouth. The 
accompanying illustration produced from a photo- 
graph taken the day camp was broken up on our 
departure for North Carolina, represents Capt. Mun- 
son's and my own buildings. 

The operations of the corps were resumed on 
reaching Plymouth, and kept up for a time after the 
occupation of New Berne, but the organization was 
finally di.sbanded at the latter place. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 223 

WAR POSTER. 
ISSUED AT NEW HAVEN, CONN., JULY, lS62. 

THE LYON REGIMENT 

Will be raised by the authority of the Governor by the 

TOW^N of NEVS^ HAVEN. 

It can be Raised in 

30 ID-A."S^S- 



state Bounty paid upon enlistin<£, If within 30 days, $50.00 

'* '* " dui-ins tiie tli-st year, . . . 30.00 

'• Allowance for wile 4t tt , . 72.00 

'^ " '' andtwocUildren, . . 18.00 

United States Bounty paid upon enlistiu*^-, . 47.00 

" " " " at end of war, . . 75.00 

"• " Pay per monlli, .... 13.00 

Total pay in one year besides clothing- and ration!*, 45S.OO 



Good Men are Invited to meet the Committee at once. 

LET THE LYON REGIMENT 

Be first in the fieldand march to Washington 
in 30 Days. 



JOHN €. HOI^LISTER, HENRY D. PARDFE, 

SAMCEl. BISHOP, B* ^- BRYAN, 

N. D. SPERRY, CHARLES W. ELIOT, 

FRANCIS WAYLAND, 

Jiecruiting Conunittee, Cutler Jiiiil<lin;/. 



224 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

WAR POSTER. 
ISSUED AT MERIDEN, CONN., JULY, 1862. 



RALLY 

TO THE SUPPORT OF THE 
NATION. 



THE LOYAL. CITIZEXS OF :VIERIDE\^ who are 

ready to make anollicr effort to »>ave tlic Nation iai 
tlii»> its grcate<<it peril, are requested to meet at tlie 



TOi HOUSE, ON THyRSDAyE 




J w.i I •■vriiv/i^ii I t_ I •_•• w,j 



JULY lOlii, 1S62, at 7 1-2 o'cicii, to eoiisult upon 
measures relating to tlic PUBLIC SAFETY. All 
iiands to the rescue. The Oovernmeiit calls loudly 
for aid, and IVIeriden must respond nobly now in 
^lEX and IVIEAIVS, as she has done in the past. 

HON. SENATOR DIXON, CYRUS NORTHRUP, ESQ., 

ami other diMtino uj^bed Speakers «vill be present to address 
tUc meeting'. 

Lieut. Col. 1>. R. WRKJIIT. lion. O. H. PI>ATT. 

ISAAC C. l-EUIS, Hon. WALTKll BOOTH. 

.lAAlK?* S. ItllOOKiS. CHARliES PARKER. 

<). n. AUNOLIl. ED>ILM) PARKER. 
.'>leriilcn. .Inly <Mh. 1 S«J2. niiil iiiiiiierniis other citizens. 



DEFENSE OF THE UXIOX. 225 



XARRATIVE OF CHARLES E. HART, COMPAXV I. 

I enlisted as private in Co. I, July 2Stli, 1S62, and 
was appointed fourth corporal. In this capacity I 
followed the fortunes of the regiment until I obtained 
a furlough while at Xew Berne, N. C, in the spring 
of 1864, in order to appear before Gen. Casey's Board, 
then sitting to examine candidates for commissions 
in the colored regiments being raised. I was fortu- 
nate enough to pass muster with the grade of first 
lieutenant, and received my discharge from the 15th, 
July 31, 1864. On reporting for duty at "Washington, 
I was ordered to Louisa, Ky., and received a commis- 
sion there in the 109th Regt. U. S. Colored Troops, 
Co. E, ninety men, no captain, nor no second lieu- 
tenant. 

We did duty in the mountain regions of eastern 
Kentucky four months, and were then transferred to 
Gen. Butler's command in the Army of the James. 
Upon the organization of the 25th Army Corps, under 
Gen. Weitzel, we were assigned to the First Brigade, 
Second Division, and in the winter of 1864-5, were 
stationed in the outer line of works at Fort Harrison, 
Chapin's Farm. Here the regiment was daily under 
fire, both from the Confederate picket lines and their 
batteries. 

In the final move of our forces to the left, and so 
forward toward Richmond and Petersburg, we were 
inclined well around toward Hatcher's Run and placed 
on the left of the 7th Corps. When the final denoue- 
ment came, we moved with the army, broke the rebel 
lines in our front and were present at Lee's surrender 
in the vicinity of Appomattox. I was promoted to 
the captaincy of my company July Sth, 1S65. 

The 109th was well otficered, well disciplined, well 
handled, and bears a record worthy of remembrance. 
After the •' Grand Review " in Washington (in which 
however we did not participate) the command, with 



2 26 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEBS. 

the major-part of the 25th Corps, was ordered to 
Texas, where we remained until mustered out in Feb- 
ruary, 1866. We were finally discharged at Louisville, 
Ky. The officers of the 109th came from nine differ- 
ent states. Four revmions have been held, and the 
next meeting- will be in Indianapolis. 

LIEUT. -COL. TOLLES' OPERATIONS AT SOUTH MILLS. 

[two reports.] 

Headquarters South Mills, N. C, 
Sept. 22d, 1S63. 

Sir: I have the honor to report that in company with Major 
McCandless, 5th Pa. Cavah-y, and twenty men of his command, I 
proceeded this morning to Lebanon Mills, four miles west of this 
place. Guerillas in squads of three and four have been seen in 
this vicinity from time to time, but I was unable to find any. The 
road from this point to the western branch of the Pasquotank 
River being impassable for horsemen, I proceeded, in company 
with the Majmr and eight men dismounted, to and across the 
river, about vone mile west of which we captured a Jew under 
extremely suspicious circumstances. He had spent the night 
only one mile from the usual crossing of the river, where our 
pickets are stationed, and, when captured, was five miles from 
this place, with the evident intention of crossing our lines at some 
point where he could escape detection. His name is Falk Oden- 
heimer, and he claims to be a refugee from Goldsboro, N. C. He 
has about $12,000 in gold and Southern State money in his pos- 
session and also a number of watches. I send you the prisoner 
i:nder guard. 

Very respectfully. 

Your obedient servant, 

Samuel Tolles, 
Comd. U. S. Forces South Mills. 
To Capt. II. Stevens, 

Adjt. Gen. 

South Mills, 

Oct. 17th, 1S63. 

Capt.: I have the honor to report that I accompanied Major 
McCandless with forty of his command (cavalry) to Camden Court 
House, this morning, sending parties to the different landings on 
the river between this and that point. We captured, near Ship 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 227 

Landing, a blockade runner named Douglass, a citizen of Pasquo- 
tank Co., who had in his possession two hides. The boat was 
destroyed. Three others, on our arrival at the landing, had just 
reached the opposite shore, and made their escape. A cart and 
horse, left in their hurry, I brought into camp. Having heard 
that a party of fifteen guerillas had been seen in the neighbor- 
hood, on our return Major M. sti-engthened his advance guard 
and skirmished the woods as well as he could, considering the 
nature of the country. At about midway from the Court House 
to this place the rear of the column was fired upon by a pauty 
laying in ambush on the border of a swamp, supposed to be the 
same as mentioned above, killing Privates Taggart of Co. F and 
Wolf of Co. G, and wounding Private Hoover of Co. C. Major 
McCandless dismounted his carbineers as quickly as possible, 
pursued them into the swamp, but without being able to over- 
take them. While at Camden Court House we were informed by 
two citizens that a Capt. Hughes had a guerilla band uniformed, 
near Indiantown, but could learn no particulars. 

From observation and what I learn from diflrerent sources, I 
am satisfied that there is considerable passing on the Pasquotank, 
between the Court House and this place by means of small boats. 

I forward, under guard, to your headquarters Timothy Doug- 
lass, blockade runner, as mentioned above. His stock of hides 
were left behind, to enable me to transport the bodies of those 

killed. 

Very respectfully, 

Your obedient servant, 

Sam'l Tolles, 

Comd. U. S. Forces South Mills. 

PROMOTIONS FROiM THE 15TH CONN. TO OTHER 
REGIMENTS. 

Co. A— ist Sergt. John B. Willett to ist Lieut. Co. 
G, 14th U. S. C. Heavy Artillery. 1865. 

Co. A— Corp. George W. Allen to Capt. Co. E, 29th 
Conn. Vols, (colored). 1864. 

Co. A— Private Frank E. Little to ist Lieut. Co. 
E, loyth U. S. C. L (Major by brevet). 1864. 

Co. D— Private George W. Bunnell to ist Lieut. 
Co. C, 124th U. S. C. I. 1865. 

Co. E— Sergt. Charles Griswold to Capt. Co. B, 29th 
Conn. Vols. 1864. 



2 28 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

Co. E Sergt. Henry G. Marshall to ist Lieut. Co. 

E, 29th Conn. Vols., 1864, and Capt. Co. I, 29th C. V., 
Jan. 31, 1865. 

Co. E-Corp. Giles G. Horton to Major i6th N. Y. 
Cavalry. 1863. 

Co. E— Corp. Edwin A. Thorpe to Capt. Co. K, 
29th Conn. Vols. 1864. 

Co. E— Private Clarence M. Clark to ist Lieut. Co. 
D, 29th Conn. Vols. 1864. Captain, May 12, 1865. 

Co. F — Sergt. Edwin A. Kenney to Capt. Co. F, 
14th U. S. C. Heavy Art. 1865. 

Co. F — Private Philip E. Chapin to ist Lieut. Co. 
L, 2d Conn. Heavy Art. 1864. 

Co. H— Corp. John Hill to ist Lieut. Co. G, 28th U. 
S. C. I. 1864. 

Co. H— Private William B. Pease to ist Lieut. Co. 
— , 8th U. S. C. I. 1863. 

Co. H — Sergt. Augustus Bodwell, to 5th Regt. In- 
dian Home Guards. 1863. (Not mustered.) 

Co. I— Corp. Charles E. Hart to Capt. Co. E., 109th 
U. S. C. L 1864. 

Co. I — Private Thomas Dunlap Jr., to Capt. Co. F, 
29th Conn. Vols. 1864. 

Co. I— Corp. Richard K. Woodruff to Capt. Co. C, 
31st Conn. Vols. 1864. 

A RELIC OF FREDERICKSBURG, VA. 

On the night of the retreat of Burnside's Army 
from the ill-fated city of Fredericksburg, the writer 
stumbled over a plain wooden chair dropped on the 
field. Throwing it on his shoulder, he carried it 
across the river and a portion of the way to camp, 
when it became burdensome and was flung aside. 
Lieut. Linsley then gathered it in and "toted" it to 
camp. It remained in his possession during all the 
transfers and service of the regiment, and to-day in 
his home it extends its arms and a welcome to any 
comrade of the 15th who will drop in. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 229 

BILL NICHOLS AND THE " TAR-HEEL." 

While Private Nichols of Co. I, was being con- 
veyed as a prisoner to Richmond (see his narrative), 
at one point on the route he was placed in a railroad 
box-car with four comrades. Between Enfield and 
Weldon, N. C, whenever the train stopped, they were 
regarded with great curiosity by the " North Carolina 
Home Guard Reserves," called "tar-heels " from their 
long familiarity with the product of the pine trees of 
that state. Along came one day a squad of these 
warriors who had never seen a "Yank" before, and 
one more audacious than his companions, observing a 
pair of new boots on Nichols' feet, entered into the 
following conversation with their wearer: 

Tar-heel— "Yank, pull off them boots." 

Yank — "I guess not." 

Tar-heel — "I tell yoii I want them boots." 

Yank—" So do I." 

Tar-heel—" Say Cap," addressing his officer, " Can't 
that Yank give me them boots ? " 

Before the captain could answer, Nichols said to 
him, " Captain, here's a fellow that hasn't courage 
enough to capture a prisoner in a fight, but is just 
coward enough to rob a man already taken. Now, if 
he will lay down his gun and come into this car and 
pull off my boots, he is welcome to them." The invi- 
tation was declined in a liberal sprinkling of " cuss- 
words," and Nichols kept his boots. 

RATIONS. 

The following table may be of interest, as showing 
how our armies were fed. To every man the follow- 
ing daily subsistence was allowed: 

I. Twelve ounces salt pork or bacon, or twenty 
ounces fresh or salt beef. 



230 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

2. Sixteen ounces hard bread, or twenty-two 
ounces of soft bread, or of flour, or twenty ounces 
corn meal. 

3. Six tenths of a gill of beans, or an ounce and 
one-half of rice. 

4. An ounce and one-half of coffee, or one-fifth of 
an ounce of tea. 

5. Two and one-half ounces of sugar. 

6. One-third of a gill of vinegar. 

7. Three-fifths of an ounce of soap. 

8. One and one-half gills of salt. 

Candles, vegetables (desiccated or otherwise) were 
issued where convenient. In camps near cities, or 
where transportation was not interrupted, and the 
supply abundant, it was not possible for the soldier to 
consume what was allowed him. This was the case 
particularly at Camp's Chase and Casey and at Ports- 
mouth and New Berne. Much less than the full 
ration was drawn by the companies at these places, 
and the difference was paid them in cash by the Gov- 
ernment. This money could be used in any manner 
the companies directed. Upon a march or in the face 
of the enemy, the supplies were habitually '' short." 
This was more the fault of the contractors than of the 
Government, and as was always the case the soldier 
was the sufferer, for he neither received the ration nor 
the commutation therefor. The worst swindles were 
perpetrated in ''hard bread" and salt beef ("salt- 
horse " as it was termed). Probably the purest and 
most excellent ration furnished was the coffee. The 
tea was vile beyond question, the vinegar was made 
of acid and water, and the beans frecj^uentl}^ harder 
than the bullets of our cartridges. The salt pork was 
usually good, so was the fresh beef, fresh bread and 
vegetables, whenever issued. The toughest " hard- 
tack " ever served out to us was at Fredericksburg in 
1862. Many of the men dared not eat it in daylight, 
particularly that taken across the river while the bat- 



BEFEN8E OF THE UNION. 231 

tie was going- on. Morgan of Co. D, is responsible for 
the statement, that after the engagement, between 
two hundred and three hundred boxes of this bread 
were condemned and fed to the cattle in the commis- 
sary department. Had the latter animals not been on 
the verge of starvation, they would have kicked it 
into the Rappahannock river. The writer has one of 
those original " B. C.'s " sent home during that cam- 
paign. Did space permit, it would be interesting to 
record the various dishes prepared by the boys, and 
the methods of their manufacture. Such terms as 
" scouse," " hell-fire stew," etc., etc., were applied to 
them; and when eaten by a stranger, he no longer 
doubted the appropriateness of their titles. 

NARRATIVE OF CAPT. REUBEN WATERMAN, COMPANY F. 

During the night of the 7th of March, 1865, Maj, 
Osborne and myself were watching the Confederate 
lines in our front. My company was on picket on the 
extreme right; at intervals we heard the sound of 
axes opposite us, across the creek, and knew that 
works of some kind were being constructed there. 
On the following forenoon when the final attack was 
made upon our lines, my company was driven in. We 
maintained our formation however, and fell back on 
the reserves. While passing through the woods, I 
saw Maj. Osborne lying wounded on the ground. I 
offered to remain with him, but he was being cared 
for (see Stoddard's account) and ordered me to get 
my men away quickly as possible, or all would be 
captured. I '' broke ranks " at once and every man 
" dug-out " for himself. I went through a little open- 
ing in the trees and observing our flag still waving 
over headquarters in the rear, concluded there was 
more noise than danger after all, and as I had ate 
neither breakfast nor dinner, sat down to refresh my- 
self with a "hard-tack." While munching it, I heard 



232 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

some one say " surrender ! " bnt paid no attention, 
thinking it a joke from one of my own men. In a 
moment the demand coupled with an oath was 
repeated, and turning, two rebel muskets looked me 
in the face. Their owners ordered me to advance 
within six paces of them, lay down my sword and 
retreat six paces, which requests were promptly com- 
plied with. I was put in charge of a Confederate 
officer, who took my sword and ordered me taken 
under guard to the old mill. On the way to the latter 
place, I was told to move on the " double-quick " and 
did so a few yards. This proceeding soon grew 
monotonous and I said to the guard, " shoot if you 
want to, I've gone ' do^^ble-quick ' as long as I will." 

When we arived at the mill, I was turned over to 
a lieiitenant, who spoke kindly and was a gentleman. 
The guard insisted I should give up my money, but 
this officer would not allow it. I was kept here until 
dark, and then sent to Kinston. From Kinston I went 
to Goldsboro next day, and there met my brother 
officers. 

[Note. — With the exception of bribing the rebel guards with 
" apple-jack " in one or two instances, while on the way to Rich- 
mond, Capt. Waterman's narrative is so similar to what has here- 
tofore been published, that further mention of it is omitted.] 




Capt. W. C. Burgess. 



PART IV. 

YELLOW FEVER AT NEW BERNE THE NORTH CAROLINA 

TIMES RECOLLECTIONS OF SERGT. HENRY C. BALD- 
WIN A VISIT TO FREDERICKSBURG, VA., IN 1892. 

THE YELLOW FEVER SCOURGE AT NEW BERNE. 
BY CAPT. M. A. BUTRICKS, CO. I. 

In reply to a request of our historian, I write 
a short account of my recollections of New Berne, 
during- the visitation of that dreadful scourge of 
yellow fever, in the months of September, October 
and November, 1864. While I shall never forget that 
event, my memor}' is not good enough to enable me 
to specify with accuracy, the several dates to which I 
may have occasion to allude. I think the state- 
ment is correct that the earliest intimation we had 
of the presence of the unwelcome visitor in our 
regiment, was when vSergt. Rogers of Co. B, gave 
up his life as its first victim in the 15th C. Y. I 
well remember the anxiety that was felt, by officers 
and men, when it was officially declared that the 
cause of the death of Sergt. Rogers was yellow fever. 
I remember also, in conversation with Surgeon Hol- 
combe, his statement that we had yellow fever in the 
city of New Berne, and several genuine cases in our 
regiment, and that nothing but an early frost could 
put a stop to the ravages of the disease which would 
surely prove epidemic and take away maii}^ of our 
comrades. The surgeon's advice was "keep cool, 
don't get nervous and excited, eat and sleep regu- 
larly, and drink plenty of good commissary." 

When at last the disease had attacked our regi- 
ment, so that our regimental hospital was becoming 
more and more occupied, and several of my own 
company were occupants, I made it a practice to 
visit them daily; and in this connection I desire to 



234 



FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 



bear testimon}^ to the admirable manner in which the 
affairs of our regimental hospital were administered 
by Surgeon Holcombe and his corps of assistants. I 
do not think that any of the unfortunate patients 
were neglected, but that all received as much care 
and attention as was possible, considering the great 
demands made upon the surgeons. Who that visited 
our hospital, during those three months of gloom and 
anxiety, can ever forget the scenes there witnessed; 
the large number of our comrades suffering in the 
various stages of the terrible disease ? As I now 
remember, Surgeon Holcombe had three wards, where 
those suffering with the fever were received ; the 
first, being where the patient was in its first stage ; 
the second, when the disease had assumed a danger- 
ous character; and the third, where the patient was 
given up as past all hope of recovery; this Dr. Hol- 
combe grimly called his "finishing room." 

During the month of vSeptember, the fever had 
become so fixed in its position in New Berne and had 
attacked so many of the citizens, that the military 
aiithorities became solicitous as to the safety of the 
troops. So many of our regiment were afflicted with 
the disease, and so many had died, that it was feared 
the command would be destroyed by the scourge, if 
kept longer on provost duty. Accordingly, early in 
October, arrangements were made to relieve the regi- 
ment with the ist Regt. North Carolina Colored Vol- 
unteers, and the 15th was ordered to a point some- 
where on the railroad between New Berne and More- 
head City, where as a result, it soon began to recover 
in health and spirits. Unfortunately for myself, 
when this order came I was officer of the day and was 
ordered to continue as such, in charge of the colored 
troops on provost duty. This w^as my situation dur- 
ing the entire time and without relief. 

The scenes that were witnessed in the streets of 
New Berne were simply awful. Many times was I 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 235 

called upon to dismount and enter a house where the 
scourge had taken away some member of the house- 
hold, and in several instances, where everyone of the 
family lay dead upon his bed, or on the floor of the 
house; many times was I obliged to send one of the 
guard to the quartermaster with orders for the cus- 
tomary pine box in which to convey the remains to 
the place of burial. Every morning these scenes 
were repeated, the situation daily growing worse 
during the month of October. At night we were 
ordered to keep bonfires burning on all the principal 
street corners, and large numbers of barrels of tur- 
pentine in its crude state were consumed. 

With the exception of the guard, scarcely a 
person could be seen on the streets after nightfall ; 
and as I rode from^ post to post in the discharge of 
my duties, I seemed to be riding through a place 
where a deep impenetrable gloom had taken up its 
abiding place. If ever there were long nights, I am 
sure I experienced them during that season of dread 
and anxiety. So far as I know, not a single man of 
the provost guard was attacked by the fever, and it 
was remarked that the colored people seemed to be 
proof against its attacks. The great loss was among 
the poor refugees who had sought shelter and pro- 
tection in New Berne, but found instead, in many 
instances an unmarked grave. 

One of the most interesting scenes that I now 
recall, was w^hen, after a few cool nights in early 
November, as I now remember the date, I received 
orders from Gen. Palmer to cause every building in 
New Berne, whether dwelling or store, to be opened 
whenever a frost could be expected. Accordingly the 
guard was instructed to find so far as possible, the 
owners and occupants of the various tenements, and 
to give notice that all buildings must be opened, either 
with the requisite key or by the application of the axe 
in the hands of a willing guard, whenever the order 



236 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

should be received. Early in November a slight frost 
appeared and orders came to put into effect previous 
instructions. The entire provost guard was promptly 
ordered out, divided into squads and assigned to the 
several districts of the city; each squad being under the 
charge of a non-commissioned officer. The orders 
were to visit every building and cause it to be opened 
front and rear, so as to permit the free access of the 
cold air, peaceably if possible, forcibly if necessary. 
These orders were executed systematically and with 
apparent willingness on the part of the guard, and in 
but few instances did we ineet with opposition on the 
part of the citizens; all seemed to recognize the orders 
as a necessary step toward the expulsion of the fever 
from the city. 

In some cases we were obliged to open by force, 
particularly places of business, either by forcing the 
doors or breaking the windows. Most of those who 
had conducted business in the stores of the city, had 
long since left, abandoning all their stock and seek- 
ing refuge in other places, so soon as it became evi- 
dent that the fever had become epidemic. 

To the soldier one of the greatest sources of anx- 
iety during this period, was the prohibition to send 
messages home and likewise no opportunity to re- 
ceive letters from there ; a strict cj^uarantine was 
enforced, and for many weeks we were anxious re- 
garding our loved ones, while they knowing the 
presence of the scourge in New Berne, were equally 
solicitous as to our welfare, dreading lest the first 
mail to arrive would bring tidings of death. How 
great then was our rejoicing when after the first 
frost, we heard the welcome announcement that the 
quarantine was removed, and mail allowed to arrive 
and depart. It is safe to say that no steamer ever 
carried more affectionate and tender messages, than 
those borne on the first steainer leaving New Berne 
after the raising of quarantine. 




Lieut. Charles F. Bowman, 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 237 

The first frost, while it gave promise that the 
power of the fever was broken, had the result to 
increase largely the death rate for a few days, those 
afflicted with the disease being apparently hurried out 
of existence; but no new cases appeared and we real- 
ized that we had passed the danger line, and from 
that time had no further fear of our terrible visitant. 

I do not remember the date when the regiment re- 
turned to New Berne and resumed its duty as pro- 
vost guard, but I do remember that it was with 
great joy and satisfaction that I welcomed it back 
to its old quarters and was happy in the thought, 
that I was to be relieved as officer of the da}", 
yea, of many days. I notice you give the number of 
victims in our regiment as sixty, I cannot safely dis- 
pute those figures, but it has always been my impres- 
sion that our loss was about eighty men. In the list 
I fail to discover the name of Lieut. Thompson,* of 
Co. F. It was my duty, with Lieut. Bowman, to be 
with him the last night of his life, and to do what we 
could to make his last hours as comfortable as pos- 
sible ; neither of us will ever desire to be present at 
a scene of like character. 

In conclusion permit me to say, that while the 15th 
did not participate in as many battles as some other 
regiments, still I do not believe that any regiment 
during the entire war, underwent anything that 
would compare with the dreadful experience we, as a 
regiment, were compelled to endure during the reign 
of "Yellow Jack " at New Berne. 

ADDITIONAL FACTS CONCERNING THE YELLOW FEVER 

EPIDEMIC AT NEW BERNE. 

FROM NOTES FURNISHED BY ASSISTANT SURGEON EDWARD O. COWLES. 

The first case of yellow fever in the original 15th 
Regiment was Sergt. Rogers, Co. B. But the first case 

* The following names should be added to the list recorded in Chap. VII : 
Co. F, Lt. W. W. Thompson, Oct. 29, 1864. Co. H, Henry C. Lord, Sept. 16, 1864. 



238 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEBS. 

was one among a number of men sent us from other 
regiments at the front. This case occurred in June, 
'64, and was under Dr. Cowles' care. The symptoms 
and course of the disease were those of yellow fever; 
and, in order to settle the cjuestion, he made an 
autopsy and called in Dr. Holcombe to see the re- 
sult. The characteristic lesions of yellow fever were 
unmistakably present, and when they were pointed 
out to Dr. Holcombe, he shrugg-ed his shoulders and 

remarked : " We shall catch here before the 

summer is out ! " Dr. Cowles reported the case as 
one of yellow fever to Dr. Hand, Medical Director. 
He sent back the report with the request that the 
diagnosis be changed, as the publication of it would 
create a panic among the soldiers and through the 
Department. Dr. Cowles replied that the diagnosis 
was correct, and, if he doubted it, referred him to 
Dr. Holcombe, who had witnessed the result of the 
autopsy, and who was familiar with the disease, hav- 
ing observed it in Mexico years before. Then came 
an order to change the diagnosis to bilious remittent 
fever, which was not obeyed, on the ground that the 
only value in a report was its truthfulness. Dr. Hol- 
combe's prediction and Dr. Cowles' diagnosis were 
fully verified by subsequent events. 

Capt. Butricks is also correct in this, that " our 
loss was about eight)^ men." In all, there were about 
240 cases. Unless the epidemic is very mild, two- 
thirds saved is a ver}" large percentage. 

Dr. Holcombe's " corps of assistants " consisted of 
Dr. Cowles alone, until the latter was attacked by the 
fever; then, only of a " contract surgeon." As every 
regiment on active duty, or in a severe epidemic, is 
entitled to one surgeon and two assistants, it will 
readily appear that the work of caring for yellow 
fever patients was not easy. 



Hortl] Carolina dimes. 

New Berne, N. C, June 2p, 1S64. 

Such is the title of a newspaper printed on the 
cheapest straw colored wrapping paper possible, in 
the possession of Martin Allen of Co. D. It is pre- 
sented here to give a little idea of the cost of family 
supplies at the time of its issue, in the Confederacy. 
It quotes from the Petersburg Register as follows: 

Columbia, S. C— Beef, $2.50 per pound. Chickens, 

$5.00 each. Flour, seventy-five cents per 

pound. 
Raleigh, X. C — Corn meal, $28.00 per bushel. 
Grenada, Miss. — Hotel charges, $7.00 per day. 
Wilmington, X. C.^Beef, S4-oo per pound. Bacon, 

$4.00 per pound. Butter, $10.00 per 

pound. Eggs, $4.00 per dozen. Flour, 

$160.00 per barrel. Lard, $5.00 per pound. 
Atlanta, Ga. — Flour, $200.00 per barrel. Wheat, $20.00 

per bushel. Bacon, $3.00 per pound. 

Corn, $28.00 per bushel. 
Richmond, Va. — Bacon, $10.00 per poimd. Flour, 

$425.00 per barrel. Beef, $6.00 per pound. 

Eggs, $10.00 per dozen. Butter, $20.00 

per pound. 

RECOLLECTIOXS. 
BY HENRY C. BALDAVIN, CO. H. 

The panorama unfolded to the members of the 15th 
from Camp Terry on Oyster Point, in July, 1862, to 
Grape Vine Point, when finally discharged in July, 
1865, is one that is indelibly impressed on the mem- 
ory of each one who took it in, in its entirety. As 
now, December 2g, 1893, I unroll it again, looking at 



240 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEUS. 

the 1,040 men in full health, boarding that long train 
of cars in the sandy cut that delightful August day, 
how varying the emotions it starts ! At one point I 
am moved to mirth and laughter, as some scene comes 
to my vision that would convulse a funeral procession, 
and again my eyes become misty as the change pre- 
sents some touching incident of suffering and heroism 
worthy the sublimest period of civilization's growth. 

Reading these incidents as I do in the fading light 
of thirty years, I am free to say there were among the 
officers and men of this command, as lofty ideals of 
patriotism and as keen an appreciation of the ludi- 
crous as could be found in any regiment in the service. 

This panorama is only painted on the retina of the 
memories of those who live now and saw it then, so 
that if any choice bits of it either grave or gay are to 
be rescued from the gathering oblivion of years, it 
must be done soon, for time is fast hastening the 
beating of " lights out " in the last tenting place for 
members of the old 15 th C. V. 

As I begin, it seems as if I could write a volume, 
merely of the incidents of those three years stored 
away in the chambers of memory, but I will be 
merciful and only record a few such recollections as 
I feel have escaped the attention of more entertain- 
ing scribes. 

No greener country lad ever put on a corporal's 
uniform than was I when Sergt. H. T. Hoadley and 
myself concluded to be tent-mates about August 25, 
1862, but I had eyes, ears and a fair memory, the 
latter making its daily record of things peculiarly 
pathetic or ludicrous. 



vSome few days after Lincoln's emancipation proc- 
lamation had been made public, and the gloom follow- 
ing the second battle of Bull Run hung like a cloud 
over the nation, Joseph Flynn, a large man in my 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 241 

company was taken sick. We had no hospital and he 
was placed on a bed of straw under a "tent-fly" just 
beyond the officers' quarters. He sent for me and re- 
quested me to write a letter home to his family. He 
dictated a cheerful, hopeful epistle to the " old woman " 
as he called her, and I read it all over to him. He 
thanked me so earnestly and said " I never had no 
chance to learn to write." 

The next day I went to see him again and he was 
delirious. I remained some time to make him com- 
fortable, but the following day he died, and I was 
detailed with two comrades to open a grave. We dug 
it in that gravelly soil, it being the first burial of one 
of our boys in old Virginia. The military burial was 
under the direction of Lieut. Penrose. There were 
many moist eyes as Co. H marched out to the grave 
keeping step to the ''dead march." Three volleys 
were fired over the open grave, and then the com- 
pany returned to quarters to most lively music. This 
first death in camp impressed me more than the hun- 
dred I subsequently witnessed. I have since often 
asked myself " did the old woman get that letter?" 



Everybody knew John Leonard of Co. E, and 
never saw him without thinking of " Whee ye devils," 
for that midnight cry of his often woke up the whole 
camp, causing a few to swear and many to laugh, 
Billy Hogan was of himself sufficient to immortalize 
Co. C, while Co. H had not less than four or five who 
could fill an equal bill in that direction. Paddy 
McAIanus made Co. H as famous as Billy Hogan did 
Co. C, and I could relate a hundred instances where 
he has been the innocent cause of mirth such as never 
was enjoyed outside of camp. Here are a few. 

Soon after we went into winter quarters at Ports- 
mouth, I used to miss from my tent, spoons, knives 
and forks. So one day when I was off duty and the 
16 



242 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEBS. 

re^'iment out on drill, I went into several tents and 
marked considerable tin plate ware " H. C. B." Not 
many days after wjien I went to dinner my spoon was 
missing. I went directly to McManiis' tent and found 
him eating. "Here!" said I, "What are you doing- 
with my spoon?" "I had that spoon from New 
Haven out," replied Pat. I said, " I'll bet my name is 
on it," and taking it, showed him on the under side 
the mark " H. C. B." He gazed at the letters for a 

moment and then exclaimed: " Take it and be d d 

to ve, but I had it from New Haven out." 



One night in the barracks at New Berne, when the 
boys were fast asleep, Pat rose from his bunk very 
quietly and lighted a candle. He then pulled a mess- 
pan out from under his bed nearly full of boiled cab- 
bage. He set the pan on his bunk, took a taste (I was 
in the next bunk and happened to be awake) and then 
softly said to himself, " I'll have some vinegar," and 
suiting the action to the word started for the cook 
house, leaving the cabbage on the bunk. He had 
hardly left the door before Tom Cannon, whose camp 
name was "wharf rat," dropped from his bunk like a 
weasel, ran to the fire-place, filled both hands with 
soot and ashes, stirred it hastily into the cabbage, at 
the same time extinguishing the candle and then 
noiselessly slipped back into his bed. Pat soon re- 
turned whistling, as was his custom, " Och, wher 
is me light," he said, and then added " I'll have me 
cabbage anyway." I distinctly heard the vinegar 
poured on the toothsome vegetable. Then a mouth- 
ful was taken, followed by a spitting sound, immedi- 
ately succeeded by a roar from Pat in these words, " O 

ye gulpins of h , I'll be even with ye for this yet." 

Pat was mad clear through and raved until he woke 
every man in the barrack, and they began to pelt him 
with stale bread which kicked up such a row that 



DEFENSE OF THE UNIOX. , , , 

Serg-t. Hoadley came from his quarters and threatened 
to put us all in the guard house. Order was finally re- 
stored, but Pat continued to mutter over and over 
again "Oh, the gulpins of h ." 

Pat was fond of his pipe and it caused his arrest 
on one occasion. When on guard one day in New 
Berne, he set his musket against the fence and stooped 
down to light his pipe; just as he struck the match 
which he was shielding from the wind with his cap, 
the ofificer of the day rode up. Says Pat, "hould on 
now until I light me pipe and I'll salute ye." 

One night he was on post when the " grand rounds " 
came ; he challenged properly and received the re- 
sponse. I had carefully instructed him what to do 
upon such an occasion, but instead of saying " turn 
out the guard — grand rounds," he stuck his head in 
the guard tent and said "corporal the grand rounds 
is here and wants to see ye." 

I do not know if Pat is on earth or has gone to the 
last great camp ground, but I shall always cherish a 
kindly feeling toward him for the amusement he 
afforded during those vears. 



One cold day in the latter part of November, 1862, 
while we occupied "wSibley tents" at Fairfax Semi- 
nary, Sergt. Burritt took some men and tore down an 
old shed owned by one of the natives, to make a cook 
house, a.nd as a consequence he was put under arrest. 
There was much talk about rigid discipline and all 
that sort of thing, and the subject of who would be 
promoted to Burritt's place was fully discussed in the 
smoky malarial atmosphere of the tall tents. That 
night on dress parade it was expected the fate of the 
bold sergeant would be known. Adjt. Brown looked 
for all the world that night as he took a bunch of 
orders from under his belt, as if he had just stepped 
out of a band-box. He read one document after 



244 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

another, and finally one which reduced Orderly-Sergt. 
Newell F. Burritt to the ranks. There was an ex- 
change of glances sidewise in Co. H, as if to say "I 
told you so." Then Adjt. Brown drew forth another 
order from head-quarters 15th C. V. which promoted 
Private Newell F. Burritt to be Orderly-vSergeant of 
Co. H. in consideration of distinguished services. 
Burritt was a private for just exactly three minutes. 
Thus was discipline maintained and much amusement 
furnished to Co. H. 



While on the march through Maryland, on the way 
to Fredericksburg it snowed one night, and as we broke 
camp the following morning, the sun came out and the 
snow which was lodged in great patches among the pine 
trees began to fall on us and down our necks. Lieut. 
Allen exclaimed as we marched toward the road " I'll 
shoot the first man I hear singing ' I'm Glad I'm in this 
Army.' " That had been a favorite song in the prayer- 
meetings, but as we trudged along in the snow and 
mud I heard no one sing it, but instead the whole 
regiment struck up " Going 'Round the Horn," accom- 
panied by " Kelly's warble " every now and then, 
which served greatly to lighten the weary march. 



In the spring of 1864 when good party men went 
home to Connecticut to vote, creating much angry 
feeling and sadly cracking for the time being disci- 
pline, many things took place which I am perfectly 
willing should be forgotten. When the voters 
returned, nearly all the regiment except the guard, 
was off on a raid to Little Washington. One of our 
boys brought a quart bottle of fine old whiskey for 
Tom Saunders, who loved fire-water better than life. 
The bottle was nicely sealed and put into wSergt. Hoad- 
ley's hands to keep. The second day we concluded to 
sample it and carefully removed the sealing wax. We 



DEFENSE OF THE UmON. 245 

turned out just one-half and filled it up with water. 
We justified our course on the high moral ground that 
whiskey " inundated " would be much better for Saun- 
ders than in the original package. We then carefully- 
sealed the bottle and put it away. The day following 
we repeated the operation. Then there was an 
example in "alligation" to determine just how much 
whiskey there was in the bottle when we delivered it 
to Tom on his return. He took it to his bunk which 
was in a far corner and never offered a sup to mortal 
man. We watched from a distance until he had taken 
the last drop. He sat as if expecting something and 
finally beckoned to Sergt. Beardsley, who approached, 
when Saunders held up the empty bottle and ex- 
claimed " Beasly, I've dronk the full of that bottle 
and I aint staving yet." Tom Saunders' ingenuity 
when directed toward getting fire-water was marvel- 
ous. While we were encamped at Suffolk near the 103d 
N. Y., Saunders was walking one day near the depot 
and saw the surgeon of that regiment near by with 
a canteen swung across his shoulder. Just before he 
reached him Tom dropped on his back a picture of 
agony and began screaming " Oh, the cramps, the 
cramps!" The doctor was soon by his side and at once 
put the canteen to his lips, which Tom frantically 
clung to until he drank it nearly dry. The doctor 
called some teamsters and lifted Tom into the depot 
and laid him down carefully, he all the time keeping 
up a terrible groaning. Then the humane surgeon 
started for an ambulance to remove his patient to the 
hospital, but he was no sooner out of sight than Saun- 
ders jumped up and ran for camp, shouting as he 
reached it, " I got staving drunk off the Dutch doctor," 
and sure enough he had. 



I doubt if there was a man who remained any 
length of time with the regiment who did not know 



246 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICVT VOLUNTEERS. 

" Massa Horn." His ways were unique and his humor 
orig-inal. As I pen these lines how the recollections 
of his doings and sayings come trooping before me ! 

One day he had a peculiarly pious streak on, and 
by the way I think it was Sunday. Some of the boys 
were playing cards and as I remember it was for a 
"twenty-five cent sutler ticket a corner and no limit." 
Mike sought a prominent place and began a sermon. 
His first words were: " Would to God I was a preacher 
that I could talk to ye; here you are with your lives 
in jeopardy every day, and you are cursing, taking the 
name of God in vain. What would your parents say 
if they should hear you cursing and swearing? Oh, 
my heart bleeds for you." At this point a loaf of stale 
bread struck Mike on the side of the head, nearly 
knocking him down, when he turned and exclaimed, 

" Oh, you , etc." He jDoured out such a volume of 

curses on the head of the thrower as would have 
made the "fiddler of Donareal" envious. 

On one occasion when watching a corporal who 
lifted his feet very high when he stepped, Mike re- 
marked: " He always walks like a hen afore day." 



I have often remarked that I was never under fire 
when I did not see something to make me laugh, and 
I presume my experience would be confirmed by most 
soldiers. On the morning of March 8, 1865, when we 
were supporting a section of the battery that was ex- 
changing shots with the guns of the enemy at Kins- 
ton, N. C, a chap named McCourt, a recruit, declared 
he wanted to see what the rebs were about anyway, 
and with that he began to climb a tree just in front of 
Co. H. When he had got up about twenty feet a shell 
came through the top of the tree, making kindling 
wood of it right and left. McCourt let go and dropped 
to the ground amid the laughter and jeers of the 
whole company. A few moments later as Sergt. 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 247 

Beecher of Co. E and myself were lying on our 
knapsacks, another shell struck in the ground by 
Beecher's head, ploughing along by me and explod- 
ing just as it came out, sprinkling both of us with a 
liberal portion of the sacred soil of North Carolina. 
Beecher brushed the dirt out of his eyes and remarked, 
" I guess they are finding out where we are." 



There has been much said about "• civilized war- 
fare." There is no siich thing. War at its best is 
barbarism, and no honest man who ever went over a 
battlefield before the smoke has cleared away and 
has seen what he must see, can doubt the truth of 
Gen. Sherman's remark that "war is hell." 

When driven from our position at the rail fence at 
the battle of Kinston in 1865, I crossed the road on 
the right with a dozen others and attempted to make 
a stand in a clump of pine trees; of the twelve men, 
seven were shot down in less time than I write this 
paragraph. I fired once holding my rifle by the side 
of a tree. One ball pierced my hat and another 
stopped in the tree not far from my nose. I was so 
frightened that I think my hair had elevated ni}- hat 
and it may have been the means of saving my scalp. 
Harmon Johnson of Co. G was standing near and 
raised his gun. but his forehead was that instant 
pierced by a minnie ball. Sergt. wSmith of Co. H fell 
with a ball in his right knee. 

Before I could load my piece after taking that last 
shot, two Enfield rifles with a "gray back" behind 
each were thrust in my face, with the command, 

" you d d Yank, surrender." I remarked, grace- 

fullv as I could in the circumstances, " I think I 
will." I was soon started with two guards toward 
the mill, but slipped away suddenly, resolving to get 
down through to our lines again, and with that in 
view I went directlv back to that very clump of 



24S FIFTEENTH COXXECTICUT VOLUXTEERS. 

trees, and as I was passing, Sergt. Smith said, " Hen, 
for God's sake don't leave me." I stopped and ex- 
amined his wound, when up came another Confede- 
rate, and took me prisoner again. I protested that I 
should stay with my brother, and while we parleyed, 
Gen. Bragg and staff came riding by. I saluted, 
called him by name, and asked if I could not stay 
with my brother, and he replied, '' Yes, and if any 
one disturbs you, tell them you are here by order 
of Gen. Bragg." Later I had a pass given me to 
remain on the field, by a surgeon on Gen. Hoke's 
staff. I then devoted my time to doing what I could 
for our wounded. I had a really fine pen-knife which 
took the eye of one of the young Confederate sur- 
geons, and this I traded with him for a quantity of 
morphine, which I administered to such as needed it 
so long as it lasted. One little Frenchman, of Co. E, 
I found with both hips shattered, and he had endured 
the agony for four long hours, and as he saw me he 
exclaimed, ''Oh, Sergeant, do shoot me, do shoot me." 
I gave him a dose of the blessed pain destroyer, and 
his way to death was made easy. Two hours later I 
looked into his face ; the agonized expression was 
gone, and the poor boy had entered upon his last long 
sleep. Elias Andrews I found was shot through the 
abdomen and Charley Patterson through the stomach. 
I administered a liberal dose of morphine to each, and 
before I left the field, at midnight, both had fallen 
asleep. The hours that day seemed longer than days. 
From about 11 a.m. until an hour past m.idnight I was 
constantly at work helping move the wounded or 
giving temporary dressing to wounds. 

Most of the wounded were gathered in and about 
Dr. Cobb's house. The piazza was covered with men 
who had been placed there when it began to rain. 
Corp. Mandeville I remember as sitting on the floor, 
leaning back against the house; his breast was ex- 
posed, and I saw in it a ghastlv hole, from which 



DEFEXSE OF THE UXIOX. ,49 

blood oozed at every breath. In one of the cabins lav 
Capt. Bassett of Co. A. About eight o'clock I gave him 
a drink of water. I heard some one calling from far off 
in the woods, and I finally prevailed on a Confederate 
soldier to take a stretcher and go with me after the 
sufferer. It seemed a long time before we found the 
sufferer, who proved to be a comrade named Tibbits, 
a drafted Wisconsin recruit. One hip was broken, 
and as he weighed nearly two hundred pounds, it 
really seemed as if we would never get him to Dr. 
Cobb's house; in fact, it was past ten o'clock before we 
did so. I was becoming exhausted, but just then a 
number of baggage wagons came up with orders to 
load in the wounded " Yanks." I assisted in putting 
in nearly all, and it was just one o'clock when I lifted 
Mike Buckley of Co. E and Sergt. Smith of Co. H 
into an old rickety wagon. I rode outside with the 
driver. Just before we were ready to start I paid one 
more visit to the shanty where I left Capt. Bassett, 
and saw him outside, dead, and divested of his uni- 
form. 

Just before I went to the old wagon I took out my 
watch to see the time, and it was near one o'clock: as 
I shut the time-piece a young Confederate approached 
me, and remarked, " I am a surgeon and need a watch 
very much." I said, " Why don't you get one then ? " 
and he replied, "I propose to, and like that one of 
yours." I was getting -hot," but he said, "unless 
you let me have it you can't go with your brother." — 
I heard Smith's voice from the wagon begging me to 
give it to him, which I did with a remark similar to 
the one McManus used when I took the spoon. This 
surgeon said his name was Williams, and that his 
home was in Hartwell, Georgia. He politely handed 
me $100 in Confederate notes, but I replied, "keep 

your d d rags:" but he remarked, "they may be 

useful to you where you are going," so I took them, 
and three or four davs after traded them for biscuits 



250 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

and fried eggs, which were much relished by the 
wounded. Ten dollars would buy two biscuits and 
one fried &gg. 

The ride from the old mill to the village of Kin- 
ston was a fearful trip for the wounded, and how one 
of them survived it I can't understand. Every jolt 
brought a chorus of groans from the poor fellows 
with broken arms and legs. I suppose we were not 
more than an hour on the road, but it seemed an age. 
When we arrived at Kinston I was directed to an 
old store-house already crowded with the dead and 
wounded from both armies. The only means of light- 
ing it was by a few bits of tallow candles. Sleep for 
me was out of the question, though finally I lay down 
exhausted, and for a time was lost in dreams. When I 
started up the sunshine was just streaming in. May 
such a sight never again be presented to man. I saw 
among those crowded on the floor Maj. Osborn, who 
greeted me with a cheery "good morning." It was 
remarkable how men with shattered limbs and great 
gaping wounds could forget their agony in sleep. 
Only a few feet from where I reclined lay a Georg- 
ian soldier talking incoherently, with a bullet hole 
through his head, from which the brains were oozing. 
As the full day came in, men lying in their blood, 
and whose every motion was torture, actually be- 
came cheerful, and joked each other as they com- 
pared wounds. All distinction of Blue and Gray was 
dropped in that room that morning, and when the 
Confederate surgeon came to begin his work he 
seemed lost in humanity. He called me to his assist- 
ance in administering chloroform when he began to 
amputate, and finally he had me use the trenchelum 
in taking up the arteries as he put the keen knife 
through the quivering flesh of an arm or leg. My 
face was repeatedly sprayed with blood while thus 
engaged. I did not keep count of the amputations, 
but there were many, and for five hours that surgeon 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. ,51 

worked at his humane task without halting, and then 
he asked me to '• have a snack " with him. " 

The meal consisted of biscuits and bacon, and 
though the biscuits were hard and tough, no epicure 
ever relished a feast more than I did that, eaten 
though it was in the midst of all that suffering. 

Toward night there was a sudden commotion. 
Oi?icers were hurrying to and fro, and soon orders 
came to move all the wounded to a train of box cars 
that stood on the track not far away. It seemed to 
me little short of downright murder, but at it I went, 
lifting the poor fellows into the old baggage wagons 
and then into the filthy cars, and not until after 8 
o'clock was the last sufferer loaded. That night was 
one of unutterable horror. There was no light in 
the cars, and before the train reached Goldsboro, it 
stopped and started at least twenty times, and at 
every start a jerk was given that sent a thrill of 
agony from one end of the train to the other. In the 
car where I was I could distinctly hear the broken 
bones grate at such times. I felt as if I would shoot 
the engineer if I could, for it seemed to me he did 
it from sheer cruelty. 

It was about two o'clock on the morning of the 
loth when we arrived at Goldsboro. Two wagons 
were sent to the train to take the wounded to the old 
Fair-ground building, some distance from the track. 
After assisting in getting off several loads, the men 
who had been sent to help me disappeared, and from 
the last two cars I, without assistance from any one. 
lifted every man into the wagons, and then from the 
wagons to the building, and as I carried the last one 
in, the first red streaks of morning came straggling 
in through the cracks of the barn-like structure. I 
sat down by the side of Smith, leaned my head 
against a board and slept for just an hour. To de- 
scribe each individual case in that room as I found it. 
would fill a volume, for there were at least 100 men 



252 FIFTEEXTII CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

either suffering from woiinds or in the delirium of 
fever. Close to where I had sat down lay Kearney of 
Co. I, badly wounded in the side, but when I awoke he 
was dead. His body lay there until after noon, when I 
got a teamster to help me move it out doors. That en- 
tire room was left by the Confederate surgeon for me 
to attend to, and I went to work dressing the wounds 
as best I could. I gave Major Osborn my first atten- 
tion. His wound I did not regard as dangerous, and 
after dressing it, I filled his big pipe, lit it, and he 
puffed away on it cheerfully as could be. Next to 
the Major lay Lieut. Bishop, who was paralyzed from 
his shoulders down. In dressing his wound he com- 
plained of pain on the opposite side from where the 
ball entered, and making an examination, I found the 
missile just under the skin. I called a surgeon, who 
made a slight incision, and removed the ball, hand- 
ing it to Bishop. Osborn remarked, " Bish', you are 
better than ten dead men now," whereat both smiled. 
Sometime during the day Col. Tolles and several of 
the line officers came under a guard, and were per- 
mitted to talk a little while with the sufferers. I 
shook hands with them at the door, and promised to 
do all in my power to relieve the suffering of the 
comrades, and I sacredly kept this promise. Just as 
they disappeared I heard guns booming away to the 
south, and I knew it meant wSchofield was coming. 

Among the wounded was Corporal Allen of the 
17th Mass., and I can't resist recording this incident: 
I saw a Confederate soldier pull a $10 greenback, 
stained with blood, from his pocket, on the field at 
Kinston. The poor fellow had one hip badly shat- 
tered, and so high up that amputation was not pos- 
sible. I dressed his wound as well as I could. In 
the afternoon a Confederate surgeon came in to in- 
spect my work. Corporal Allen asked him to look 
at his wound, and I took off the bandages. "Well, 
doctor, what do vou think of mv chances ?" "Young- 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 253 

man," said the doctor, "you may live two days, not 
longer at the most." " Well," replied Allen, - I am 
much obliged. I wanted the truth." I did up the 
wound again, and then he asked if I would fill and 
light my pipe for him, which I did. He puffed a 
moment on the pipe, and then said, " Will j-ou write 
to my wife. Amy J. Allen, New Bedford, Mass., and 
say to her I died a soldier ?— that's all." This boy 
was only twenty-two years of age, but as ardent with 
love for his country as was Nathan Hale. 

During the forenoon of the nth, Burke of Co. G 
died from lock-jaw as I held his head on my arm 
trying to pry open his teeth, to force some brandy 
down his throat. His arm had been amputated at 
the shoulder. 

The weather had become cold and there was not 
covering enough for one-half the men, and one of the 
wounded pulled off the blanket I had spread over poor 
Burke's body and wrapped it around himself. Teams 
came suddenly with orders to load in the officers and 
all privates able to be moved. I found the surgeon 
and implored him to have the order delayed, but it 
was of no avail. I felt sure Gen. Schofield's force 
would free us in twent)^-four hours or more if we 
remained where we were. Maj. Osborn, Lieut. Bishop 
and many others were loaded into the wagons and it 
was my last farewell to them, for they were all carried 
away to the Salisbury prison-pen. Two davs later I 
found myself in the little Masonic hall at High Point, 
N. C, with the following persons all badly wounded: 
Lieut. -Col. Bartholomew, 27th Mass.: Corp. Shoals, 
same regiment; Sergt. Snell, 17th Mass.; Sergt. Smith, 
Co. H; Johnson, Co. E; Privates McDonald, Co. I and 
Gavin, Co. C. 

A Confederate surgeon informed me that I was 
expected to take care of all these, and that he would 
come now and then and see how we got along. Some 
of the wounded required attention every hour, and 



254 FIFTEENTH CONXECTIUUT VOLUNTEERS. 

bandages were so scarce I had to wash them out and 
use them over and over again. I worked night and 
day at my task until March 25, and never once un- 
dressed or lay down to sleep; all the rest I took from 
March Sth to the 25th was sitting with my head 
against the wall and never over an hour at a time. 
The only light I had at night was composed of a dish 
of grease with a rag in it lighted. On the night of 
the 25th of March, I informed the doctor that I was 
nearly played out and must have help. Sergt. Smith 
was failing fast and Johnson of Co. E had suffered 
from a bad hemorrhage from the wound in his 
shoulder and in consequence was very weak. About 
ten o'clock I tried to rise and get the dish of water to 
wet the bandages, but was unable to do so. I crawled 
to the fire-place, lit my rag and worked round the 
room on my hands and knees and attended to each 
wound. Johnson was the last, and as I tried to fix 
the bandage he gave a scream and a purple stream 
shot from the wound in the shoulder, deluging the 
blankets. I gathered what strength I had and 
wrapped a bandage round that shoulder as tight as I 
could, and then the room spun with me like a top and 
I was lost in darkness. On the morning of April nth 
I woke hearing someone pounding. I tried to think 
where I was and how I came there. I made an effort 
to raise my head, it would not move. Then I heard a 
kindly voice say: "Give him a spoonful of this every 
half hour. He will live or die to-day." I had come 
back to life and knew where I was. I was in the ante- 
room of the hall on a straw bed. I spoke and Dr. B. 
F. Smallwood, Confederate that he was, came to me 
and said in a gentle tone, " keep quiet, you have been 
very sick." No man ever more tenderly nursed a 
brother back to life than he did me. He sat by me 
for hours the next few days, and his wife would fre- 
quently take his place in watching and tenderly 
administering medicine and nourishment and as a 



DEFENSE OF THE UNIOX. 255 

result, in a week I could talk and eat. Smith and 
Johnson had both died, but all the rest were getting- 
on nicely. Shoals and Garvin were each minus a leg-, 
but managed to get around with the aid of some im- 
provised crutches. The next few days went quicklv 
by, for the people came in to see us and seemed 
anxious to treat us kindly. A Confederate brought 
Col. Bartholomew's sword to him, which was taken 
at Kinston. 

I will pass over the time which intervened until 
the first week in May when our little partv arrived 
together at New Berne. Here Col. B. met his wife 
"who had come down from Massachusetts to find his 
body. At this point we separated, and from that day 
to this I have never met any of that party. I was 
oflfered then three months' extra pay and my dis- 
charge, but declined, and asked to be sent to my regi- 
ment at Kinston, and May 7th found me again among 
the boys I went out with, and whom I wanted to go 
home with. 

If these hastily written sketches shall prove of 
interest to some old comrade, or tend to deepen a 
sense of true patriotism in the mind of any reader, 
I shall feel the time used in this work is not entirely 
lost. I recall with great satisfaction my three years' 
companionship with the officers and men of the 15th 
C. v., and in it all there is no sting of malice or bit- 
terness, and with this, comrades, accept my salute. 

A VISIT TO FREDERICKSBURG, VA., IN 1892. 
[From the New Haven /ourfi a/ atid Courier, August 25.] 

Following is the first installment of the highly 
interesting paper read at the reunion of the old 15th 
C. v., in Milford yesterday by Sheldon B. Thorpe of 
North Haven, the regiment's historian. 

It is said of the Rev. Dr. Cooke, a celebrated 
Presbyterian preacher, when upon the occasion of 



256 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

the dedication of a small church in the country he 
was asked to suggest a suitable inscription to be 
placed over the main door, advised the use of these 
words: " This is not a barn." 

In something- of the same spirit I think I may pre- 
face what I shall say with the declaration: This is 
not a romance! It relates to the plain, matter-of-fact 
visit which Lieut. S. F. Linsley and the speaker paid 
to Fredericksburg, Va., last September. 

Wherever else the 15th Conn, may have marched, 
and on whatever other spots pitched its tents — or 
staid without any— there are two localities which be- 
long in the front rank. These are Fredericksburg and 
Kinston. We shall always associate these towns 
where, in the first place, we weren't gobbled and 
might have been, and, in the second case, we were 
gobbled and mightn't have been. There were various 
other points of dissimilarity, but as it is Virginia to- 
d^y, instead of North Carolina, let us drop the latter 
and turn to Fredericksburg. 

I suppose at least one-half, perhaps more of you, 
visited Washington last vSeptember and saw for the 
first time since December i, 1862, Arlington heights 
and the adjacent country. Some of you visited our old 
camp ground — Camp Chase. It looked familiar 
(although one comrade said he only remembered 
where the "guardhouse" stood). As we wandered 
over the old site and one and another spoke of some 
incident of those days, I noticed that some of the 
more gray-headed ones became strangely quiet and 
thoughtful. Nearly half the average life of man has 
passed since we filed into that field that hot afternoon 
in August, T862. Who could help recalling those 
days. Their experiences were new; they made more 
forcible impressions than many perhaps really more 
significant, which came later in our career. 

Long Bridge looked like an old friend, and so did 
the " guard-quarters " at the west end, where we spent 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. ,57 

so many happy (?) days and nights. Forts Albany 
and Jackson had disappeared, it is true, but when we 
were told that their heavy earth walls had been 
wrought into millions of brick for homes for the peo- 
ple we felt consoled. Truly " the sword had gone to 
be a ploughshare." 

Fort Runyon, with its fever-ridden sentry post, 
had also vanished in the march of time, and there was 
not even the smell of commissary whiskey in the air 
where it once stood. But men, the plain, that plain 
over which we were so frequently trotted during the 
hottest days of the fall, on battalion or brigade drill, 
or for review, la}^ there serene as ever. Oh, yes ! 
The boys knew that field. They could point out the 
identical spot where we stood the afternoon " Augus- 
tus " was sent for "the blue book" to disentangle us 
from the snarl into which we had fallen, and also that 
other place where we were so passionately asked by 

our commander, "Why in the battalion didn't 

move." 

But we are not to go into camp this afternoon at 
this place. We must hurry on to the Rappahannock. 

Linsley and myself did not move toward this place 
over the same cold, stormy route through " My Mary- 
land " that we took in 1862, but in a comfortable car 
rattling along the banks of the Potomac, until a sud- 
den curve of the railroad swung us away from the 
river and led through woods, swamps and cuts, a 
little below Falmouth. We wanted to go via Acquia 
Creek, to see if we could discover the axe the quarter- 
master lost there, or Frank Mosher's ration of mo- 
lasses, but could not find the time. A few minutes 
later and we were crossing the railroad bridge built 
on the same piers we saw standing naked and black- 
ened in the river in 1862. 

We passed the battered old mill on the bank with 
its water-wheel exposed now as then, and were landed 
at the depot just across Carolina street, where we lay 

17 



258 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEEIiS. 

on our arms (or those did who didn't steal beds from 
the houses) the first night we crossed into the city in 
1862. 

No time was wasted in getting down to business, 
and though a fine rain was falling, we started out. 
The city has changed but little. The old uneven 
sidewalks have not been graded, the streets are un- 
paved, the box shrubbery grows in the front 3^ards, 
the houses are dingy, the outbuildings have a decrepit 
appearance. Nobody appeared at the front doors to 
welcome us any more than in 1862, and so I am un- 
able to state whether changes have been going on in 
the interiors of the houses or not. It seems reason- 
able to conclude that some of the citizens must have 
purchased new" furniture at least — or else gone with- 
out any. 

We saw a number of the inhabitants, but none of 
them appeared to recognize us. We did learn, how- 
ever, that there was a person living there hopelessly 
insane, who was made so at the time of our first visit, 
and this was the man whom Bill Nichols met. It 
seems that Nichols, in common with one or two others 
of the regiment, had entered a house to borrow^ a fine 
tooth comb. Bill was rumaging around, so the story 
goes, and had found a dozen eggs, when suddenl)^ 
a man (the owner) appeared before him. Nichols 
rushed for him, caught his hand, and began to shake 
heartily. " Glad to see you," says Bill, " glad to see 
you. Your name is perfectly familiar to me, but I 
can't recall your face. I am looking for a hen to set 
these eggs under." It is said that the man was so 
overcome by Bill's cheek that he fled out of that 
house a howling idiot, and has remained so ever 
since. 

The gas works carry on business at the old site, 
and the vacant lots in its vicinity indicate very little 
anxiety to build upon them. It is certain no real 
estate boom has yet struck that quarter of the city 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 359 

m which we were temporarilj^ located. The narrow, 
sunken road that led from the west end of the pon- 
toon bridge and np which we filed into the city had 
not changed. The river bank where we lay and 
" cursed " the Dutch gunners on the opposite heights 
because of their imperfect ammunition, was as natu- 
ral and attractive (?) as when we were stretched out 
upon it. The heights on the Union side showed in 
many places where the cannon were planted which 
hammered the city so relentlessly. The old gunboat 
wreck had long ago made some junk man happv, and 
the river rolled along swollen and yellow. 

We looked diligently for traces of the "cracker 
boxes" in which Companies D and I carried sand so 
carefully upon the pontoon bridge the night we re- 
treated, but none were found. We thought we saw 
the spot where Captain Hubbard stood that night 
when he told Major Crosb}^, of General Wilcox's staff, 
to go to that place which Chaplain Miller was em- 
ployed to keep the men out of, but it may be we were 
mistaken. ' 

From this point we turned to the rear of the city, 
or "towards the front," as we knew it in 1862. Here 
we were not so certain about our old positions. Con- 
siderable change had taken place in the lay-out of 
the fields, and unfamiliar fences confused us. We suc- 
ceeded but imperfectly in locating the meadows over 
which we moved in line of battle toward the evening 
of the 13th, or the low bluff behind which we lay 
down at the time Adjutant Brown became so excited 
about our welfare. A comrade from Company A 
located the right of the regiment as resting near the 
railroad bridge. Assuming such was the case, we 
saw the long blue line stretching well down the 
meadow, and half of it (left wing) lying more or 
less in the water and the swamp. 

The city has extended in small measure toward 
Marye's Heights and along the Government road 



2 6o FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

leading to the National cemetery. This road is a 
solid bit of work, though lacking in width to make 
it attractive. It leads from Carolina street up to the 
cemetery. The latter enclosure is a well kept place. 
On its eastern slope is the famous "sunken road." 
To enter this burial place is to get a new idea of 
what it cost to cross that narrow river, and but for 
being held " in reserve " during the fight, some of us 
might be sleeping there to-day. 

But we cannot wait longer in the city or on the 
field. I observe many of you are impatient to cross 
to the east bank and get to housekeeping at " Camp 
Mud " once more. 

Our experiences in finding the choice little spot 
we called "home" for a couple of months, included a 
personal examination of a large part of all the terri- 
tory between the Potomac and Rappahannock rivers, 
that is, it seemed so. Starting in at the head of that 
ravine down which we marched and in which we 
halted when first coming under fire of the rebel bat- 
teries, and where Thompson was killed, we strvick 
directly back into the country along a road we felt 
sure would land us in about an hour (as Linsley 
walks) on the blissful spot. 

But it didn't do anything of the kind. We skir- 
mished up every hill, and poked through every hol- 
low, but the camp didn't materialize. We reckoned 
we had "advanced back" at least four miles when 
the highway itself suddenly faded out. Clearly then, 
we were on no road to Acquia Creek. We inquired at 
every cabin we saw — scratched our backs on barbed 
wire fences, showed our legs to an innumerable num- 
ber of dogs — but with no results except to confirm 
the growing impression in our minds that two fools 
had got lost in Virginia. 

It was at length told us at one of the miserable 
dwellings on the way that on the road toward " Belle 
Plain " we would find an elderly man who lived in the 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 261 

vicinity during the war. This "simon pure" native 
we were further informed would be found digging a 
grave. This last bit of information was hopeful to 
us, and perhaps to the deceased also, in whose inter- 
ests the grave was being dug, for taking into con- 
sideration the lonesomeness of the country, it seemed 
to our Northern eyes as if anybody would be far hap- 
pier under the soil than he could possibly be on it. 

We launched out in the direction indicated, and 
after half-an-hour's further survey, found our man. 
He was busy with half a dozen others in hollowing 
out of the stony ground a last resting place for a 
neighbor. The spot was under a clump of trees in a 
corner of a pasture on a hill. We did not see the 
tenant who was to occupy this narrow home. She 
was an old lady who lay in an adjoining dwelling, 
and had spent her long life within a few rods of 
where she was soon to be buried. It was the old, old 
story being repeated, and as I saw how rude and poor 
the people seemed, and how her coffin would be, quite 
likely, home-made, and perhaps no clergyman pres- 
ent (for we nowhere saw signs of a church), and how 
barren of those deft little touches that go to soften 
this sad service in New England would be that rite, I 
thought the boys who were buried in their blankets 
on the distant heights, after all had the best of it. 
Theirs is " Fame's eternal camping ground; " her's is 
a lonely, neglected fence corner. 

We discovered in our informant one who remem- 
bered somewhat of the battle, though it did not ap- 
pear he was as greatly interested in it as we were. 
We learned our course was set too far south, and that 
the portion of the army which crossed at Acquia 
Creek came over what was known as the " White Oak 
Road." This thoroughfare lay from one to two miles 
farther north. Indicating with his hand in a general 
direction a patch of woods on a distant hill, we were 
told to ''git by thar," and it would be found. It 



262 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

proved as he said. After half an hour throti'^h 
swamps, along- hills, over fields where the weeds 
stood shoulder high, we " got by thar," and came 
out on a clean, well - traveled highway. We had 
struck the " White Oak Road," sure, but whereabouts 
by its side was the site of our ancient camp was as 
much an uncertainty as ever. Every foot of ground 
was carefully examined for a long distance, and 
though we fancied at one time we had found a loca- 
tion which answered the requirements, still there 
was a lingering doubt after all, whether the ground 
was historic for us. 

It was full of associations for somebody, as every 
rod of it showed traces of camps, and many a lad be- 
sides those from Connecticut had a squatter's lien on 
that soil. Luckily came rattling along the road a 
gray-haired old fellow, once a resident of New Eng- 
land, whom we "held up " for information. 

"Do you remember Burnside's army in 1862?" 

"Yes." 

" Do you know where it lay ? " 

"Yes; all around here." 

"Did you know any Connecticut regiments?" 

"No." 

" Do you know where the pontoon train lay the 
night before the battle?" 

" Yes." 

"Can you take us there?" 

"Yes; get in." 

Our spirits rose — that is, metaphorically — (Linsley 
won't have any other.) Both felt the moment our 
eyes rested on the slope along which that December 
afternoon the pontoons were gathered, we would be 
saved. And so it proved. A ride of fifteen minutes 
back into the country and then the whole picture 
flashed upon us. The woods, the plains, the hills, the 
hollows, were again peopled with armed hosts; their 
camp-fires made the heavens dim and their drums beat 



DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 263 

the old familiar " calls." Our regiment seemed to be 
passing again with its full ranks through the camps 
on each side and we heard the hearty welcomes : 
"Hurrah for the 15th Conn.!" "Glad to see you, 
boys ! " " Three cheers for old Connecticut ! " and 
other like exclamations which then made every man 
of us proud that he had come from the old nutmeg 
state. 

Let me turn back in reality to that day and recall 
an actual incident. Of the thousands who greeted us 
as we passed along to the front I remember one who 
expressed his surprise at our appearance somewhat 
differently from his comrades, at least he was more 
pointed in his remarks, for slowly steadying himself 
on a pair of rather treacherous legs, he inquired of 
the speaker with great astonishment, " What part of 
h did you fellers come from ? " 

As it was no time to teach him geography, he was 
left in ignorance. 

The landscape Linsley and myself looked up re- 
called a thousand things. None of you could revisit 
that place and not find the past coming up as a flood. 
There are memories stored away with you all which 
only need a word, a glimpse to resurrect them. 

But we had more in view than to dwell in the past, 
and reluctantly turned our backs on the scene. Some- 
thing like a mile perhaps beyond where the pontoons 
lay, we found at last the object of our search — " Camp 
Mud." There was no mistake about the spot. It lay 
there, the most innocent looking piece of ground you 
ever saw, dressed up as a corn field and the stalks 
bowing and waving us a welcome. From right to left 
there was the easy slope— the ravine in the rear— the 
bluff opposite it and the woods beyond. In the front 
was the same large field where we did battalion drill 
and had dress parades, now a fine and well kept 
meadow. In some places the bushes of then, were the 
trees of now, but in the main, the contour of the 



264 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

country had but little changed since Burnside's hosts 
tramped over its face and burrowed in its bosom. No 
new buildings had been erected, but a few fences here 
and there appeared to have been replaced. Nature 
had been noiselessly busy thirty years healing and 
softening the wounds and scars men made in as many 
days. To the stranger there was nothing to indicate 
that a great army once swarmed there — that it crossed 
vonder river — that it showed bravery on those heights 
that no Shiloh. no Lookout mountain, no Gettysburg, 
no field anywhere can overtop — that it left dead 
nearly 13,000 on the field — that it returned here 
beaten, baffled, decimated, lashed by the storm and 
chilled by the wind, yet with every color saved. 

The evidences of our occupation had not entirely 
disappeared. Old cups, pieces of canteens, fragments 
of kettles, buckles, iron hoops, bits of glass (particu- 
larly in Co. C's street), rusty nails, and other memor- 
ials were freely scattered abotit. No traces of the 
stockade sides of our cellars could be discovered, how- 
ever, as was the case at a camp some distance back. 
Nor did we see anything of the horses some of our 
fellows rode after we returned from the battle. Lins- 
ley was of the opinion that samples of the "hard- 
tack " issued, might be dug up still whole and sound 
if one had time to look for them, and he unblushmgly 
declared he could still smell in the air the odor of 
that cheese the sutler had for sale at Christmas time. 

Comrades, pardon this rambling account, but let 
me add in closing, that neither my comrade nor 
myself regretted as we left that camp-ground, one 
moment we had spent or one step we had taken to 
find it. We shall never see it again, nor Kinston, nor 
Suffolk, nor New Berne, but if there be any comrade 
here who has any longing to go over these routes, 
and stop on the old fields again, do it, do it, don't 
delay, and God speed you. 



CHAPTER XV 



CATTALOGUK 

OF THE 

Fifteenth Infantry Regiment 

CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 



Clustered, into United. States Sei-vice Aug. 25, 1S62. 
Xlvistered out of United. States Service June '2~, 1865. 



REPRINTED FROM THE CON'XECTICUT RECORD OF 1889, 
WITH ADDITIONAL NOTES TO JANUARY i, 1804. 



ABBREX 

Adj Adjutant. 

Ap. Appointed. 

Art ArtUlen,-. 

Batt Battalion. 

Cap Captured. 

Capt Captain. 

Co Company. 

Corp Corporal. 

Des Deserted. 

Dis Disability. 

Disc Discharged. 

Fur Furlough. 

Lt Lieutenant. 

Maj Major. 



M. o. Clustered out. 

Muse Musician. 

Must Mustered. 

Par Paroled. 

Priv Private. 

Pro Promoted. 

Red Reduced. 

Reg Regiment. 

Resgd Resigned. 

Serg Sergeant. 

Trans Transferred. 

TT c (- T * Tuited States 

' ' Colored Infantry. 
U. S. N United States Xaxy. 

V. R.C -j Veteran 

' Reserve Corps. 

Wd Wounded. 



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CHAPTER XVI. 

THE NEW BERNE MONUMENT. 

The followitig illustration represents the memo- 
rial about to be erected by the Regimental Associa- 
tion in the National Cemetery at New Berne, N. C, 
in honor of their comrades buried in that enclosure. 
[See 26th reunion, page 173]. 

The monument is of Barre granite. Its bottom 
base is five feet square and fifteen inches high; the 
second base, three feet nine inches square and seven- 
teen inches high; while the die is three feet square and 
five feet six inches high. Total height of monument 
a little more than eight feet. The design was adopted 
at a largely attended mid-winter meeting of the Asso- 
ciation, held in Meriden, and the construction of the 
work was awarded to the New England Granite Co., 
under the supervision of the Quartermaster-General 
of the State. 

This memorial fitly tells its purpose at a glance. 
In addition to the designs and inscription appears 
the following legend upon the face: 

To THE Men 

Who Died of Yellow Fever 

IN 1864, 

And Those Who Fell in Action 

BEFORE KiNSTON, 

March 8, 1865. 

Here follows a list of those still sleeping in New 
Berne cemetery,* and in whose honor the regiment 



* A few bodies were removed North at the close of the war. The names <>f such 
do not appear, but may be found on pages 77-78. It is not known at this writing 
that those buried on the field at Kinston have ever been iiiDVcd. 



' l\ 




S? CQHN.VQLS. 



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I5Til CONN. MONUMENT, NEW liKKNE, N. C. 



THE DEFENSE OF THE UNIOX. 

raises this memorial. Strictly speaking-, not all can 
be said to have died of yellow fever, but of the vari- 
ous diseases of camp and hospital. 



Brown, Charles C. 
Redfield, Willis, 



co:mpaxy a. 



Uhl, William * 
Williams, Robert O.- 



COMPANY B. 



Burwell, J. Henry, 
Crandall, Dudley W., 
Culver, Henry, 
Hawley, Edmond J., 

Belhvood, Theodore, 
Bracken, Timothy, 
Deane, George, 
Johnson, Edward, 
Reynolds, Garrett H. 



Andrews, Sidney ]\I., 
Baker, John, 
Curtiss, Henry L., 
Devine. Patrick, 
Hammond, Joseph, 
Healej-, Thomas, 

Baldwin, Chauncey S. 
Bosart, Pedro, 
Boyle, Charles A., 
Goulding, John, 



Baker, James R., 
Beach, Lyman A. , 
Carpenter, Franklin S., 
Cook, Alvah J., 
Crowley, Daniel, 



Miller, Christian, 
Reynolds, Elliott, 
Smith, Cornelius R. — 7. 



COMPANY C. 



Reynolds, John, 
Sperry, Henry E., 
Striby, Amos, 
Sturgess, Joseph A.— 9. 



COMPANY D. 



Lines, James R., 
Ongermach, John, 
Petto, Rotheus, 
Story, John O., 
AVade, Charles T.— 11 



COMPANY E. 



Hull. Ellsworth H., 
Hansen, Conrad, 
Parsons, Prescott M.. 
White, Samuel U.— S. 



COMPANY F. 



Forde, John, 
Hull, Sylvanus A., 
Kenney, Alvin, 
Robinson, George E., 
Rancorn, Joseph— jo. 



* Died from wounds received at the battle of Kinston, N. C. 



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-^6 FIFTEENTH CONNEUTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

party firmly to the support of the administration at Washington, 
in its eiTorts to preserve the Union. 

• Commissioned by Gov. Buckingham as Lieutenant-Colonel of 
the 14th Conn., in the summer of [862, he was promoted within a 
few weeks to the command of the 15th Conn., in which capacity 
he led this regiment until his resignation in 1863. In Chapter 
XIV will be found a reference to the circumstances which chanced 
to deny him the General's star. Upon his return to civil pursuits 
he was appointed commissioner on the board of enrollment for the 
Second Congressional District, and also in the same year he was 
again elected to the General Assembly. Shortly after he removed 
his practice to New Haven where the same personal characteris- 
tics which had brought him to the front in Meriden, made him the 
recipient of nearlv all the political honors that the city of New 
Haven cfiuld bestow. 

Col. "Wright afterwards served the state again as member of 
the General Assembly m 18S2, when he was elected speaker, serv- 
ing as such in the first session in the new capitol at Hartford. He 
died in 18S6 at New Haven in the 66th year of his age. 

Col. Wright married Maria H. Phelps, of Windsor, Conn., in 
February, 1848. Six children were born to them, of whom four 
survive. It is by the courtesy of his son, Arthur B. Wright, a 
lawyer in New York City, that his portrait and this biography is 
furnished. 



COL. CHARLES L. UPHAM, 
15TH Conn. Vols. 

(See Portrait, page 90). 

Charles L. Upham is by birth a Green Mountain boy, and was 
born in Townshend, Vt., May 24, 1839. At the commencement of 
the Rebellion he was living in Meriden, Conn,, and enlisted as a 
private in Co. B, 3d Conn. Vols, April 25, 1861. He was chosen 
ist Sergeant of his company, and as such served the three months' 
term, being mustered out August 12, 1861. 

The 8th Conn, was already in contemplation by Gov. Bucking- 
ham when the 3d Conn, arrived home, and Sergt. Upham soon 
opened a recruiting office for it. He received a commission as 
Captain of Co. K, September 18, 1S61, and in October went to the 
front with his command. For excellency in soldierly conduct in 
general, and for special gallantry at the battles of Antietam and 
Fredericksburg, Capt. Upham was promoted to be Major of his 
regiment, December 23, 1S62, and Lieutenant-Colonel, March 9, 
1S63. He was wounded at the battle of New Berne, N. C, March 



THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 

14, 1S62, and was also temporarily placed in command of the i6th 
Conn after the battle of Antietam and until the engagement at 
Fredericksburg. 

His last promotion was to the Colonelcy of the 15th Conn.. 
April 18, 1863. This was during the memorable siege of Suffolk' 
Va., and his coming gave brilliancy and prestige to the regiment! 
Col. Upham was every inch a soldier and a fighter. Had hi.s 
brigade been properly supported at Kinston, no such disaster 
would have overtaken our forces as Gen. Carter was alone respon- 
sible for. 

With the muster out of his regiment in 1S65. Col. Upham 
returned to Meriden, and later in that year organized the dry 
goods business house of Ives, Upham & Rand, one of the most 
successful institutions of Meriden to-day. 

Col Upham has been twice married, first to Emily L. Clark, 
who died in 1864, and second to Elizabeth L. Hall. He was 
elected Mayor of Meriden, 1872-3, and has received other proofs 
of cijnfidence and esteem fi-om his fellow-citizens. 



COLONEL vSAMUEL TOLLES. 

(See Portrait, page iS). 

Samuel Tolles was born in West Haven, Conn., 1S17. When 
quite a young man he entered the employ of Benjamin W. Stone, 
a prominent tailor of New Haven, and learned that trade. Shortly 
after, he set up business for himself in the old Franklin building 
on Church street, where the Hoadley block now stands, and 
r€;mained there until his enlistment in 1862. His long connection 
as an officer and worker with that superb military organization 
the New Haven Grays, peculiarly fitted him for the position 
offered by Gov. Buckingham, in the 15th Conn. Col. Tolles was 
not the handsome, dashing, electrifying field officer that novelists 
and historians hold up as saviors of countries and kingdoms, 
but rather of an undemonstrative nature, cool, self-possessed, fear- 
less and humane. 

Upon muster out of service with his regiment in iSi>s. he 
resumed his old pursuit, continuing for twenty years, or until 
1S85, when he retired from business to accept an appointment in 
the New Haven custom house. 

Col. Tolles was well known as an Odd Fellow tlimugiiout the 
state, being at one time Grand Master. He was also a member 
of Wooster Lodge F. and A. M. Hi- .lie- 1 Januiny ij. iSS.). 



338 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 



MAJOR ELI WALTER OSBORN. 

(See Portrait, page 44). 

Eli Walter Osborn was born in New Haven, July 27, 1834. His 
parents were Walter Osborn — ^formerly an officer of the New 
Haven Grays— and Mary Jane Remer. His remote ancestor was 
Jeremiah Osborn, one of the original grantees of the town of 
New Haven. 

Like nearly all of the young men of his time, he was educated 
at the Lancasterian School, which he attended until the summer 
of 1849, when his parents, with their young family, removed to 
Milwaukee, Wis. This region was then in an undeveloped state, 
and in a condition to at once attract and develop the active and 
adventurous disposition of the boy. Nothing appealed to him as 
did the wild condition about him in the suburbs of Milwaukee. 
When not in school, to wander in the woods and encamp there, 
was a source of unlimited pleasure to him. 

In the spring of 1S53 the family returned to New Haven, when 
young Osborn began his business life with his father and uncle, 
the late Edward T. Stanley, in the retail coal trade upon Long- 
Wharf. In 1855 he joined the Grays and was ever afterwards a most 
enthusiastic soldier. This branch of his life was very real and 
important to him, and he became an ardent student of tactics. He 
was soon a warrant officer and the most rigorous of drill-masters. 
A musket in his hands would rattle and move as though he had 
imparted his energy to it. The recruits who fell into his hands 
felt they were not playing at soldiering; it was work for them. 
Many a member of the Grays who afterwards became a trusted 
■officer in Connecticut's regiments, acknowledged the benefits of 
liis instruction. His book of tactics was the most important vol- 
ume in his library. In target practice he was a prime shot. In 
those days the guns were loaded in the field from an open keg of 
powder, by the company armorer, who at that time was the well- 
known humorist. Bill Bishop. He it was who reprimanded the 
members for coming too near the latently quiet little barrel with 
their lighted cigars, saying: "Boys, you must keep away from 
here with those cigars, — this powder has been afire now two or 
three times." 

When the llrst thrill of war was felt, he was Captain of the 
Grays, and though he seemed to feel in every nerve the reality of 
the step, was among the most zealous to urge the acceptance by 
the State of the company's services. Many a New Havener will 
remember the fine appearance of the Grays, as with ranks stretch- 
ing from curb to curb, they gave a company parade before their 



THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 

embarkation to the front with the 2d Regiment That line of 
serious young faces is imprinted on many a memory. 

On the return of the Grays from the three months' campaign. 
Capt. Osborn at once proceeded to assist in the organization of the 
15th Conn. His short campaign had only developed his ardor as 
a soldier and patriot; thenceforth he was in the war for its dura- 
tion, or for his life. His furloughs home were very brief. His 
place was at the front, and all his enthusiasm enlisted that the 
15th should do its whole duty. 

It was a sad day in New Haven when his regiment returned 
after the action at Kinston, N. C, without their Major. But it 
was reported that the wound he had received there would quicklv 
heal, and he would soon be home again. It was a false hope. The 
wound resulted in blood poisoning, aijd on April 6, 1865. he died, 
attended by Private Tate, of the 15th, at Danville, Virginia. 
Doubtless the chaotic condition within the Confederacy at that 
time, prevented the care he might otherwise have received. His 
remains lie in the family lot in the Grove street cemetery. 



ADJUTANT PHILIP C. RAND. 

(See Portrait, page io8). 

First Lieutenant and Adjutant Philip C. Rand was born in 
Middletown, Conn., August 24th, 1841. At the breaking out of 
the war, he was in the emjjloy of a mercantile house at Meriden, 
Conn. When the 15th Regiment was organized, he enlisted in 
Capt. Julius Bassett's Co. A, and went to the front as its Orderly 
Sergeant. He Avas promoted to the rank of Second Lieutenant, 
May i8th, 1863, and to that of First Lieutenant, November 20th, 
1864. Was mustered out with his regiment at the close of the war. 
As Adjutant, he was a model officer, faithful in the performance 
of duty, brave in action, always a gentleman. In the fall of 1S65, 
the mercantile house of Ives, LTphani & Rand was organized in 
Meriden, of which he is a member, and where he now resides. 



DR. EDWARD O. COWLES, 
First Assistant Surgeon. 

(See Portrait, page 54). 

Edward O. Cowles was born in North Woodstock, Conn.. 
December 22, 1834. He came to North Haven with his father's 
family about 1837. He early evinced an interest in medical studies 



- J.C FLFTEEXTH COXXECTRTT VOL UyTEER.i. 

(his grandiaiiier. Dr. Tosepb Foote, being one of the leading phy- 
sicians of Ms dav) and entered Yale College in 1S52. He was gradu- 
ated in the class 01 1556, and entered the medical school in iSsg. 
Here he received a three years' conrse, ending just previous to the 
raTI for the " Lvon Regiment-" His brother Henry had been in 
the armv since Mav, i56i. and he resolved to offer his services also 
to his conntrv. He proved a most valuable assistant to Dr. 
H "-:-:<mb. and during the trying days at Xe\r Berne, 1S64, 
-,-.,- :^e aamiration of all his comrades, by his pluck and skill in 
orappling with the deadly fever there. He is a practicing phy- 
sician in Xe^r \ c^k C:ty. 



THE REV. D. HENRY MILLER. 

CH-APLAIX. 
(See Pottrait, p^e 60). 

Rev. D. Henr>- Miller. D. D., was bom in the Isle of Jersey, 
Oct. 31. 1S27. His mother was bom in Charlestown, Mass., and 
was the daughter of one of the heroes of Bunker HflL His father 
was a native of England- On the death of his father at Jerse\-, 
where his parents had located in search of health, Mrs. Miller 
returned ro Boston where her son received his first training. He 
was for vears a siudent in the Hanover Street Classical Institute. 
In 154= he was graduated from the Wesles-an Institution. Soon 
after his graduation he embraced the views of the Baptists and 
was licensed to preach by the Stanton Street Baptist Church in 
New York. 

In 1547 he was ordained pastor of the Third Baptist Church, in 

North Stonington, Conn. In 1849, he organized a church of seven 

me-nberi under a- old elm tree in Yohkers, X. Y., where he 

re-r-a-r:e< "---'". 1^57. ha%-ing built up a membership of one hundred 

rred a large congregation and erected an elegant 

in lefS. he received the degree of A. 31. from Madison L'ni- 
versity. In 1537, he settled in Meriden, Conn,, over the Broad 
Street Church, remaining until 1S62, when he was commi^oned 
as Chaplain of the 15th Regiment, Conn- Vols. After two years 
of sen-ice in the neld- be settled as pastor of the large and flour- 
.: First Baptist Church, of Trenton, X. J. During this pas- 
he recseived to the fellowship of the church two hundred and 

ed the degree of D. D,, 

07, he accepted the pa.s- 

-c i^i'jixi^ .">trcct ijiiyiisi Cuurch, EAizabstb., X- J-, at that 



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-44 FIFTEEXTH COyXECrirUT VOLUXTEERS. 

olutions relative to late Companion Captain Theodore Rich Davis, 
U. S. V. (Insignia No. 2266), who died at Brookl\Ti, X. Y., Janu- 
ary 12. 1890, aged 50 years. 

The Committee appointed to draft resolutions relative to the 
death of Captain Theodore Rich Davis, U. S. V., respectfully sub- 
mit the following: 

Report. 

Companion Theodore Rich Davis was bom at 'New Haven, 
Conn., on the 22d day of May, 1S39, and died on the 12th day of 
January-, 1S90, at his residence. No. 43 McDonough St., Brooklyn, 
N. Y.. lea\'ing a family consisting of a wife and two daughters. 

Companion Davis was elected to membership in the Military- 
Order of the Loval Legion, as a member of the First Class, on the 
4th day of January, 1SS2 (Insignia 2266). 

Companion Davis was mustered into the service of the United 
States on the 25th day of August, 1S62, as captain of Co. B, 15th 
Regiment of Infantry, Connecticut Volunteers, and subsequently- 
served in the gth, iSth and 23d Army Corps, and participated with 
his regiment in the following engagements: Fredericksburg, 
December 13th, 1862; Providence Church Road, May 3d, 1863; 
Siege of Suffolk, April 12th, 1863; Edenton Road, April 24th, 1863; 
Kinston, March Sth, 1S65. He was captured March 8th, 1S65, and 
confined in Libbv Prison, Virginia, exchanged April 22d, 1S65, and 
mustered out of ser\-ice June 27th, 1S65. 

His character and services as an officer and soldier are described 
in the following letter received from Col. Geo. M. White, Assistant 
Adjutant-General of the State of Connecticut, late captain of the 
15th Connecticut Volunteers: 

" Capt. Davis deservedly held a very^ high place in the afliection 
and esteem of the members of his regiment; officers and men 
alike respecting him from first acquaintance, for the frank manli- 
ness of his nature, the courteous and generous impulses which 
aUvays marked his bearing towards his associates; and, above all, 
for the unfailing fidelity and cheerfulness with which he per- 
formed, fully and to the letter, each and every" duty assigned him. 

Brave as the bravest wherever bravery was called for, he had 
all the tenderness of a woman for a comrade in distress. 

His comrades will never forget the utter disregard of self with 
which he daily- visited the bedsides of his men and his fellow 
officers, who were stricken with yellow fever during the prevalence 
of that fearful scourge at New Berne, N. C, in 1864; nor the equal 
faithfulness with which he personally- ministered to the sick and 
helpless citizens of the town whom their nearest friends had 
deserted in terror. 



THE DEFEXSE OF THE Uyp- V 

It was my fortune to be with Capt. Da\-is di:r.ng sis nrst two 
days and nights as a prisoner of war, and when our Major and 
Adjutant, both mortally woimded and helpless, were about to be 
left to die on the ground while we were hurried away under guard. 

The bold persistence with which Capt. Davis demanded, in the 
name of hiunanity, that we be allowed to remain with our dving 
comrades until they might be placed under shelter and care, finally 
secured for him and myself a verbal parole to stay by them until 
we might see them lodged in a hospital, or at least in the hands of 
a surgeon. 

Xot until they were ha\-ing the best care the Confederacv could 
give them in the Fair Ground Hospital at Goldsboro, did he con- 
sent to leave them and take up his line of march for Richmond 
and Libb}- Prison. 

This was but a characteristic example of the fearless but courte- 
ous determination with which, as a man and an officer, Capt. Da\-is 
was always ready to meet an emergency, regardless of self and 
with no thought but of duty. 

While a member of the 15th Regiment survives, Capt. Da\-is 
will be remembered with the warmest feelings of regard. He was 
a brave soldier, a genial comrade, and a nobleman, if this Repub- 
lic ever had one. " 

This Committee would respectfully submit the following reso- 
lutions: 

Resohied. That this Commandery has learned of the death of 
our late companion, Theodore R. Da%ns, with feelings of profound 
sorrow and regret. 

Resolved, That in the death of our late companion, this Com- 
manderv" has lost a noble, genial comrade and friend, and the 
nation an tmsellish and lo\-al citizen and defender. 

Resolved, That the Commandery tender to the family of our 
late companion, Theodore R. Davis, our earnest sympathy. 

Resolved. That this report be made a part of the records of 
this Commander}-, and that a copy of the same be sent to Mrs. 
Da\-is. 

rO:Sciail Geo. DeForest Bakt-v 

R. 



CAPT. GEORGE M. WHITE. 

COMF.\NY E. 
(See Portrait, page to;). 

George M. WTiite was born in old Windham Co., Conn. At 
thirteen years of age he left his home to shift for himself and after 
trpng various pursuits at length found himself teaching a count r>- 



346 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

district school in Litchfield County. There he remained two sea- 
sons with the result that he acquired such a desire for a better 
education as to lead him to enter Gen. Russell's Institute, in New 
Haven, in 1S59, with the intention to fit himself to enter Yale Col- 
lege. The militar}^ tactics taught at the institute caught young 
White's fancy, and in an incredibly short time he mastered all the 
details. When the call to arms rang through the North, and the 
First Conn. Regiment was being organized. White was sent down 
to its camp for a few days as a drill master. His service there 
was so marked that Col. Tyler offered him a lieutenancy in its 
color company, and though this was but a couple of hours before 
the regiment was to leave for the front, White accepted and 
acquitted himself with distinction. 

At the expiration of the three months' service of this command 
he entered Russell's school again, and remained until the Lyon 
regiment was called for in 1862. His class was about to enter 
college, but White threw down his books, opened a recruiting 
office and presently received a commission as captain of the fifth 
company in that organization. In 1864 he was offered the col- 
onelcy of the loth Conn., but declined the honor. His record in 
the 15th Conn, speaks for itself. At the close of the war Capt. 
White was chosen Chief of Police of New Haven, a position which 
he filled with great ability, resigning eventually to accept a lucra- 
tive office in a gold mining company situated in North Carolina. 
Reverses overtook this concern during the " Ku-Klux " excite- 
ment, and Capt. White returned to Connecticut. For a few years 
he filled various positions of trust, always with credit, and finally 
was appointed Assistant Adjutant-General of the state in 1SS5. It 
was during his incumbency of the latter office that he built for 
himself (aside from his military record) his monument The two 
volumes "Record of Connecticut men in the War of the Revo- 
lution," and " Record of Connecticut Men in the AVar of the 
Rebellion," stand to-day as master-pieces of research, careful- 
ness, and infinite patience, reared mainly by his unremitting zeal 
and attention. Capt. White was always aAvelcome speaker in any 
assemblage. By his comrades he was universally beloved, and 
possessed the rare secret of being firm in his opinions without 
giving offense. Among all his cares and engrossments he found 
time for the extended reading of choice authors and was himself 
an easy and fluent writer. A volume of verse published after his 
decease attained a wide circulation in Connecticut. The limits 
of this volume forbid much that ought to be said of him. He 
died December 23, 1891. 

" Sans pntr. ct sans rcprorhr." 



THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 



547 



LIEUT. HEBER S. IVES, 
Company E. 

(See Portrait, page i8o). 

Heber S. Ives was born in Meriden, Conn., May lo, 1S45. Ilis 
father was a prosperous farmer in the " southeast district," and 
Heber lived at home until he enlisted in Co. K, 8th Regiment, as 
private under Capt. Upham (afterwards Colonel) in September, 
1S61. He served with that regiment until November, 1S64, when 
he was promoted to the lieutenancy of Co. E, 15th C. V., and was 
captured March 8th, 1865, at Kinston, N. C. He was paroled after 
three weeks' taste of " Libby," and rejoining his regiment, was 
made acting captain until discharged in June, 1865. Since the war 
Mr. Ives has lived in Plantsville, Conn.* In May, i86g, he was 
appointed postmaster, and has held that position continuously 
since, with the exception of the four years of Cleveland's first 
term. His present commission expires January, iS()5. 



CAPT. REUBEN WATERMAN, 
Company F. 

(See Portrait, page 64). 

Capt. Waterman was born in Limerick, Maine, in 1S26. Mar 
ried Isabella Hanson, of that town, in 1S46, and in 184S moved to 
Connecticut. 

He enlisted from Jleriden, Conn., August 5, 1S62, and was 
mustered out of service June 27, 1865. Since then he has been 
engaged in business with the Meriden Cutlery Co., in that city. 
His residence is at South Meriden, Conn. 



LIEUT. WILLIAM W. THOMPSON, 
Company F. 

(See Po'tiait, page 174). 

William Wallace Thompson was born in Brooklyn, N. V.. 
March 15, 1S39. At fifteen years of age he went alone to Califor- 
nia, where he worked in the mines two years and accunnilated 
quite a little gold. On his way home he was wrecked and lost all 
he had. He reached Hartford, where he found employment for a 

* Lieut. Ives died May, 1S04. 



348 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

couple of years, or until he removed to Meriden. Conn. When 
Abraham Lincoln called for three months volunteers, he enlisted 
in Co. B, 3d Conn. Volunteers, and was at the battle of Bull Run. 
At the expiration of this service he remained at home a year, and 
then enlisted in Co. F, 15th Conn. Volunteers. At Burnside's call 
for volunteers to lay the center pontoon bridge at the battle of 
Fredericksburg, young Thompson secured permission from his 
commanding officer to assist, and was among the first to offer his 
services. 



LIEUT. WILLL^M GOODRICH, 
Company G. 

(See Portrait, page 130). 

William Goodrich, Jr., was born in New Haven, Conn,, Janu- 
ar}' 12th, 1S45. 

When the war broke out in 1S61, Lieut. Goodrich was a pupil 
in Gen. Russell's military school. New Haven, Conn., and was 
Captain of "A" company in the school battalion. Imbued with 
the desire to serve his country to the best of his ability, he with- 
out compensation, spent the first year of the war giving military 
instruction to the different companies raised in the neighborhood 
of New Haven. By this means many officers and men started 
out with a knowledge of military tactics, and were thus enabled to 
take precedence over other comrades. 

Though repeatedly offered a commission, he declined accepting 
until when in August, 1S62, Capt. John D. Wheeler recruited the 
vSigel Rifles (afterwards Co. G, 15th C. V.), and tendered him the 
First Lieutenantcy. The battle of Fredericksburg, Va., found 
him in c!)mmand of Co. G, and from that field for gallant conduct. 
Col. AVright wrote Gov. Buckingham, recommending him for pro- 
motion. 

While the regiment was at New Berne, N. C, Gen. Innis N. 
Palmer appointed him on Augu.st 27tli, 1864, Assistant Provost 
Marshal, District of North Carolina, under j\Iaj. H. T. Lawson as 
chief. 

AVhile on a leave of absence North, he learned of the Vellow 
Fever plague raging in New Berne, and at once determined to 
return to duty. He found all manner of obstacles in his way, biit 
succeeded finally in entering the city only to find Maj. Lawson (his 
chief) dying. Assuming charge, he filled the po.sition until the 
appointment of Col. Poor, as Chief Provost Mar.shal. 

January 3d, 1865, he was promoted to the staff of Gen. Palmer, 
as Aidc-de-Camj), which place he held until the close of the war. 



THE DEFENSE OF THE UNION. 

349 

coming out at 20 years of age, the youngest officer in the regiment 
and durmg the greater part of the time when with the regin en ' 
was m command of Co. G. c>,""Lni, 

_ Though offered a Captain's commission in the 8th C V and a 
Lieutenant-Colonel's commission in ist North Caroling he 
remained loyal to his first love, the old 15th. 

In _ the latter part of 1S65, Lieut'. Goodrich went to 
Georgia and engaged in the manufacture „f yellow pine 
lumber until 1S6S. He came to Pliiladelph.a in the latter vcar and 
entered the employ of Messrs. Wm. Sellers & Co., manufacturers of 
Machine Tools, remaining with them until 1872, when he went to 
Tennessee in the Charcoal Pig Iron Blast Furnace business. 

Remained in Tennessee until 1878 and returned to Philadelpliia 
Has resided there ever since, and has been for many years in 
charge of one of the largest lumber yards in the city. 

Was married in 1875 to Helen '(Proves, daughter of Anthony 
Groves, of Philadelphia. Has no children. Among other socie- 
ties he is a prominent member of Pennsvlvania 'Commandery 
:\Iilitary Order of the Loyal Legion. 



CAPT. ROBERT O. BRADLEY. 
Company H. 

(See Portrait, page 122). 

This officer was born in New Haven, Conn., June 27, 1832. His 
early education was limited. When but twelve years of age he 
went to Utica, N. Y., and spent a year as "driver" on the'utica 
and Binghamton Canal. From the latter ]:)lace he found his way 
to Albany, and again engaged as "driver" on the Erie Canal. 
Returning to New Haven, he was apprenticed to a carpenter, and 
after serving his term connected himself with one of the leading 
lumber firms in that city, where he remained until 1S59, when he 
entered business for himself. In 1856 he was married. At the for- 
mation of the 15th Conn. Regiment, he secured permission from 
Gov. Buckingham to recruit for it, and soon had a com])any (H) 
under his command. Aside from his immediate connection witli 
his regiment, he was sent to Connecticut in 1S64 in charge of a 
detachment of non-commissioned officers on recruiting service, and 
succeeded in securing two hundred forty new men for tlie 15th. 
Since the war he has been engaged in business in New Haven. 
v\'here he resides. 



35 o FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

CAPTAIN HENRY H. STILES. 
Company K. 

(See Portrait, page 82). 

Henrv Hobart Stiles was born in North Haven, Conn., Octo- 
ber 4, 1S24.. He received a semi-military training in the State 
militia, being captain of the "2nd Co., loth Regt," from 1S45 to 
1849. He was also in command of the "wide-awake club," 
a campaign organization in the presidential contest of i860. 
Capt. Stiles enlisted only at the repeated requests of the North 
Haven members of Co. K. He always expressed himself as 
physically incapable of performing the severe duty which 
he knew would fall upon him, and the sequel showed how 
great a sacrifice he made. He was commissioned August 
g, 1S62, and remained with the regiment until August 
17, 1S63. "The Blackberry raid" drew so heavily on 
his vitality that he asked to be relieved. He was placed 
on detached service at Pro\-idence, R. I., until April, 1S64, 
when he was transferred to a command in the Veteran Reserve 
Corps, with headquarters at Albany. There he remained until 
increasing debility forced his retirement in March, 1S65. He 
died at North Haven, April 2, 1S79. 



CAPT. ME DAD DOUGLASS MUNSON, 
Company K. 

(See Portrait, page 104.). 

Capt. ilunson, son of Medad W. Munson, was born in \V ailing- 
ford. Conn., August 22, 1S30. He traces his descent in part from 
Col. William Douglass of Revolutionary fame. Young Munson 
received a common school education in his native town, and was 
early taken into the extensive leather manufactory of his father, 
where he remained until the time of his enlistment. He married 
Laura S. Gordon, of North Branford, Conn., in 1S53, and has one 
son. Capt. Munson's reasons for enlistment are found in the fol- 
lowing incident: Upon the occasion of a public meeting held in 
Wallingford early in July, 1S62, at which time Col. D. R. Wright 
was the chief speaker, the latter urged with great earnestness the 
immediate volunteering of the youth of the town. At the close of 
his address a momentary pause followed, during which Medad W. 
Munson, a man of sixty years, arose and tremblingly said: " I 
have been this day to New Haven and offered my services to the 
government, at the same time conscious that I am too old for ser- 
vice, and yet did not know but I could be of use in the commis- 
sary, or some such department." But he added: "I have two 
s>ns, and I have advised them both to 2:0." 



THE DEFENSE OF THE UXIOX 

.35 ' 

This was enough. Amid the most intense interest. Munson 
stepped promptly to the front, and was the first to enlist from his 
town m the 15th Conn. Others followed quickly, among them his 
brother Ohver S. (who died November. 1863, The Wallingford 
and North Haven volunteers united to form Co. K, and Munson 
received his commission as ist Lieutenant. Upon the resignation 
of Capt. Stiles, he was promoted to Captain, November 16. 1863 
in which rank he served till the muster out of the regiment. 



LIEUT. SOLOMON F. LINSLEY, 
Company K. 

(See Portrait, page 212). 

Solomon F. Linsley was bom in Wallingford Conn., May 26. 
1830. He was the eldest of three brothers, one of whom', Marcus 
M., was a Sergeant in Co. A, 15th Conn., and the other, Joseph 
F., was Captain of Co. F, 33d Wis., who was killed in action, April. 
1863. Further, he had twent^'-one cousins in the Union army, six 
of whom laid down their lives for their countr}^ 

Lieut Linsley names among his ancestors some of the " bluest 
blood " of history. The great Scottish family of Douglass (1610). 
the Foote family (settlers in Wethersfield in' 1635), the Mansfield 
family, as well as other lines, all equally renowned, find in him a 
worthy descendant. His early years were spent on his father's 
farm, and such education was given him as could be afforded by 
the schools of that day. On attaining his majority, he learned 
the carpenter's trade, a pursuit he was following with success at 
the breaking out of the Rebellion. 

His first enlistment was as a private in Co. C, 6th Conn.. 
August 26, 1S61, but was discharged for disability. March 14, 1862. 
At the forming of the 15th Conn., he was instrumental, with 
W^illiara R. Mackay, of Wallingford. in organizing Co. K, of that 
regiment, and was commissioned 2d Lieutenant. August 9, 1862, 
promoted to ist Lieutenant, November 16, 1863, and mustered out 
June 27, 1S65. During a part of his service he was in command 
of the Brigade Pioneer Corps [see mention], and for some time in 
command of Co. C, of his own regiment. 

Lieut. Linsley married Lucy A. Tracy, of Windsor, Conn.. 
February 28, 1S55. She is also of Scottish blood, and a descend- 
ant of the ancient De Traceys of " Ivanhoe." After the 
war, Lieut. Linsley settled in North Haven, and has followed his 
trade of a master builder ever since. He still retains much of that 
athletic spirit for which he was so noted in the service, and it 
would take a pretty lively comrade to outdo him in any feat fi 
athletics at the present day. 



352 FIFTEENTH CONNECTICUT VOLUNTEERS. 

LIEUT. JOHN H. HALL, 
Company K. 

(See Portrait, page 198). 

John H. Hall was born in "Wallingford, Conn., ]\larch 22, 1837. 
He enlisted as private in Co. K, August 9, 1S62, and received an 
appointment as 4th Sergeant. In December, 1S62, his warrant 
was raised to 3d Sergeant, and in March, 1864, he was commis- 
sioned 2d Lieutenant of his company. Lieut. Hall was married 
in 1872 to Minerva W. Austin, of Fort Plain, N. Y., and has had 
five children (all boys), three of Avhom are living. 

His residence is Passaic, N. J., and place of business is at 21 
Walker street. New York City, where he is agent for the commis- 
sion house of O. I. Lewis & Co., of St. Louis, Mo. He has been 
with this firm for nearly thirty years. 



LIEUT. CHARLES R. COAX, 

Company E. 

Charles R. Coan, son of Major R. D. Coan, of New Haven, 
Conn., was born November 17, 183S. The political atmosphere of 
his father's house was so thoroughly Republican, that the youth 
was fain to enlist with those who went out earliest in the war. 
Circumstances prevented this, but when the Lyon Regiment 
was called for, he secured an appointment as recruiting officer 
from Major Samuel Tolles, about the middle of July, 1S62, and 
at once commenced looking up volunteers. In this he was very 
successful, and shortly received a commission as 2d Lieut, of Co. 
E, one of the best commands in the regiment. On reaching 
Wa.shingtoti, the miasmas of Camps Chase and Casey got in their 
dreaded work on a not over rugged constitution, and young Coan 
was frequently compelled to forego duty. He accompanied his 
regiment, however, on that dreary inarch through Maryland, and 
was present at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va. Shortly after 
this engagement, he felt the utter futility of further attempting 
to do duty, and being unable to secure such a leave of absence 
as seemed necessary, resigned his commission, January 8, 1S63. 
He married Anna R. Baldwin, November 17, 1859. He has been 
connected for some years with the Security Insurance Co. of New 
Haven, Conn., and at present is manager of the New Haven 
department. 



CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER I. 

Lincoln's Proclamation, 5— Public Meeting, 6— National Union 
Committee, 7— Enlistments, 10— Camp Lyon, 11— Organization of 
the Regimeut, 14— Departure from New Haven, 16— Arrival at 
Arlington Heights, Va., iS. 

CHAPTER H. 

Camp Chase, 20— Long Bridge and Fort Runyon, 24— Camp 
Casey, 27— Picket Duty, 28— Departure for the Army of the 
Potomac, 29— Arrival at Acquia Creek, Va., 30— March to Freder- 
icksburg, Va. , 31. 

CHAPTER in. 

Fredericksburg, 32. 

CHAPTER IV. 

Departure from Fredericksburg, 44 — Newport News, 44— Suf- 
folk, 45 — The Skirmish on Edenton Road, 46— Skirmish on Provi- 
dence Church Road, 48 — Departure from Suffolk, 51. 

CHAPTER V. 

"The Blackberry Raid," 51 — Portsmouth, Va, 53— South Mills, 
N. C, 56 — Execution of Deserters, 57 — In and. About Norfolk, 
Va., 58. 

CHAPTER VI. 

Departure from Portsmouth, Va., 64 — Plymouth and New 
Berne, N. C , 65— Bachelors Creek, 68— Little Washington, N. C, 
69— Arrival of Chaplain John B. Doolittle, 73 — E.xecution of 
Deserters, 74. 

CHAPTER VII. 

New Berne, 76 — Yellow Fever Scourge, 77 — Evans Mills, N. 
C, 79— Great Fire in New Berne, 79— First Expedition to Kins- 
ton, N. C, 80. 

CHAPTER VIII. 

Expedition to Little Washington, N. C, 83— Expedition to 
Coleraine, N. C, 84— Arrival of Troops and Recruits from Sher- 
man's Army, 84— Second Raid on Little Washington, N. C, 85 — 
Second Advance on Kinston, N. C, 87. 

23 



354 CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER IX. 
Kinston, N. C, 93. 

CHAPTER X. 
Goldsboro, X. C, 118 — Departure of the Wounded and Prison- 
ers for Richmond, Va., 119 — Clover Station, 121 — Weldon, N. C, 
123— Salisbury Prison, 125— Death of Lieut. Bishop, 126— Dan- 
ville, Va., 127 — Death of Major Osborne, 128 — Richmond and 
Libby Prison, 129. 

CHAPTER XI. 

Narrative of Lieut. Goodrich, 131 — Narrative of Frank D. 
Mosher, 136— Escape and Recapture of Capt. White and Lieut. 
Linsley, 140 — Capture of Private Nichols, 142 — Capture and 
Imprisonment of Capt. John D. Wheeler, 143 — Serg't. Towner's 
Diary, 145. 

CHAPTER XII. 

Provost Duty at Kinston. N. C, 147 — Assembling of the Regi- 
ment, 148 — Death or Lieut. Bowns, 14S — Private Rogers' School, 
149 — Tax-List of Kinston, 150 — Camp Chattanooga, 151 — The 
Muster Out of the Regiment, 151 — Arrival at New Haven, 
Conn., 152. 

CHAPTER XIII. 

Regimental Retinions, 155. 

CHAPTER XIV. 
Reiniiiiscences and Recollections. 

P.VRT I. 

Corporal Smith's "Boiled Tongue," 175— The "Smoke-out" 
at Red House, 176— Bill Nichols' " Boots," 176— The Burned Tent 
at Fairfax Seminary, 177— An Incident of the Battle of Kinston, 
178 — Gen. Casey's Failure to Promote Col. Wright, 17S— 
"Gideon's Band," 180— O'Connor's Raid, 181— Captain Butricks' 
Reveries, 183— The Captain's Lost Rations, 187— The Fishing 
Excursion of Col. ToUes and Others, 189— A Long Bridge Inci- 
dent, 191 — Lieut. Day's Narrative, 191. 

PART II. 

Camp Blindness, 198— Capt. E. A. Thorpe's Narrative, 199— 
Gen. Grant at Fortress Monroe, 201— Incident at Music Hall, 1862, 
203— The Drummer's Mishap, 203— The Wounding of Major 
Osborne, 205— Capt. White's Narrative, 206 -Recovery of Capt. 
Davis' Sword, 211— Chaplain Doolittle's Christmas Gift, 212— Sur- 
render of the Colors at Kinston, N. C, 213--" The Central Vir- 
ginia Meat Co.," 214— "The Blackberry Raid," 216. 



CONTENTS. 



355 



PART III. 

The Pioneer Corps, 220 — War Posters, 223 — Narrative of 
Charles E. Hart, 225— South Mills, N. C, 226— Promotions, 227 — 
A Relic of Fredericksburg, Va., 228— Bill Nichols and the "Tar- 
heel," 229— Rations, 229— Narrative of Capt. Waterman, 231. 

PART IV. 

The Yellow Fever at New Berne, 233— The North Carolina 
Times, 239— Recollections of Sergt. Henry C. Baldwin, 239— 

Fredericksburg, Va., 1892, 255. 

CHAPTER XV. 

Catalogue of the Regiment as mustered in 1S62, 265. 

CHAPTER XVI. 
The Monument at New Berne, N. C. 

CHAPTER XVH. 
Biographies. 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Acquia Creek, . . 2< 
Allen, George W., 

" Henry S., 

" Lieut., 

Martin, 14S, 150, 
Alexandria, 
Allis, Lucius P., • 
Amelia Court House,. 
Andersonville, . 
Andrews, Elias, . 
Arlington Heights, . 15, 
Atwood, The Rev. Eugene 
163, 164, 
Ayletts vStation, 

3. 

Bachelors Creek, 

68, 73, Si, 84 
Bacon, The Rev. Dr., . 
Baker, ... 

Baldwin, Henry C, 

39, 156, 158, 160, 163, 
Barnes, Charles D., 

156, 171, 173. 178, 201, 
"Basket-makers," etc., 
Bassett, Capt. Julius, 

8 II, 13, 90, 94, 97- 112, 
Bartholomew, Col. (i7ch M 

Battle Flag Day, . 
Beach, Lieut., 

Beach, Col 

Beckley, Charles F., 

75. 77. "7. i'''4. 
Beech Grove, 



J. 30 
8. 

174. 

143, 

iS, 
170, 



'AGE 
. 44 
227 
100 

244 

239 

26 

6 
122 

197 
248 
173 

174 

53 



. S7. 


108 




6 




55 


168, 


239 


212, 


216 




48 


"4. 


249 


ass.; 


), 


253. 


255 




162 




121 




47 


166, 


174 




81 



Beecher William S., 

54, 158, 164, 166. 167, 172. 247 
Beers, Orrin, . . -39 

Belle Plain, . . . 260 

Benedict, WilUs, 159, 160, 163. 165 
Berry, George, ... 74 

Big Bethel, .... 53 
Bishop, Lieut. Edwin W., 

25, 95. 97. i<''2, 114. 115, 
119, 125. 13S, 145, 252 
" Samuel, ... 6 
Bissell. Lieut. Julius B , 156. 167 
Bloodhounds, . . . 195 

Bodwell, Augustus, . . 12S 
Bowers Hill, . . . . 55 
Bounty, . . . . 8, 16 

Bowman, Lieut. C. F., 

90, 99, 106, 135, 169, 237 
Bowman. Peter E., . . 169 
Bowns, Lieut., . 47, 57, 14S 

Bradley, Ellen, . . . iG 

Capt. Robert O., 84,121 
Bragg, Gen., C. S. A., . 24 S 
Brandy Station, ... 52 
Breen, James, ... 39 

Bristol, Noyes, . . . 148 
Willis, ... 6 

Brooks, Mary, . . .16 

Brown, Adjutant Charles P., 

9, 15. 35. 50, 243, 259 
Bryan, Benjamin S., . . 7 
George H., . 156, 174 

Buckingham, Gov., . . d 

" Buckingham Day," . 164 

Buckley, Michael, . . 39, 249 
Bunnell, George W^., . . 227 



GENERAL INDEX. 



357 



PAGE 

" Bullet proof vests," . . 15 
Burke. .... 253 

Burns, The Rev. Harvey E., 

168, 170 
Burnside, Gen., . 36, 41, 42 

Burgess, Capt. William C, 

8, 79i 97, 121, 148, 163, 169, 214 

Bushnell, C. S 7 

Burritt, Lieut. N. F., 

97, 121, 174, 243 
Butricks, Captain Minot A., 

go, 94, 121, 155, 15S, 164, 166, 
168, 176. 183, 1S9, 233, 23S 
Butler, Gen. B F., . . 11 



C. 

Camp " Casey," 

"Chattanooga," 

'• "Chase," 

15, 19, 20, 22, 171, 

" " Lyon." 

"Mud." . 18 41 

" "Parole," . 
Camp-blindness, 
Candee, John D., . 
Cannon. Thomas, 
Carr, David H., 
Carter, Gen., 86, 88, 91. 
Casey, Gen. Silas, 
" Casey's Pets," 
Casualties, 
Castle Thunder, 
Catfish, . ' . 
Catlin, William H.. 167 
Catchin, Julius, 
Chamberlain, Isaac, . 
Chapin, PhiHp E., 
Chapman, Hon. Charles. 
Charleston, S. C, . 
Charnley, William S., 
Chatham, Md., 
Chowan river. 



■ 27 


, 30 


no, 


151 


IS3. 


256 


II 


, 13 


. 44, 


260 




123 




198 




7 




242 




7 


103, 


iiC) 


22, 


17S 


. 22 


, 29 




154 


128, 


139 




216 


174. 


191 




100 




155 




22S 




6 


144, 


194 




6 




29 


. 6; 


;- 84 



Church, James A., 

155, 15S, 167, 172, 174, 185 
Clarke, Clarence M., . . 22S 
" George W. , . . 49 
" Robert, ... 74 

Clarksville, N. C, . 120, 1^0 

Classen, Col., ... 73 

Clover Station, Va., . . 121 
Coan, Lieut. Charles R., 8, 150 
Cobb, Dr., C. S A., . . 248 
Coleraine, N. C, . . 65, 84 
Collins, Joseph, ... 74 
Columbia, S. C, . 144, 194 

Company formations, . . 14 
Corcoran, Gen., . . 46 

Core Creek, . . 81. 87, io3 

Couch, George, . . . 174 
Cowles, Surgeon Edward O., 

192, 237 

" Luman, . . 6 

Cox. Gen., . 86, 87, 91, 117 

D. 

Danville. Va., 

127, 139, 143, 145, 193 
Davis, Capt. Theodore R., 

10, 79, 100, 102, 121, 161, 168, 

205, 211 
Day Lieut. Augustus P., 

165, 191. 1V7 

Deep Creek, Va 55 

Deserters, . . . 30. 57. 74 
Dismal Swamp, . . 55. '89 
Doolittle, Isaac L., . . 66 

" The Rev. John B., 

73. 83. 99. I5f>. 159. ">-• 
164, 167, 171. 212 

Dougal. 47 

Dougherty, . • • 55 

Dovers Forks, . . 87, loS 

Downes, Edward, . . 7 

Duguid. Capt., C. S. A., 141. 209 
Dunlap, Thomas, . 22S 



358 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Edenton Road, Va., 
Elliott, Charles W. . 
Evans Mills, N. C, 
Executions, 



Fairfax Seminary, Va , 
Falmouth, Va., 
Fellowes, Richard S., . 
Finnigan, Hugh, 96, lyO 

Finch, Lucius R., . 
Foote, Charles, . 

" Commodore A. H., 
Foi t Alban3% 

■■ Connecticut, 

" Dix .... 

" Jackson, . 18, 70, 

" Monroe, 

" Runyon, . 18. 21, 

" Totten, 

" Union, .... 

" Washington, 
Fosters Wharf. N. C, . 
Foules Gen., C. S. A., 
Fredericksburg, Va., 31, 228, 
French, Corp., . 

" Lieut S. H., 102, 121, 
" Fresh Fish," . 



PAGE 

7 
79 
74 



26 

257 

7 

214 

6 

1 84 

6 

257 

49 

46 

257 
44 

257 
76 
47 
69 

151 

73 
255 
182 
191 
192 



Q. 

Galpin, Charles, 
Gallagher, Hon. James, 
Gaston, N. C, 
Gavin, 

Getty, Gen., . 
" Gideon's Band," 
Gilbert, Lucius, 
Glassford, W. H., 
Goldsboro, N. C, 

T02, 116, iiS, 124, 137, 251 
Goodrich. Lieut. William, 

94. 105, 131 



• 39 
203 

. 1 20 

253 

47, 216, 219 

180 

• . 7 

49 



PAGE 
201 
121 

49 

145 

'74. 

227 
218 
109 



Grant, Gen. U. S., 
Gray, Lieut., 
Greenland, James, 
Greensboro. N. C, . 139, 

Griffin, Joel, 

13, 40, 52, 70, 80, 96, 123. 

214 
Griswold, Charles. . 174. 
Guerrillas, 68, 109, 142, 181, 
Gum-swamp. N. C, . 

H. 

Hampton, Va., . . 53. 219 
Hanover Station, Va., . 52 

Harland, Gen.. 32, 47, 143, 179, 180 
" Hardtack," . . . 230 
Harrison. Hon. Henry B. , . 6 
Hart, Charles E,, 155, 22;, 228 

Healy, Bartholemew, . . 7 
Hill, John, .... 22S 
Hinsdale, B P., . . 10, 44 

Historians, 157, 158, 165, 166, 174 
Hoadley, H. T., . . 240, 243 
Hogan, Billy. . . 221. 241 

Hoke, Gen., C. S. A., 

69. 91. 93. 95. 103. 105, 113, 132. 

192, 205, 24S 
Holcomb, Surgeon H. V. C, 

15, 25, 39, 48, 63, 76, 106, 156, 

158, 159, 233, 238 
HoUister, Judge, ... 7 
Horn, Michael, . . 246 

Horton, Giles G 22S 

Hotchkiss, John B.. . . 6 

Hubbard, Judge Leverett, . 166 
William H., 

96. 99, lOI, 1 84 

" Capt. Samuel R , 10, 259 

Hurst, Lieut., C. S. A., . 141 



Ives, (^scar P., 

155, 156, 158, 172, 174, li 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Jacksons Mills, N. C, 

73, 91, 102, III 

James, , ... 70 

Johnson, Harmon, . . 247 

John, . . .175 

" William F., . 159 

Jones, Sergeant, . . .180 

K. 

Kane, Gen., ... 23 

Kearney, , . . . 252 

Kelly, Henry, . . . 161 

" Kelly's warble," . . . 244 

Kenney, Edwin A., . . 228 

Kimball, John C, 12, 15, 161 
King William Court House, 

52, 53, 221 

King, James A., ... 6 
Kinston, N. C, 

So, 93, loi, 106, 117, 131, 137, 

147, 178 

Kirby, Thomas B., . . 9 

Kirkland, Gen., . . . 134 



L. 

Lacey House, ... 41 

Lake Drummond, Va., 1S9, 217 
Lanesville, Va., . . .52 
Latta, Sergeant, . . 70 

Lego, James, ... 47 

Leonard, John N., . 172, 241 
Libby Prison, 

122, 128, 139, 143, 192, 211 
Linsley, Lieut. Solomon F., 

15, 66, 05, 120, 140, 156, 

160, 168, 170, 174, 206, 

213. 220. 228, 256 

Charles A., . . 7 

Little, Frank E., . . 227 

Little Washington, N. C, 

69, S3. 85 
Liverpool Point. Md., . 29 



Log-houses 

Long Bridge, Va., 

15, iS, 21, 24, 26, 29, 191, 
" Long Roll." 
Longstreet, Gen., C. S. A., 
Lord Walter H., 

155, 166, 167, 168, 170, 171, 

173. 174. 185 
Lovejoy, Capt. F. M., 8, 167, 
" Lyon regiment," 8, 16, 14S, 

M. 

Mackay, William R., . 12. 
Macon, Ga., . . 143. 

Mahone, Gen., C. S. A., 
Malaria, . . . .2: 
Malone, John, 
Manville, George W., 

113, 119, 125, 126, 214. 
Manwell, Col., 
Marshall, Henry G., 163. 167, 

Marvan, , 

Merriam, George C, . S 

McAllister, Alexander, 
McChestney, Col., 

McCourt, . 

McDonald, 

McManus, Paddy, 
Miller, The Rev. I). Henry. 
15, 21, 58, 73, 165, 166, 

171. 259 
Minor, George L., 
Mix, John B., . 
Nonument (New Berne), 
Morehead City, N. C, 
Morgan, George, . i"!-. 

Morse, William J., 

" Zadoc R 

Morris Island, S. C, 
Mosher, Frank D., 

30, 119, 125, 12S. 136, 163 
Mosley, Joe, . . J4<J. 

Munson, Capt. Medad D., 99. 



359 

PACK 



45 



172 



174 
193 
120 

49 

24S 

65 

22S 

96 

!. 74 

S3 
246 

241 

170, 

171 
174 
174 
'•4 
231 
if)6 
155 
i')4 

257 
209 
1U4 



;6o 



GENERAL INDEX. 



N. 



io6. 



National Union Committee, 7, 9, 10 
New Berne, N. C. 

65. 68, 71, 104 

150. 233 
Newport News, Va, 
Nichols Ferry, Va., 
Nichols, William H., 

100, 142, 176, 183, 1S9, 229, 258 
Norfolk, Va , . . 45, 58 

North Carolina Times, . 239 



PAGE Pembertons Plantation, Va., 



17, 147, 

44 
121 



O. 



142, 181 



O'Connor, 
Orders, 

II, 20, 31, 55, 79, 85, 88, 116, 

147, 151 

Osb;)rne, Arthur D., . . 6 
Major E. Walter, 

12, 47, 65, 66, 68, 87, 

94, 97. 102, no, 112, 

114, 119, 125, 126, 128, 

138, 145, 176, 197, 205, 

231, 250 

Overland Monitor, . . 72 

Owens, Thomas, . . 39 

03'ster Point, ... 10 

R. 

Palmer, Gen., 73, gi, 13 

" Merwin E., 
Pardee, Henry E., 

" Stephen D., 
" William, 
Parker, James B., 
Parkville, X. C, . 
Paroles, . . 12; 

Patterson, Charles, 
Patterson Park Hospital, 
Pease, William B., 
Peck, David J., . 

" Gen 

" Lucius G., 



PAGE 

Penrose, Lieut., . 25, 241 

Peterson, G. F 10 

Phillips, Frank, 12S, 13S, 146 

Picket duty 28 

Pinkerman, Philip A., . 6 

Pioneer Corps, . . . 220 
Piscataway, Md., . . 29 

Piatt. Hon. O. H , . . 16 

Plymouth, N. C, . 65, 68, 192 
Poor, Col., . . . .81 
Porter, John A , . . 7 

Port Tobacco. Md , . . 29 
Portsmouth, Va., 

51, 53, 56, 64, 222, 241 
Promotions (from ranks), . 227 
Providence Church Road, Va. , 48 
Provisional Brigade, . -179 



Q. 



Quintard, Eli S., 



6. 167 



Rafifile, Charles, . . .157 

Raleigh, N. C, . . 124. 196 

Rand, Lieut. P. C, 

8, 99, 104, 112, 115, 156, 158, 
159, 160, 163, 164, 165, 166, 204 

Rations, 



32, 181 


117, 118, 124, 125, 


145, 1S7. 


193. 


. lOI 


229 






7 


Recruiting Committe 


3, 


8 


. 167 


Red House, N. C. 


68, 72, 


176 


6 


Regimental Church, 




58 


• 39 


Reilly, Sergeant, 




212 


49 


Reports, 38, 47, 48, 


61, 66. 81 


, 89 


57 


Reunions, 


155. 


174 


26, 142 


Richmond, Va., 122 


129, 139. 


200 


. 248 


Rodriguez, Lieut., 


121, 


186 


130 


Rogers, C. B., 




7 


. 22S 


Enoch E., 


149. 15S, 


162 


6 


" Mason, 


. 76- 


233 


45. 48 


Roster, 


167, 


265 


7 


Russell, Gen. W. H., 




6 



GENFA^AL INDEX. 



S. 



Salisbur\^ N. C, 125, 138, 145, 253 
'•Salt-horse," . . . 230 

Sampson, Joseph. . 9 

Sanford, Edward T.. . . 7 
Saunders, Tom, . 244 

Savannah, Ga., . . 193, 194 
Schofield, Gen , 92, 107. 132 

Schools (colored), . . . 149 
Schafer. Louis, ... 49 

Schwart, , ... 47 

Scottsburg, Va , . . 140 

Sheffield, Joseph, . . . g 
Sherman, Thomas, . . 156 
Sibley tents, . . . -177 
Slaughter House, Va., . 39 

Smallwood, Dr . C. S. A., 254 

Smith, George W., . . 77 

" Henry E., . . -3 75 
" Capt Septimius S , 

S, 12, 13 



Stephen R. 



" ■ . 12S, 247, 249 

South Mills, N. C. 56, 184. 226 

Southwest Creek, N. C, 

81. 91, log. 115 

Spencer, -, . . . i ig 

Sperry. Hon. N. D., . 6, i6g 

Stenson, Thomas, . . 39 

Stiles, Captain Henry H., 14 

Stoddard, George W., 

15S, 167, 169, 172, 205, 215 
Storer, Justus, . . 156, 15S 
Suffolk, Va., . . . .45 

T. 



Tax list of Kinston, 
Taylors Farms, Va. 
Thallman, , 



150 
52, 214 217 



1S2 
28 
15 



Tuanksgivmg, 

The Atwater Armor Co., 
" Blackberry Raid, 51,214,216 
" "Blues," ... 10 



The " Rrownlow Ritk-^." 
"Grays," 
" Hallock Rifles," 
"McClellan (niards." 
" Quinnipiac Rifles," 
" Sigel Rifles," . 
Tolles. Lieut.-Col. Samuel, 
lo, 12, 31. 39 46, 54, 61, 6 ) 
S7 Sg, 95 96, 102, no. 
iig, 121, 155, 156, 157, 158. 
160, 165, 166, 16S, 179, 189. 

Thompson. J. B 

Lieut. W. W., 
Thorpe, Edwin A., 165. igg. 
'' Sheldon B , . 174, 
Towner, Sergt., 

70, loi, 126, 145, 
Turner, John R., 
Twenty-seventh Mass. Reg't, 

86, 89, 90, 94, 
Typhoid 4: 

U. 



I AGK 

9 
10 
10 



79. 
1 15, 
'59. 

226 

39 

237 

22S 
255 

176 
1 69 



^7f' 



Upham, Col. Charles L., 

46, 47, 49, 51, 52. 56. 72, 73, 87, 

90. 93. 99. 10 ■> i"4- iio. "2, 
123, 148, 151, 156 15S, 159, 160, 
162, 163, 164, i63. 174 



V. 

Veteran Association, 
"Virginia .Meat Co.," 

W. 



"5' 
214 



Wade, . 

War Democrats, 

" posters, 
Warnock, Henry, 
AVashington, D. C, 
Waterman, Capt. Reuben 
Wayland, Francis, Jr., 
Webb, Lieut. Watson, 



iS, 2: 



224 

39 

' 7.1 

231 

6 

if> 



362 



GENERAL INDEX. 





PAGE 




PAGE 


Weldon, N. C, . .119 


. 123 


Williamsburg, Va., 


53 


"Welch, Harmanus ^I., 


6 




47 


V\ lllicLillr?, ~'"~, • . 


Wheeler, Capt. John D., 10, 


. 143 


Winsboro, N. C, . 


196 


White House Landing, Va., 




Wise's Forks, Va., 




51. 53. 


220 


90, 103, 104, 106, III, 


133 


White Oak Road, Va., 


261 


Woodruff, Richard, 


228 


White, Henry D., 


7 


" John, 


7 


" Capt. George M., 




Wright, Dr., . 


57 


8, 10, 14, 20, 24. 97, 


102 


Col. Dexter R., 




103, 106, 112, 119, 140, 


159, 


11, 13, 15. 25, 27, 31, 


39, 


160, 163, 165, 166, 167, 


x68. 


166, 178 




169 170, 171, 189, 204, 


, 206 


Hobart, . 


156 


Whitney Rifles, 


20 


Y. 




Whitney, Eli, 


7. 9 




Willett, John B., . 


227 


Yellow fever, 76, 144, 194, 233, 


237 


Wilmington, N. C, . 


197 


Yorktown, Va., . . 51 


. 35 



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